3. Speaker introduction
• 21 years in IT of which last 16 as an Exchange specialist
• 6 Exchange generations (5.5, 2000, 2003, 2007, 2010, 2013)
• 3,2 million mailboxes
• Exchange User Group Europe - Founder
• 9x Microsoft MVP for Exchange
• Founder and CEO, Exchangemaster GmbH, Zurich, Switzerland
4. Agenda
• Introduction
• Setting you up for working with PowerShell
• PowerShell basics
• Using PowerShell examples in daily Exchange administration
8. PowerShell Plus
• Advantages over built in PowerShell editor
• Advanced Editor
• Code you use everday at hand
• Script sharing with your colleauges
• Profiles
• Modules loading
• Different layouts
• Code signing
19. If you use other scripting languages in addition
to Powershell -
25. Introduction
• How it used to be ....
• Problems of Scripting inWindows enviroment
• Many things could be done through command line
• VBScript – programming knowledge required, knowledge ofVB, WMI,WBEM,ADSI, object
models
• security voulnearable
26. Introduction
• How it is today ...
• Scripting with PowerShell in Exchange
• Command line interface developed first, than GUI
• EVERYTHING can be done via command line
• Exchange managment GUI actually executes PowerShell commands and shows you the
syntax
• Single line commands replace pages ofVB code
• Symple syntax
• Better security – exectution of powershell scripts completely disabled by default, require
scripts to be signed, etc.
29. Why are you going to love PowerShell
•Task example :
• Get a list of mailboxes and export into .csv file
30. Why you are going to love PowerShell
• VBScript
Dim SWBemlocator
Dim objWMIService
Dim colItems
Dim objFSO
Dim objFile
strTitle="Mailbox Report"
strComputer = “MyServer"
UserName = ""
Password = ""
strLog="Report.csv"
Set objFSO=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set objFile=objFSO.CreateTextFile(strLog,True)
strQuery="Select * from Exchange_Mailbox"
Set SWBemlocator = CreateObject("WbemScripting.SWbemLocator")
Set objWMIService = SWBemlocator.ConnectServer(strComputer,"rootMicrosoftExchangeV2",UserName,Password)
Set colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery(strQuery,,48)
For Each objItem In colItems
objFile.writeline objItem.ServerName & "," &objItem.StorageGroupName &_
"," & objItem.StoreName & "," & Chr(34) & objItem.MailboxDisplayName
Next
objFile.close
31. Why you are going to love PowerShell
•PowerShell
Get-mailbox | export-csv c:report.csv
34. Getting help
• List of all available PowerShell commands
Get-Command
• List of only Exchange commands
Get-Excommand
• Getting help about specific command
Get-Help Get-Mailbox
Get-Help Get-Mailbox – detailed
Get-Help Get-Mailbox – full
35. Getting info about users/mailboxes
• List of all mailboxes in organisation
Get-Mailbox
Get-Mailbox -ResultSize unlimited
36. Getting all available properties
Get-Mailbox | Format-List
Get-Mailbox –ResultSize 1 | Format-List
37. Getting just a list of properties names
Get-Mailbox | Get-Member -MemberType *Property |
Select-Object Name
39. Examples
• List all mailboxes, sort by name, and export
into a CSV file
Get-Mailbox | Sort-Object -Property Name |
Export-csv c:mailboxes.csv
• Get a list of mailboxes from Active Directory
OU named Users
Get-Mailbox -OrganizationalUnit Users
40. Examples
• Count mailboxes in organisation
(Get-mailbox).count
• Getting all properties for a specific user
Get-Mailbox | where {$_.DisplayName -eq "Dejan Foro"} |
format-list
• Who is the postmaster ?
Get-Mailbox | where {$_.EmailAddresses -contains
"postmaster@exchangemaster.net"}
41. Examples
• Who is the user with GUID e65a6ff3-d193-4563-9a8e-26a22315a686 ?
Get-Mailbox | where {$_.guid -eq "e65a6ff3-d193-
4563-9a8e-26a22315a686"}
• Who has UM extention 200 ?
Get-Mailbox | where {$_.extensions -contains "200"}
42. Getting info about servers
• Give me a list of Exchange servers
Get-Exchangeserver
Get-ExchangeServer | Select-Object -Property Name, Edition,
AdminDisplayVersion, ServerRole | format-list
43. Examples
• Give me a list of mailbox servers
Get-ExchangeServer | where {$_.ServerRole -ilike "*Mailbox*"}
• Do we have servers running on trial version of Exchange and if yes when do
they expire ?
Get-ExchangeServer | where {$_.IsExchange2007TrialEdition -eq "True"} | Select-
Object -Property FQDN, RemainingTrialPeriod
44. Getting membership of a group
Get-DistributionGroupMember -identity "Swiss IT Pro User Group Moderators"
45. Managing the user lifecycle
• Creating users - Importing from a .csv file
• Modifing users – move to another database
• Removing mailboxes and users
46. Importing users from a .CSV file
• Task
• Import users from a file c:users.csv
• For every user
• Create user account in AD of form First.Last@exchangemaster.net
• Put them in Organizational UnitVIP
• Create a mailbox in database “Standard users”
• Enter his first and last name
• Set all users with password Password123 and require the users to change the password at
first logon
48. Procesing values from a csv file
• Processing each row of data from .CSV file
Import-CSV c:users.csv | ForEach-Object { SOME ACTION}
• Command for creating Users
New-Mailbox
Get-Help New-Mailbox –full
49. Processing values from .CSV file
• Referencing column names from the .CSV file
$_.columnname
• Converting Password text into secure string
$Password = ConvertTo-SecureString -String "Password123" -
asplaintext -force
51. Making changes to users
• Apply policies
• Assing to groups
• Enable or disable features
• Changing attributes
• Moving mailboxes ....
