Alternative Plan 2.0 (대안 代案) Environmentally Friendly Agriculture 친환경유기농 Organic Wholefood/ Slow food 유기자연식품/슬로우 푸드 Strict GMO Labeling System 엄격한 GMO 표시제 Non-GMO Project Verified 가공식품에 대한 비GMO 인증표시 운동 (생산자·유통업계 자율) Food, Justice and Peace in Asia 食糧, 正義 그리고 平和 Keynote Speech, 2013 AsiO Gusto, Namyangju City, Korea, Oct. 2-5, 2013 By Kim Sung-Hoon (金成勳), Ph.D Chairman emeritus of Korea Slow Food Culture Center Ex-minister of Agriculture & Forestry

1. Food, Justice and Peace in Asia
食糧, 正義 그리고 平和
By
Kim Sung-Hoon (金成勳), Ph.D
Chairman emeritus of Korea Slow Food Culture Center
Ex-minister of Agriculture & Forestry
Keynote Speech, 2013 AsiO Gusto, Namyangju City, Korea, Oct. 2-5, 2013

2. Prologue:
Oriental Culture & Philosophy on Food
東洋의 食文化·哲學
AxiomⅠ
To be a real good human-being(良人), he/she
must eat(食) everyday a certain amount of
food(糧). Family member(食口) means Food-
Sharing Mouth.
2

3. Human
Good
Rice
Daily food
A certain amount
Family
mouth
※ To be a good human being, a certain amount of
food(rice) must be provided.
3

4. Axiom Ⅱ
Peace (和平 or 平和) implies the state of
fair food sharing among needy people;
literally translated, Rice (禾) eating mouths
(口) should be treated Fair and Even (平).
4

5. Paddy
(rice) mouth
Peace
Even
※ 和平 = 平和 →Peace:
State of Food Evenly Distributed among Many
Mouths. 5

6. Axiom Ⅲ
The Great King Sejong(1397-1450, AD)
said, “The Origin(source) of a Nation is
People. People behold Food as their
Heaven. Therefore, the Nation must take
care of Food and Agriculture with its
utmost.
百姓은 나라(國家)의 根本이요, 食은 百姓의
하늘(天)이다. 故로 國家는 農業과 食糧에
全心全力해야 한다. (世宗大王 頒布)
6

7. 7
ⅰ) 食醫同源:
The sources of food and medicine/disease are the same,
ⅱ) 身土不二:
The nature of human bodily structure is not far from
that of the earth soil and climate where he is grown.
ⅲ) 都農不二:
Farming could not be isolated from urban life.
ⅵ) 配慮와 나눔: Care and Sharing
① sowing 3 seeds in a hole for nature and human being,
② sharing first harvest food and first produced food
with neighbors, ③ 慶州 崔富者宅 遺訓
Axiom Ⅳ: 傳統 民間 思想

8. Axiom Ⅴ: You Are What You Eat
Junk/Frankenstein/
GMO Foods

9. To age gracefully, Eat organic/living
Slow Food like Soybean Paste/Kimchi!
9
Axiom Ⅵ

10. Ceramic Jars Containing Various Fermented
Food: Living Microogarnism
10

11. World Food & Agriculture, 世界食糧事情
FAO Statistical Yearbook 2013
1) During 2010-2012, about 12.5%(868
million prs.) of the total world population
suffering from starvation/ malnutrition,
who mostly reside in developing countries,
Africa and Asia.
• 現 世界 人口의 12.5%(8億6千8百萬名)가
飢餓 및 營養不良狀態, 主로 亞阿 開途國.
11

12. 2) Also, 26%(1.8 billion prs.)of children in
South-east Asia and Africa are being
stunted in their growth, whereas 1.4
billion persons in developed countries
are overweight or obese.
亞阿 兒童 26%(1億8千萬名)이 發育不振
狀態, 反面 主로 先進國 14億名이 過體重
또는 肥滿症 患者임.
12

