1. 1
NAME………………………………………..CLASS………….TEACHER………………
Question 1
a) State the conditions for the rusting of iron
i) …………………………………..ii)……………………………….
b) What is the meaning of corrosion of metals? K
Na
……………………………………………………………………………………… Mg
Al
Zn
Write a half equation for corrosion of zinc metal ………………………………..
Fe
c) Can corrosion of zinc be called rusting of zinc? Explain Sn
Pb
Cu
Hg
Ag
Au

2. 2
……………………………………………………………………………..
d) Iron rusts faster at places near the sea. Explain
……………………………………………………………….
e) In the diagram to the right are the metals arranged in descending order in
electrochemical series.
Gold when left for a long time does not corrode ,
whereas magnesium corrodes easily. Explain.
………………………………………………………………………..
f) Aluminum is situated high in the electrochemical series. But aluminum is
very resistant to corrosion as compared to iron. Explain
………………………………………………………………………………..
Fill in the blanks with suitable words

3. 3
Step 1 (Oxidation)The surface of iron in the middle of water droplet serves as
the anode, where oxidation occurs.
a) What happens to the iron atom here?
……………………………………………………………….
b) Write the half equation for the reaction that occur in a) above
…………………………………………………………………………………
c) Through what substance do the electrons move to? ………………………
d) Through what substance do the iron(II) ions move to? ……………………….
Step 2 (Reduction) the Iron surface serves as cathode where reduction occur
e) Where do the electrons that are released by iron flow to? And why?

4. 4
………………………………………………………………………………
f) What happens to the electrons here?
…………………………………………………………………….
g) Write the half equation for the reaction that occur
……………………………………………………………………
h) Where do the hydroxide ions formed in this reaction go to?
…………………………………………………………………………
Step 3 Formation of Voltaic Cell)
a) What happens to the iron(II) ions and the hydroxide ions formed from step 1
and step 2?
…………………………………………………………………………
b) Write the ionic equation for the reaction
………………………………………………………………………….
c) A voltaic cell is formed in this mechanism of rusting. State 2 process that
produce this voltaic cell
i) Through the metal …………………………………………………
ii) Through the water …………………………………………………..
Step 4 Formation of rust
a) What happens to the iron(II) hydroxide formed when exposed to oxygen?
…………………………………………………………………………
b) Write the formula of the rust formed
………………………………………………………………………….
c) State the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent in rusting mechanism
……………………………………………………………………………..

5. 5
Fill in the table below . You may choose answers from the box given
Iron and steel objects, like motorcars, ships, Cans of food
bridges and steel pipes
In machinery
Bumpers of Roofs of houses Blocks of zinc are attached to
motorcars the hull of the ship
To protect underground Knives, spoons, medical instruments,
steel pipelines kitchen sinks
Ways to Methods Where are the method used?
control
rusting
1 Using Covering with paint
2 protective
3 coating
4 Covering with oil and grease
5
Covering with tin(tin plating)
Covering with
chromium(chromium
plating)
Covering with zinc
metal(galvanizing)
6 Sacrificial Using blocks of zinc metal
7 protection
Using blocks of magnesium
metal
8 Alloying Making stainless steel
(alloy)

6. 6
An experiment was done in a lab to investigate factors that affect rust. All the
boiling tubes were left for 3 days
a) After 3 days, it was noticed that in boiling tubes C and D, the potassium
hexacyanoferrate(III) solution changed colour to dark blue. What is the
inference?
……………………………………………………………….
b) In which boiling tubes did iron nails show rusting?
…………………………………………………………..
c) The nails in boiling tubes A and B did not rust. Explain
…………………………………………………………………
d) Explain the function of experiment in E
……………………………………………………………………..
e) Write half reaction for
i) Oxidation in experiment A …………………………………….
ii) Oxidation in experiment C ……………………………………

7. 7
iii) Oxidation in experiment E ……………………………………
f) What type of metals prevent rusting of iron? …………………………..
g) What type of metals encourage rusting of iron?..............................
h) If iron nails are immersed in alkaline solution, the nails do not rust.
Explain
……………………………………………………………………….
i) Calcium is more effective than zinc to prevent rusting
Why do you think steel objects are coated with zinc instead of calcium?
………………………………………………………………………….
j) Explain the followings
i) When a metal corrodes, it undergoes oxidation
…………………………………………………………………
ii) In tin plating, iron can is coated with tin. However as soon as
the can is scratched, rusting will occur quickly
……………………………………………………………………….
iii) In galvanizing, iron is coated with a layer of zinc. When the
galvanized iron is scratched, rusting does not occur.

8. 8
…………………………………………………………………….
Question 1. What is meant by reactivity series of metals?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
Question 2. Arrange the following metals according to the reactivity series, in
descending order
……
Aurum, silver, carbon potassium, magnesium,
…
hydrogen , sodium, mercury, aluminum, zinc,
……
copper, lead, iron, tin
….
……
…
……
….
……
…
……
…
……
…
……
….
Question 3
Which substances react with each other? If the substances react, write chemical equations
a) Na2O + Mg ……………………………………………………….
b) Mg + CuO  ……………………………………………………….
c) C + PbO  …………………………………………………………..
d) H2 + ZnO …………………………………………………………

9. 9
e) Fe + Ag2O …………………………………………………………
f) CaO + Zn ……………………………………………………………
Question 4
Table of extraction of metals
K These metals have very strong attraction towards oxygen, therefore the
Na oxides cannot be reduced by Carbon
Ca
Mg Extraction of metals must be done by electrolysis of molten compounds
Al
C
Zn These metals have weak attraction towards oxygen compared to
carbon, so the ores can be extracted easily by carbon
H
Fe
Reactivity Sn
increases Pb
Cu Weak attraction towards oxygen, therefore heating the oxides in air
Hg can reduce the metals easily
Ag Very weak attraction towards oxygen. Exist as free metals
Au
How are these metals extracted from their ores? Use the table above to help you
a) Zinc from zinc sulphide …………………………………..
b) Iron from iron(III) oxide …………………………………..
c) Copper from copper(II) sulphide …………………………..
d) Aluminum from aluminum oxide ……………………..
e) Tin from tin(IV) oxide …………………………………
f) Gold and silver …………………………………………..
Question 5
Zinc is below magnesium in the reactivity series. Can zinc be extracted from zinc oxide
using magnesium? Explain
………………………………………………………………………………………
Question 6
Why is carbon the preferred element used to reduce metals and not hydrogen or other
metals?

10. 10
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Question 1
Complete the table below for differences between electrolytic cell and chemical cell
Electrolytic cell Chemical cell/voltaic cell
Draw Diagram Example for Example for
Electrolysis of copper(II) sulphate Voltaic cell using copper and zinc as
using carbon electrode electrodes, and copper(II) sulphate
and zinc sulphate as electrolytes
………………………………. ……………………………………..
Presence of
voltmeter or
ammeter? And ……………………………………… ……………………………………..
why?
Change of energy
Positive electrode Negative Positive electrode Negative
electrode electrode
Type of electrode Electrode that is Electrode that is Less More
joined to the joined to the electronegative electronegative
…….. part of the …….. part of the metal becomes +
battery battery electrode
metal becomes -
electrode
Oxidation occur
at ( release e-)
and write half
equation
Reduction occur
at (accept e-)
and write half
equation
Cathode
(area where
electrons are
accepted)
Anode
(area where
electrons are
released)

11. 11
Complete module 3………….Alhamdulillah!!