2. Safety Procedures
Clean work area free of dust and food
Never open a monitor
Remove jewelry and watches
Turn power off and remove power plug
Fire extinguisher available
Use anti static mat and wrist strap
Hold cards by edges/avoid touching chips
Put components on non conductive surface
Do not use magnetized screw drivers
3. Electrostatic Discharge
If you notice it, it’s at least 2000 volts
Charge of 200 volts can damage components
Keep all components in anti-static bags
Humidity above 50%
Use grounded mats (workbench and floor)
Use wrist straps
Periodically touch unpainted grounded metal
computer parts to lower the body’s static
energy
4. Keeping an Inventory
Document all components, parts purchased
Use an inventory checklist
May be difficult to recall later
Will be helpful in locating and downloading
device drivers
Note specific warranty info
Save specifics about installation and
maintenance requirements so warranties will be
valid
Use small box to hold all manuals and disks
Label box for specific computer
Store in secure place
5. Choosing a computer case and
system unit
Case
Allows easy access to
internal components
Provides room for expansion
ATX form factor
Available desk top space
LED indicators on front
Dust filters if area where
computer to be used is dusty
Power supply
Minimum 250
watts
ATX
Single 20 pin
Fan pulls air
through case
from front to
back
6. Preparing to install
Motherboard
Review the motherboard location map
Configure the motherboard
Install the CPU, heat sink and fan, RAM
Connect power supply cables to
motherboard power connectors and misc.
connectors to correct switches and lights
Set the system BIOS
7. Configuring the processor
Set jumper settings
for appropriate
frequency
Ensure the CPU
used supports the
BUS speed and the
CPU clock speed of
Motherboard
8. Installing the CPU
ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) trait on nearly all socket 7 and
similar types
Inspect pins for damage
Locate pin 1 on both chip and socket
Open the ZIF socket (raise lever)
Insert processor (should easily slide on)
Make sure there is not a gap between bottom of chip and
socket
Push lever down
Set CPU voltage jumper settings if necessary (Pentium II
and later CPU’s adjust automatically to voltage)
9. Install Heat Sink and Fan
Attach fan to heat sink if not already
attached
Apply thin layer of compound to chip
surface
Attach heat sink by placing squarely
on top of processor and press down
gently
Bend clips in place to hold sink
Make sure there is good contact
between sink and Chip surface
Wipe off any excess compound
Plug power cord from fan to fan
power pins on motherboard
10. Install RAM
Two types RAM used on
most PC’s
DDR1
DDR2
Look at motherboard map to
determine which bank to
place DIMM 1 module in
Orient the Dimm chip over
the slot (keyed) and insert
into slot
Lock in place by closing
levers
11. Installing the Motherboard
Position case for easy access, locate holes on
motherboard and corresponding holes on case
Insert spacers that came with motherboard into
holes on case and install plastic standoffs into holes
on motherboard
Carefully slide the board into the case, lining up
holes
Tighten board to case with screws
Verify that the back of the motherboard is not
touching the case, all slots and connectors line up
properly, board is securely held in place, and board
does not bend when pressed
12. Attaching LEDs, key lock and
speaker
Use motherboard manual as a guide for
proper placement
Turbo LED (mainly legacy item)
Power LED
Hard drive activity LED
Key lock switch (common with older
systems, rare now; prevented BIOS
meddling)
PC speaker
13. Connect power supply cables
AT motherboard
Locate two large wire leads from power supply
(P8 and P9)
Locate 12 pin power connector on motherboard
Plug P8 and P9 into connector
Be sure black wires are in the middle beside one
another
ATX motherboard
Attach the connector that is keyed to fit only one
way into the motherboard connector
14. Attach hard drive and CD-ROM
Use separate IDE cables if possible and set both jumpers to
Master (or single on the hard drive if available)
If sharing an IDE cable, set the hard drive to Master and the CD-
ROM to slave
Install hard drive away from power supply which can act like a
magnet and destroy data
Keep hard drive near front of case to benefit from air drawn into
case and keep away from other hardware
Slide drive into selected drive rail and screw drive into place
Attach ribbon cable to the primary controller of the motherboard
and attach power cord
Follow with CD-ROM installation and attach to secondary
controller of the motherboard
15. Installing a video card
Use AGP expansion slot if
available, otherwise use PCI or ISA
Remove slot insert and insert
video card by aligning pins and
gently applying pressure
Secure to case with a screw
Some motherboards have built-in
video. If you want to install an
external card then you must
disable the built in video in the
CMOS
AGP VIDEO CARD
16. Post Assembly Checklist
All expansion cards are fully inserted
CPU fan is attached to power
The 110/220 volt switch is configured properly
Drives are connected to power
Ribbon cables are attached correctly
Fans are free from interference from wires
CPU voltage settings are correctly configured
Power switch is off and power supply connectors are
connected properly to motherboard
All connections are tight
Pins are properly aligned
Close the case before booting
Connect keyboard, mouse and monitor and plug in AC power