Design of a sustainable commercial as a part of Sustainable Design Challenge in CEA Fest 2014 at IIT Madras.

1. Sustainability Design
Challenge
Team Chingari
Dhruv Gulati
Neelotpal Shukla
Nijansh Verma

2. The design philosophy and general overview
PHILOSOPHY

3. Design Philosophy
• Practicality
• System design, not component design. The
system as a whole should be sustainable
and energy efficient.
• Efficiency of the design allows for the
resolution of all possible issues however,
trade-off guidelines have been provided to
resolve conflicts.

4. Details about the structure and salient features
BUILDING UNIT

5. 8 – House
The building units that will be used are 8
Houses, designed by Bjarke Ingels, founding
partner of the Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG).
Original Design
Residential space – 61,000 m2
Retail space – 10,000 m2

6. 8 – House
The building units that will be used are 8
Houses, designed by Bjarke Ingels, founding
partner of the Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG).
Proposed Solution
Retail space – 61,000 m2
Office space – 10,000 m2

7. 8 – House Details
10 Floors
3335
Parking: Basement
Footprint
1000
2
m
Area Available for
Rainwater Harvesting
2
m
2000
Total rooftop area
for Solar Paneling
2
m

8. Solution Proposal
26
104 10
Large spaces
Small spaces
25m X 21m
15m X 5m
per floor available
per floor available
on 3 floors.
on 7 floors.
Cafeterias/
Lounges
Located in the
knot of each floor

9. Salient Features
• The primary structure has been constructed
using a modified concrete mix. A large portion
of the fine aggregates in the mix have been
substituted by crushed plastics from PET
bottles and coconut fibres which are locally
available in abundance.
• The walls have been constructed with a cavity
of 8 cm. in between two layers of concrete.
• Solar energy powered street lights.
• Pervious concrete pavements.

10. Site plan, sections, floor plans and 3-D models
DRAWINGS AND MODELS

11. Site Plan
Prevailing wind direction in Chennai during the summer months of
June and July is SW. Secondary winds are received from the South
or SW direction during the months of March, April and May.

12. Section along length
Staggered design which allows for
maximum possible daylight penetration

13. Section Along A Wing
Retail
Spaces
Office Spaces
Parking

14. Floor Plan – Office Spaces

15. Floor Plan – Retail Spaces

16. 3-D Model – Building

17. 3-D Model
Corner
Office
Space

18. 3-D Model
Cafeteria

19. Calculations for natural and artificial lighting
LIGHTING

20. Overview
• The Small units are present on higher floors where enough
sunlight can reach and therefore, 50% of the demand has
been met through natural lighting design while the
remaining has been met through artificial sources.
• Demand from Large units met entirely through artificial
sources.
• Luminaires use 3M LED Advanced Lights fittings.
http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/LEDAdvancedLight/Home/Retail/

21. Artificial Lighting
Design procedure mentioned in SP: 32 followed.
Establishment
of
Requirements
Large: 500 lux
Small (till 8th):
250 lux
Small (9th and
10th): 500 lux
Luminaire
Output
Characteristics
Power input: 34 W
Initial illumination
output: 1800 lumens
Calculation of
Room Indices
Large: 11.41
Small: 3.75
Calculation of
number of
luminaires
Large: 228
Small (till 8th): 17
Small (9th and 10th): 34

22. Natural Lighting
Design procedure mentioned in IS 2440 – 1975 followed.
Establishment of
Requirements
Small (till 8th):
250 lux
Small (9th and
10th): 500 lux
Calculation of
Daylight Factor
Small (till 8th):
3.125
Small (9th and 10th):
6.25
Calculation of
Number of
Fenestrations
Small (till 8th): 2
Small (9th and 10th): 3
Fenestration size of 1.5m X 1.5m and testing point 3m on the horizontal plane at
sill height of 1m considered for calculation purposes.

23. Other Features
Accent and Egress lighting.
Calculations for these not included in the artificial lighting section.

24. Other Features
Exterior Light Shelves in Hallways

25. Calculations for heat gain and no. of conditioning units
required
AIR CONDITIONING

26. Heat Gain
The design procedure mentioned in SP: 32 followed.

27. Heat Gain
The design procedure mentioned in SP: 32 followed.
Solar Heat Gain
Artificial Heat Gain
4350 kW
3525.6 kW

28. Heat Gain
The design procedure mentioned in SP: 32 followed.
Solar Heat Gain
Artificial Heat Gain
4350 kW
3525.6 kW
Total Heat Gain
7875.6 kW

29. Conditioning Units
Bluestar s Modular
Outdoor Units
IVRF – 16T
have been used as the choice of
air – conditioning units.

30. Conditioning Units
Bluestar s Modular
Outdoor Units
IVRF – 16T
153540
have been used as the choice of
air – conditioning units.
for cooling.
BTU/h value of

31. Conditioning Units
Bluestar s Modular
Outdoor Units
IVRF – 16T
153540
have been used as the choice of
air – conditioning units.
for cooling.
BTU/h value of
No. of units required = 175

32. Sources of energy and embodied energy
ENERGY

33. Primary Source
Molten Carbonate
Fuel Cells
that run on digester gas and are
capable of producing
700 kW.

34. Primary Source
Molten Carbonate
4 units and
Fuel Cells
that run on digester gas and are
8 working hours,
capable of producing
total energy produced:
700 kW.
22400 kWh

35. Primary Source
Molten Carbonate
4 units and
Fuel Cells
that run on digester gas and are
8 working hours,
capable of producing
total energy produced:
700 kW.
22400 kWh
Capable of meeting energy demands by itself.

36. Secondary Source
Solar Photo
Voltaic panelling
Total energy produced by
2000 m2 of Solar PV panels
operating at 12% efficiency:
1076.4 kWh.

