Fraga, Luis R. (2009). United States Government. Holt/McDougal. PowerPoint Accompaniment to Chapter. **adapted

3. 1. Limited Government * There is a limit to what government can do because individuals have rights. *First seen as far back as 1215 in the English Magna Charta. *Taken directly from Magna Charta – a. trial by jury of peers (6 th amendment) b. limits on taxation c. some aspects of religious freedom (1 st amendment) 2. Representative Government 3. Individual Liberty 4. Rule by Law

5. Cradle of American Democracy

9. Summarizing How did limited government develop in England? Answer(s): through the Glorious Revolution and the English Bill of Rights

12. Contrasting How were charter colonies and royal colonies different? Answer(s): charter colonies—largely self-governing; royal colonies—directly controlled by the Crown through an appointed governor

15. Summarizing What intellectual influences shaped the Framers’ views on republicanism? Answer(s): Greece and Rome; Machiavelli’s Discourses on Livy ; Montesquieu’s Spirit of the Laws

18. The Colonies Become States

23. Summarizing What forms of protest did the colonists use to oppose British policies? Answer(s): boycotts, rallies, pamphlets, letter-writing campaigns

25. Making Inferences According to Paine, why was independence “common sense”? Answer(s): It was “common sense” to break away from the abuse of English rule.

28. Summarizing How did John Locke’s ideas inspire the Declaration of Independence? Answer(s): Locke’s beliefs in natural rights and that a government must have the consent of the people

31. Summarizing What ideas about government did state constitutions experiment with? Answer(s): Self-government, limiting the power of the executive branch, separation of powers, and individual rights

34. States Become Nation

38. Summarizing How did national and state powers differ under the Articles? Answer(s): National powers were limited and specifically cited in the Articles of Confederation. State powers were all the other powers that were not specifically cited.

40. Summarizing What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? Answer(s): It had no executive or judicial branch; the Confederation could not levy taxes, enforce its laws, or regulate commerce between states; all states had to agree before the Articles could be changed.

44. Identifying Cause and Effect What events caused leaders to want to revise the Articles of Confederation? Answer(s): Shays’s Rebellion; interstate trade disputes; inability to levy taxes and pay war debts

47. Crafting a More Perfect Union

50. Drawing Conclusions Why did the delegates want to keep the proceedings quiet? Answer(s): so delegates would be able to speak their minds freely

54. Contrasting How did the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan differ? Answer(s): Representation in both houses in the Virginia Plan’s legislature was based on population, whereas each state received one vote in the New Jersey Plan’s unicameral legislature.

58. Summarizing What compromises made the Constitution possible? Answer(s): Compromises included the Three-fifths Compromise, the Great Compromise, compromises over the Atlantic slave trade, and the election of the president.

62. The Fight for Ratification

66. Contrasting Over what issues did Antifederalists and Federalists disagree? Answer(s): strength of federal government; restructuring of Congress; power of executive branch; necessity of bill of rights

69. Making Inferences Why were the Federalist Papers written? Answer(s): to win public support for ratification of the Constitution

72. Making Inferences How did the promise to add a bill of rights to the Constitution influence the ratification process? Answer(s): Some states would not agree to ratification without the promise of a bill of rights.

73. Landmark Supreme Court Cases Schenck v. United States (1919) Why It Matters: Are the rights outlined in the Bill of Rights guaranteed absolutely? The Supreme Court’s decision in Schenck v. United States considered what limits, if any, could be set on free speech without violating the individual freedoms outlined in the First Amendment.