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- 1. Chapter 6 Movies: Magic From The Dream Factory Chapter Outline • History • Industry • Controversies
- 2. A Brief History of Movies
- 3. A Brief History of Movies Early Movie Technology • At a minimum of 24 fps, one can achieve persistence of vision • Peep shows • Thomas Edison’s kinetograph and kinetoscope, (1889) Vitascope (1896) led to nickelodeons . The Great Train Robbery (1903)
- 4. A Brief History of Movies • Edison created the Motion Picture Patents Company, known as The Trust. • Made deal with film patent holder George Eastman to limit access to film • Chilling effect on film production in New York • Filmmakers move west to California
- 5. A Brief History of Movies The Star System • 1920s, theater owners begin to demand stars, and studio heads see an opportunity • Block booking • Blind booking
- 7. Racism and Innovation • D.W. Griffith’s Birth of a Nation (1915) introduces perfected close-up, fade out, flashback and montages. It also depicts black people as subhuman and glorifies the Ku Klux Klan. • Leni Riefenstahl: Brilliant filmmaker, but films were made to promote the Nazi cause.
- 9. A Brief History of Movies Hollywood’s Golden Age
- 10. A Brief History of Movies Hollywood’s Golden Age (1930s) • efficient studio system and global influence of film art combined with the development of sound and color
- 11. A Brief History of Movies • Throughout the 1930s and 1940s moviegoing became part of American culture, and genres begin to form. • Mafia films: Little Caesar (1930) • Horror films: Dracula (1931) with Bela Lugosi • Comedies: Marx brothers’ Duck Soup (1933) • Color is perfected: Gone With The Wind and The Wizard of Oz, both produced in 1939. • Special effects: King Kong (1933) and The Invisible Man (1933).
- 12. A Brief History of Movies Black cinema • Black citizens were not allowed in “whites- only” theaters. Centered in Harlem, these films featured all-black casts and were shown in theaters in black neighborhoods throughout the country. • Oscar Micheaux • Sidney Poitier
- 13. A Brief History of Movies
- 14. A Brief History of Movies Reacting To TV • By early 1960s more than 90 percent of American homes have TVs. • Better sound and better screens, such as Cinemascope. • High-budget spectaculars • Gimmicks: 3-D effects, Smell-o-Vision, vibrating chairs • Adult themes: sex, drug use, violence • 1955 Hollywood begins releasing made-for-TV movies • Today, companies own both TV and movie studios
- 15. A Brief History of Movies
- 16. A Brief History of Movies
- 17. A Brief History of Movies Adapting To New Media • 1980s and (VCRs) • MPAA tried to kill the VCR • In 1983 the Supreme court ruled in the Sony Betamax case that video recording for private use was not an infringement of copyright. • VCRs create whole new industry for movie studios: the rentals • DVDs 1996, then come recordable DVDs and downloads, now iTunes store
- 18. A Brief History of Movies
- 19. A Brief History of Movies Adapting To New Media • Downloading leads to pirating and illegal distribution: Morpheus, Kazaa, bittorrent • In 2003, movie companies devised methods for encrypting DVDs • Online services: MovieLink, iTunes, Netflix • Digital editing • Digital distribution to theaters allow showing of concerts, sporting events and huge savings over canisters of film • Is this the future of theaters? Who pays for the upgrades?
- 20. Understanding Today’s Movie Industry • Media conglomerates and
- 21. Understanding Today’s Movie Industry How movies are made • Preproduction • Production • Postproduction
- 22. Understanding Today’s Movie Industry
- 23. Understanding Today’s Movie Industry
- 24. Understanding Today’s Movie Industry The People In The Credits • Executive producer • Line producers • Director • Writer • Editor • Cinematographer • Art director • Continuity supervisor • Key grip • Gaffer • best boy
- 25. Understanding Today’s Movie Industry Distribution • Marketing window an opportunity to sell, rent, or license a product to a different type of customer • Domestic theatrical • 1997: first time studios made more money from theaters in other countries than in the U.S. • Pressure from other governments/audiences can influence which movies get a green light and can affect content
- 26. Understanding Today’s Movie Industry
- 27. Understanding Today’s Movie Industry Exhibition • Art theaters show experimental, avant garde and foreign films. • Multiplexes • Megatheaters
- 28. Understanding Today’s Movie Industry The Audience • In the 1930s and 1940s entire families went to the same movie. • Studios target young white males with action- adventure and female nudity because research shows that young men usually select the film for a date, and that 75 percent of the audience is white. • Summer provides the largest audience, followed by holiday season
- 29. Controversies • Effects Of Movie Viewing • Docudramas • Violence • Sexual behavior and casual sex on screen • Drug use/smoking • Stereotyping • Government censorship • MPAA rating system (1968)
- 30. Chapter 6 Movies: Magic From The Dream Factory Chapter Outline • History • Industry • Controversies
Notas del editor
- D.W. Griffith’s Birth of a Nation (1915) introduces perfected close-up, fade out, flashback and montages. It also depicts black people as subhuman and glorifies the Ku Klux Klan. Leni Riefenstahl: Brilliant filmmaker, but films were made to promote the Nazi cause.
- D.W. Griffith’s Birth of a Nation introduces perfected close-up, fade out, flashback and montages. It also depicts black people as subhuman and glorifies the Ku Klux Klan. Leni Riefenstahl: Brilliant filmmaker, but films were made to promote the Nazi cause.
- Jazz Singer 1927 film in blackface first film with sound.Warner Brother’s The Jazz Singer featuring Al Jolson: first full-length sound feature. only 354 words of spoken dialogue and a few songs