37. Secondary Source
Solar Photo
Voltaic panelling
Total energy produced by
2000 m2 of Solar PV panels
operating at 12% efficiency:
1076.4 kWh.
Capable of meeting
89%
of demand working alongside
3 MCFC units.

38. Secondary Source
Solar Photo
Voltaic panelling
Total energy produced by
2000 m2 of Solar PV panels
operating at 12% efficiency:
1076.4 kWh.
Capable of meeting
89%
of demand working alongside
3 MCFC units.
Can be used to provide power to critical
systems at all times.

39. Embodied Energy
Embodied energy of materials
and construction per square
foot of construction is
specified to be
1640 MBTU/ft2
for office buildings.

40. Embodied Energy
Embodied energy of materials
and construction per square
foot of construction is
specified to be
1640 MBTU/ft2
for office buildings.
15% decrease
is expected since a large
portion of the cement in
concrete has been
replaced by plastics and
coconut fibres.

41. Embodied Energy
Embodied energy of materials
and construction per square
foot of construction is
specified to be
1640 MBTU/ft2
for office buildings.
15% decrease
is expected since a large
portion of the cement in
concrete has been
replaced by plastics and
coconut fibres.
The estimated embodied energy of the 8 – House is
1,065,350,560 MBTU.

42. Waste management technology and calculations
WASTE MANAGEMENT

43. Liquid Waste Management
Assuming a demand of
55 lpcd and 85%
conversion to waste, the
total waste generated =
56,100
litres/day.

44. Liquid Waste Management
Assuming a demand of
55 lpcd and 85%
conversion to waste, the
total waste generated =
Can very easily be met by a product
Headworks Integrated
Treatment* (HIT)
System™ developed by
Headworks BIO that has a capacity of
56,100
100,000
litres/day.
litres/day.
*HIT system is an MBBR.

45. Construction, finishing, servicing costs and comparison
COSTS

46. Construction Cost
The cost of concrete for
casting floor slabs,
beams, columns, piles
and pile caps is
INR 5.45 crores.
Approximately 19,000
m3 of concrete used.

47. Construction Cost
The cost of concrete for
casting floor slabs,
beams, columns, piles
and pile caps is
INR 5.45 crores.
Approximately 19,000
m3 of concrete used.
Excavation costs for
approximately
11,000 m3 of soil is
13.7 lakhs.

48. Coconut Timber Flooring for Office Spaces

49. Versacork™ for
Bathroom Flooring

50. Strandwoven™ Timber
for Cafeteria Flooring

51. Textura™ Walls

52. Interior Finishing - Cost
A net cost of INR 4.3 crores has been incurred
in providing finishes to the floors and walls.
Space
Area (m2)
Material
Floor
10000 Coconut timber
Walls
21528 Textura
Unit Cost (INR/m2) Cost (INR)
2250
22500000
475
10225800
Cafeteria
2000 Strandwoven timber
2500
5000000
Washrooms
2500 Versacork
1750
4375000
Total
36028
42100800

53. Infrastructure Cost
Item/Facility
3M LED Advanced Lights
SGG Planitherm
Bluestar IVRF – 16T
MCFC
Solar PV panels
HIT system
4CH Channel CCTV DVR H.264 Network Digital
Video Recorder
SONY CCD 480 TVL CCTV Dome 24 IR Security
Camera
Communication Network
Miscellaneous
Total
Nos.
Unit Cost
Cost
219648
2054
175
4
1075
1
895
1675
76880
1981000
8000
630000
196584960
3440450
13454000
7924000
8600000
630000
250
2950
737500
1000
1
1
900
2500000
10000000
900000
2500000
10000000
244770910
Total cost incurred is INR 24.5 crores.
This is 43% of the total project cost.

54. Energy Audit
After considering a 65%
installation/labour cost,
the total cost of the
building comes out to
be INR 56.6 crores or
INR 7965.65
per square meter.

55. Energy Audit
After considering a 65%
installation/labour cost,
the total cost of the
building comes out to
be INR 56.6 crores or
INR 7965.65
per square meter.
This is only
40%
of the conventional
building cost.

56. Energy Audit
Lighting
8 - House
HVAC
Construction
Energy
Conventional Design
Waste
Other
0
Unit
Lighting
10000
20000
Conventional Design
30000
40000
50000
8 - House
% Improvement
7750
2768
64
HVAC
190
190
0
Construction
927
788
15
Energy
262
233
11
Waste
9
9
0
Other
10862
3977
63
Total
20000
7965
60

57. Checklist
 Provide office spaces. Required: 20 m2, provided: 60 m2.
 Provide cafeterias. Required: 1500 m2,provided: 2000 m2.
 Provide gardens. 2 gardens each of 500 m2 have been provided.
 Total plot area is 7000 m2. The footprint of the building is 4335 m2. This is
marginally over the limit at 61.9%. However, 1000 m2 is in the form of gardens,
the concrete footprint of the building is only 47.6% of the plot area.
 Provide site plan, floor plan and elevations.
 Prepare a 3-D model on software of choice.
 Provide energy calculations showing difference in energy.
 Include embodied energy in calculations and comparisons.

58. References
•
http://www.nrel.gov/hydrogen/proj_fc_systems_analysis.html
•
http://www.bluestarindia.com/products/central-acs/vrf-acs-sys-inverter.asp
•
http://www.headworksinternational.com/biological-wastewatertreatment/compact-wastewater-treatment.aspx
•
http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/LEDAdvancedLight/Home/Retail/
•
http://www.sustainableflooring.com/
•
http://www.thegreenestbuilding.org/
•
http://www.calculator.net/concrete-calculator.html

59. Questions?
THANK YOU