13. Syria Case
• At present about 4 millions people
in Syria are facing with starvation
due to internal warfare!!
4百萬名의 시리아 國民들이 內戰으로 現
在 飢餓死 直面.
13

14. UNICEF/WFP/WHO and
North Korea CBS (北韓 中
央統計局) report in March,
2013:
27.9% (476 thousand prs.)
of children under the age of
5 are suffering from chronic
malnutrition/stunting ( 慢 性
營養失調, 成長遲滯), 15.2%
low weight ( 低 體 重 ) and
28.7% anemia(貧血症)
North Korea Case
14

15. 3) World grain production increased 3 times
during the past 5 decades largely owing to
yield increase per hectare. Thus the per
capita food supply increased 2,200 kcal per
day in 1960’s to 2,800 kcal per day in 2009
with the highest increase in Europe.
世界 穀物生産은 지난 50年間 3倍 增加. 主로
段數增大와 유럽 主導. 世界 人口 1인당 1일
食品供給量은 1960年代의 2,200 kcal에서
2009年 2,800 kcal로 증가.
15

16. 4) Grain production in the world covers more than
a half of total cultivated land area and amounts
to approximately 2.3 billion M/T, of which 1.0
billion for human direct consumption, 0.75 billion
for animal feeds and 0.5 billion for industry,
seeds and wastes.
※ It is reported in Korea that about 18 trillion won
worth (US$ 1.8 million approx.) foods are
annually left-over wasted!!
世界的으로 貴重한 食糧과 食品이 殘飯으로 버려
지고 있는 가운데, 韓國은 年間 18兆원의 飮食物
이 殘飯處理 되고 있슴.
16

17. • Dangerously small
margin between grain
consumption and grain
production
• Now we face long-term
trends that:
– increase food
demand
– limit food production
世界 穀物 生産·消費 推移, 1960-2011
We are only one poor harvest away from chaos in
world grain markets. - Lester R. Brown
Photo Credit: iStockPhoto / Tobias Helbig
17
Precarious Global Food Situation
-危殆로운 地球村 食糧事情-

18. World-wide Zero Hunger Challenge:
Goals and Performance
世界 飢餓退治 運動: 目標와 成果
1) MDG No. 1 새 千年 開發目標 第1號
Based on the criteria set-out by 2000 UN
General Assembly, 20 countries reached
the target goal of reducing a half of
general hungry people during the period
of 1990-1992 and 2010-12. In Asia are
included Bangladesh, Cambodia,
Indonesia, Jordan and Maldives.
18

19. 2) WFS Goal + MDG No. 1
世界 食糧頂上會議 + 새千年開發 目標
180 World Food Summits gathered at FAO
in 1965 to set up the reduction of
absolute hunger by a half during the
same period above. 18 countries
including Thailand, Vietnam, Samoa,
Kirghiztan in Asia achieved the goals in
2012.
19

20. Evaluation
1) Food System의 失敗
• And yet, 852 million people, 15% of developing countries
and 1.6 million people in developed countries are still
suffering from starvation/malnutrition in 2012. Main
reason behind this is the lack of access to resources and
services needed for production, purchase and/or secure
nutritious food by the most of needy households.
• 아직도 8億6千8百萬名이 苦痛 받고 있는데 그들 大部分의 家計들이 營養價 있는 食糧
의 生産 또는 購買나 確保를 위한 資源과 Services에 대한 接近性이 制約돼 있기 때문
이다. 食品 System이 超國境 食糧/食品 大企業들에 의한 Corporatocracy (企業國家主
義)로 企業 偏向的임.
20

21. 21
2) An Era of Rising Food Prices 食品價格上昇時代
• 2007-08: Grain and soybean prices more than doubled,
leading to food riots and unrest in some 60 countries
• Prices eased somewhat with global recession
• 2010-11: Another price spike helped fuel the Arab Spring
• 2012: Prices again approaching or setting records
Corn Futures Prices Wheat Futures Prices Soybean Futures Prices
Source: CME Group
- Lester B. Brown

