3. "Intelligence, as a hypothetical construct, is the aggregate or global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment” - Wechsler What is Intelligence?
4. What is Intelligence? Although experts differ on an exact definition of intelligence most agree that intelligent behavior has at least two components: 1. The ability to learn from experience. 2. The ability to adapt to the surrounding environment.
5. Factors of General Intelligence Tests 1. Verbal Comprehension - vocabulary, verbal analogies 2. Number -- mathematical operations 3. Space - visual-spatial and mental transformation 4. Associative Memory -- rote memory 5. Perceptual Speed -- quickness in noticing similarities and differences 6. Reasoning - skill in inductive, deductive , and math problems
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7. Non-Ability Factors’ Role: "…individuals with identical IQ's may differ very markedly in regard to their effective ability to cope with their environment…It is not possible to account for more than 50% to 70% of the intertest correlational variance after all recognizable intellectual factors are eliminated. This leaves any where from 30% to 50% of the total factorial variance unaccounted for. It is suggested that this residual variance is largely contributed by such factors as drive, energy, impulsiveness , etc." - Wechsler What is Emotionally Intelligent Behaviour?
24. INSTRUCTIONS : How much is each feeling expressed by this picture? 1. Happiness 1 2 3 4 5 2. Sadness Ability Accurately identify emotions in people and objects How the Ability May Be Used "Read" people's moods for feedback.
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26. 1. What mood(s) might be helpful to feel when meeting in-laws for the very first time? a. tension 1 2 3 4 5 b. surprise 1 2 3 4 5 c. joy 1 2 3 4 5 Not Useful Useful Ability Generate an emotion and solve problems with that emotion How the Ability May Be Used Creating the right feeling to assist in problem solving, communicating a vision, leading people.
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28. Tom felt anxious, and became a bit stressed when he thought about all the work he needed to do. When his supervisor brought him an additional project, he felt_______________. 1. a. overwhelmed b. depressed c. ashamed d. self-conscious e. jittery Ability Understand the causes of emotions How the Ability May Be Used Being able to predict how people will emotionally react.
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30. Debbie just came back from vacation. She was feeling peaceful and content. How well would each action preserve her mood? 1. Action 1: She started to make a list of things at home that she needed to do. Action 2: She began thinking about where and when she go on her next vacation. Action 3: She decided it was best ignore the feeling since it wouldn’t last anyway. a) Very ineffective b) Somewhat Ineffective c) Neutral d) Somewhat Ineffective e) Very Ineffective )
39. Split-Half Reliabilities of the MSCEIT (Odd-even split; N = 1,985) Source: Mayer, Salovey, Caruso, & Sitarenios (2003), Emotion
40. In Two Large-Sample Studies (N > 1700), Confirmatory Factor Analyses Show Good Fits for the 1, 2, and 4 Factor Models
41. T MSCEIT is Essentially Independent of the Following Tests (N’s > 100): r = .00 to .35 Self-report Scales of EQ, optimism, empathy Sources: Bracket & Mayer, in press; Caruso, Mayer, & Salovey, 2002; Ciarrochi, Chan & Caputo, 2000; Mayer, Caruso, & Salovey, 1999; Roberts, Zeidner, & Mathews, forthcoming; Salovey, Mayer, Caruso,& Lopez, in press. r = .00 to .35 Big Five Personality Scales r = .00 to .40 Intelligence Tests
42. Low Scores on the MSCEIT Predicted these Negative Aspects of Relationships: r = .20 to .46, p < .001 Higher ratings of aggression by peers at school Sources: Brackett & Mayer, in press; Brackett, Mayer, & Warner, under review; Formica, 1999; Trinidad & Johnson, 2001; Rubin, 2000; N = 48. r = .15 to 24, p < .05 More alcohol and tobacco use r = .21 to .40, p < .05 More fights, drug use
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51. Sample Test Items : I have good relations with others I’m fun to be with I like helping people Rating Scale: 1 = Very Seldom or Not True of me 5 = Very Often True of Me or True of Me BarOn/EQ-i
60. EQ-i Seems Similar to Existing Models EQ-i - Bar-On’s test Intrapersonal Emotional self-awareness, assertiveness, self-regard, self-actualization, independence Interpersonal Empathy, interpersonal relationship, social responsibility Stress Management Problem solving, reality testing, flexibility Adaptability Stress tolerance, impulse control General Mood happiness, optimism NEO PI-R - Costa & McCrae Extraversion Warmth, gregariousness, optimism, assertiveness, high-energy Neuroticism Stress tolerance, impulse control, anger, depression, anxiety
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62. What Is Emotional Intelligence? MSCEIT EQ-i Predicted r = + .50 or more If these are measuring the same thing, there should be a significant, positive correlation amongst the measures.
63. What Is Emotional Intelligence? MSCEIT EQ-i Actual r = .00 to .15 However, the measures are not highly related.
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68. EQ & Work Success (n = 100) Source: A scientific study of 100 university-educated bank employees using the Bar-On EQ-i ® conducted by Joseph Hee-Woo Jae, Ateneo Manila University, Philippines.
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Editor's Notes
The ability approach has many advantages in the assessment of emotional intelligence. However, how do we score an emotional ability test? Are there actually right and wrong answers? Indeed, there are! However, there are some abilities, and some questions, which do not have correct answers.
When we score the MEIS using all 3 criteria, we generally find that the scoring methods agree with each other. That means that there are better and worse answers for these test items. However, we also only use those test items that do have clear answers. Lastly, we have found that a combination of consensus and expert scores yield the best results. This is how the MEIS is scored.
Could you please add some text highlighting the differences in EQ-I in regards to age. This also can be done on another slide.
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