1. by: Nindy Nurdianty Chemical Bonding

2. What is Hemoglobin? Hemoglobin is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells of vertebrates, and the tissues of some invertebrates. http://www.clarian.org/ADAM/doc/graphics/images/en/19510.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobin

3. How is hemoglobin important in the transport of oxygen in our body? Hemoglobin is important in the transport of oxygen in our body because hemoglobin is used by the body to take oxygen from the lungs (where there is a lot of it) to places like our muscles (which are low in oxygen). http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/mole00/mole00765.htm http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:otp8a0BNby7w0M:http://www.oneminutecureforalldiseases.com/DissociationHemoglobinOxygen.jpg

4. Why is the transport of oxygen by hemoglobin a real-life example of chemical bonding? It’s a real-life example because hemoglobin has the ability to bind to oxygen just like two pure substance bind to each other. http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/Molbio/MolStudents/spring2003/Stonestreet/Hemoglobinpage.htm http://www.molecularstation.com/molecular-biology-images/data/505/hemoglobin-state-transition.gif

5. How is hemoglobin related to a successful climb to the top of Mt. Everest? It related to a successful climb because your lung will produce more hemoglobin which increases the amount of oxygen to the tissue, which allow you to climb higher and higher. http://www.slideshare.net/rwal1424/mt-everest-presentation http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~shres20e/classweb/web_pictures/Mount_Everest.jpg

6. What does pH have to do with the transport of oxygen by hemoglobin? The ability of each hemoglobin molecule to carry oxygen is normally modified by altered blood pH or CO2. http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:wWY8YHcbr1wkQM:http://www.marietta.edu/~mcshaffd/aquatic/sextant/resphem.gif http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobin

7. What is blood dropping? Blood doping refers to a handful of techniques used to increase an individual's oxygen-carrying red blood cells, and in turn, improve athletic performance. http://www.livescience.com/mysteries/080810-llm-blood-doping.html http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_ua8ycqfc4ok/RqYuv3a5GbI/AAAAAAAAAMo/kohN2oQ5fys/s320/drugs+in+the+Tour+de+France.jpg

8. What is the difference between autologous and homologous blood doping? Autologous blood doping is when the blood is frozen until 1-2 days before the competition, when it is thawed and injected back into the athlete. Homologous doping is the injection of fresh blood, removed from a second person, straight into the athlete. http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:QmpYxGmOZV4XfM:http://repairstemcell.files.wordpress.com/2009/05/white-blood-cells-with-legs.jpg http://www.teachpe.com/drugs/doping.php

9. What is EPO and why is it used? EPO is a genetically-engineered version of a natural hormone made by the kidney that stimulates bone marrow to make red blood cells. http://whyfiles.org/090doping_sport/3.html http://www.pezcyclingnews.com/photos/features/bloke/epo.jpg

11. Artificial Oxygen carriers are the only form of blood doping which have a medical use. They were developed for use in emergencies when there is no time for determining and cross-matching a patients blood-type for transfusion,http://www.teachpe.com/drugs/doping.php http://www.yourperformance.co.uk/images/15043.jpg http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8926864

12. Why is blood doping used in sport? Blood doping is used in sport because it can improve an athlete's ability to perform sub maximal. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8926864

13. First documented example of blood doping used in sport According to Russian investigators, 19-year-old New York Rangers prospect and Russian hockey player Alexei Cherepanov was engaged in blood doping for several months before he died on October 13, 2008, after collapsing on the bench during a game in Russia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_doping http://i.esmas.com/image/0/000/006/484/370x270cherepanov.jpg

14. Second documented example of blood doping used in sport The German speed skater and five-fold Olympic gold medalist Claudia Pechstein was banned for two years in 2009 for alleged blood doping, based on irregular levels of reticulocytes in her blood

15. What are the side effects of blood doping? Injecting blood doping chemicals can cause kidney damage, jaundice (the skin, eyes and body fluids turn yellow) and blood clots. Re-injecting blood from an athlete's own body can cause blood infections and heart problems. http://www.kidzworld.com/article/1832-blood-doping-in-sports-athletes-cheating http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:zfgIbCO-EWb2TM:http://www.takver.com/epstein/cartoons/Merinda_Epstein_side_effects.jpg