22. Year
Foodgrai
n
Meats Dairy Grain Fats Sugar
2003 97.7 96.8 95.1 98.1 100.8 100.6
2008 199.8 153.2 219.6 237.8 227.2 181.6
2013 213.1 178.6 227.0 242.4 202.1 258.3
Increase
(times)
2.18 1.86 2.39 2.47 2.0 2,57
World Yearly food Price Index (as 2002~2004=100), FAO
世界 食糧 價格指數 變動
3) Agflation 現象의 常在化
22

23. 4) Korea’s Self-Sufficiency Rate of Foodgrain
Production in 2011 (韓國의 食糧(穀物) 自給率, 2011)
Commodity Self Sufficiency Commodity Self Sufficiency
Rice 83 % Barley 22.5 %
Wheat 1.1 % Corn 0.8%
Pulse 6.4 % Potatoes 97 %
Others 6.7 %
All foodgrains: 22.6 % (lowest among OECD member countries)
23

24. 5) Trends of Korean Government’s Annual
Budget, 2005-2012, 2005～2012
(農林水産 豫算)
Year 2005 2007 2009 2011 2012
Nation
Total (A)
2,096,000 2,384,000 2,845,000 3,091,000 3,254,000
Agri,
Forestry,
Fishery &
Foods (B)
124,374 135,539 146,363 148,644 154,083
% (B/A) 5.9 % 5.7 % 5.1 % 4.8 % 4.7 %
unit: billion원, %
24

25. 美國民의 60%가 過體重 또
는 肥滿症 (2010年 資料)
6) Obesity In America, By The Numbers

26. Crops. Total (A) GMO area (B) Rate (B/A)
Corn 39 million ㏊ 34.32 million ㏊ 88 %
Soybean 30.8 28.64 96 %
Cotton 5.09 4.78 94 %
Sugar 0.5 0.485 97 %
Canola 0.66 0.631 93 %
(2012)7)

27. 8) Mystery? Where Are they Gone?
• 2012年 現在 韓國에 美國産 beef
15萬M/T 以上 輸入, 現在 市場占有率도 40%...
그 많은 미국산 쇠고기는 어디로 갔나?
• 2) 2012年 韓國은 GMO 穀物 784萬M/T
(그중 食用은 192萬M/T) 輸入... 그런데 大企業
生産 加工 食品에는 거의 GMO 使用을
表示하지 않고 있다.
다 어디로 갔나?

28. Alternative Plan 2.0 (代案)
• Environmentally Friendly Agriculture
• Organic Wholefood/ Slow food
• Strict GMO Labeling System
• Non-GMO Project Verified
 親環境 有機農, 슬로우 푸드, 嚴格한 GMO 表示制,
加工食品에 對한 非GMO 認證표시 運動 (生産者·流
通업계 自律)
28

29. Wholefood Markets in Canada and U.S.A.
29

30. Redefining Security
새로운 食糧安保 槪念 = 食糧主權
• Historically, security has been defined mostly
in military terms.
• But today climate volatility, emerging water
shortages, spreading hunger, and failing
states are the new threats to survival.
• Food security is not just in the hands of
agricultural departments.
• The challenge is to reorder fiscal and policy
priorities to match these new dangers.
• New concept of “National Food Sovereignty” is
needed.
Photo Credit: Yann Arthus-Bertrand
30

31. Let’s Prevent Breakdown of Asia’s Food Culture
and Sovereignty!
AsiO 食文化와 주권의 崩壞를 막아내자!
• Preventing a food breakdown requires a huge
political effort undertaken on many fronts and
with a fierce sense of urgency.
• Make sure your elected officials know what’s
important.
– The overriding priority is redefining security
and reallocating fiscal resources accordingly
• Take action in an area that concerns or excites
you.
Photo Credit: iStockPhoto / kryczka
31
Thank You Very Much