52. Moving mailboxes
• Moving mailoboxes of users in OUVIP to a new database forVIPs
Get-Mailbox -OrganizationalUnit "VIP" | Move-Mailbox -
TargetDatabase "VIP users"
59. Communicating with user from the script
• Prompting user
Write-Host -ForegroundColor red -BackgroundColor yellow
"Formating your drive c: ..."
Write-Host -ForegroundColor blue -BackgroundColor green "Be
cool I am just kidding"
• Getting user input
Read-Host
62. Good Morning Exchange
FAQ 000116 - Good Morning Exchange - doing a quick check on Exchange using
PowerShellhttp://www.exchangemaster.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=247
&Itemid=1&lang=en
It checks the following 3 things on all your Exchange machines:
- Are Exchange services running?
- Are all databases mounted and healty?
- Are E-mails piling up in the queues?
63. Good Morning Exchnage
Checking services...
All Exchange services OK
Checking databases..
All Databases OK
Checking Queues...
All Queues OK
All systems OK, you can have your morning coffee :)
|---|
| |)
|___|
64. Checking services...
All Exchange services OK
Checking databases..
All Databases OK
Checking Queues...
SERVER01
SERVER011448 500
SERVER011478 300
SERVER011485 50
Sorry mate, no coffee for you. There is work to do.
|---|
| |)
|___|
Good Morning Exchnage
65. Did the backup run last night?
• Exchange 2010 backup report
http://www.exchangemaster.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=vie
w&id=251&Itemid=57&lang=en
• Exchange 2007 backup report
http://www.exchangemaster.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=251&Ite
mid=57&lang=en
66. Did the backup run last night ?
Backup Status Report for All Databases in Exchange Organization MAIL
Created on 23.09.2013 15:40:57
Backup Status of Mailbox Databases
Server Name BackupInProgress LastFullBackup LastIncrementalBackup LastDifferentialBackup LastCopyBackup RetainDeletedItemsUntilBackup
-------- ---- ---------------- -------------- --------------------- ---------------------- -------------- -----------------------------
SERVER01 DB01 False 20.09.2013 17:01:35 False
SERVER01 DB02 False 20.09.2013 17:01:35 23.07.2013 18:37:31 False
SERVER02 DB03 False 20.09.2013 17:01:35 23.07.2013 20:19:37 False
SERVER02 DB04 False 20.09.2013 17:01:35 23.07.2013 21:49:31 False
SERVER03 DB05 False 22.09.2013 17:20:02 23.09.2013 12:05:12 False
SERVER03 DB06 False 22.09.2013 17:20:03 23.09.2013 12:05:12 False
SERVER03 DB09 False 22.09.2013 17:20:02 23.09.2013 12:05:12 False
SERVER04 DB07 False 22.09.2013 17:20:03 23.09.2013 12:05:12 False
SERVER04 DB08 False 22.09.2013 17:20:02 23.09.2013 12:05:12 False
Backup Status of Public Folder Databases
Server Name BackupInProgess LastFullBackup LastIncrementalBackup LastDifferentialBackup LastCopyBackup RetainDeletedItemsUntilBackup
-------- ---- --------------- -------------- --------------------- ---------------------- -------------- -----------------------------
SERVER01 Public Folder DB06 22.09.2013 17:20:03 False
SERVER03 Public Folder DB08 20.09.2013 17:01:35 False
67. DAG Maintenance
• Scripts that come with Exchange server
C:Program FilesMicrosoftExchangeServerV14scripts
StartDagServerMaintenance.ps1
StopDagServerMaintenance.ps1
RedistributeActiveDatabases.ps1
69. DAG Maintenance
On the first node
1) execute
.StartDagServerMaintenance.ps1 -ServerName Exchange01
2) Do your maintenance (patching, whatever) on the first node
Exchange01 Exchange02
DAG01
DB01
DB02
DB03
DB04
DB01
DB02
DB03
DB04
70. DAG Maintenance
3) After maintenance is completed
.StopDagServerMaintenance.ps1 -ServerName Exchange01
Exchange01 Exchange02
DAG01
DB01
DB02
DB03
DB04
DB01
DB02
DB03
DB04
71. DAG Maintenance
4) On the second node
.StartDagServerMaintenance.ps1 -ServerName Exchange02
5)Do the patching
Exchange01 Exchange02
DAG01
DB01
DB02
DB03
DB04
DB01
DB02
DB03
DB04
72. DAG Maintenance
6) On the second node
.StopDagServerMaintenance.ps1 -ServerName Exchange02
74. Compare Services
• Computer1: SERVER01
• Computer2: SERVER02
• SystemName DisplayName StartMode State Status
• ---------- ----------- --------- ----- ------
• SERVER01 Application Management Manual Running OK
• SERVER02 Application Management Manual Stopped OK
• SERVER01 PsKill Manual Stopped OK
• SERVER01 WinHTTP Web Proxy Auto-Discovery Service Manual Running OK
• SERVER02 WinHTTP Web Proxy Auto-Discovery Service Manual Stopped OK
75. PowerShell books – Lite
• Frank Koch, Microsoft Switzerland
• German version
• English version
76. PowerShell books – medium
• PowerShell documentation Pack
• Manuals that comes with Powershell
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=b4720b00-9a66-430f-bd56-
ec48bfca154f&DisplayLang=en
77. PowerShell books – medium
• PowerShell documentation Pack
• Manuals that comes with Powershell
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=b4720b00-9a66-430f-bd56-
ec48bfca154f&DisplayLang=en