1. THE GENERIC 5 TYPES OF PROCESS CHOICE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Project
Job Shop
Batch
Line
Flow/Continuous Processing
Note:
Most businesses will select two or more processes as being appropriate for the products they
manufacture, which reflects the different volume requirements of components, subassemblies, and
products.
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2. PROJECT
3.
Project basis
Product: unique, complex product (i.e., civil engineering contracts,
aerospace program, etc…)
Characteristic:
a.
b.
Business will also be concerned with determining how much of the
product to make away from site and how best to provide the parts or
sections that the structures made on site. These will, in turn, often be
produced using a different choice of process than project (i.e., CTRMAviation).
Mill
Saw
Store
4.
Customer-specified requirement
It is often too large to be moved or simply cannot be moved once
completed.
Grind
Drill
Project
A
Lathe
Paint
Assem
bly
Wareho
use
1.
2.
2

3. JOB SHOP
1.
Jobbing, unit, or One-off
•
Job shops are typically small manufacturing businesses that handle job
production, and Job shops typically move on to different jobs (possibly with
different customers) when each job is completed.
•
Requires the supplier to interpret the customer’s design and specification
and apply relatively high-level skills in the conversion process. By the
nature of this type of manufacturing operation, job shops are usually
specialized in skill and processes.
•
To meet the one-off order requirements of customers or if a unique product or an
individual service is required. A typical example would be a machine shop who
makes specialized components for the aerospace industry. Such parts are made
in relatively small quantities compared to components such as standard bolts or
rivets.
•
Other types of common job shops are grinding and fabrication shops.
•
The opposite would be continuous flow manufactures such as textile, steel, and
food manufacturing.
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4. BATCH
Process
C
Process
B
Process
D
Warehouse
Process
A
Paint
3.
Assembly
2.
Batch production is the manufacturing technique of creating a group of
components at a workstation before moving the group to the next step in
production.
Batch production is common in bakeries and in the manufacture of sports
shoes, pharmaceutical ingredients, inks, paints.
Provide similar items on a repeat basis, usually in large volumes –
quantity (x) work content – than associate with jobbing.
Store
1.

5. LINE
Lathe
Mill
Drill
Saw
Mill
Drill
Paint
Grind
Mill
Drill
Paint
Weld
Grind
Lathe
Drill
Warehouse
Saw
Assembly
2.
Investment is made to provide a process dedicated to the needs of a
single product or small range of products.
Example: Electronic industry
Store
1.
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6. FLOW or CONTINUOUS PROCESSING
Flow production involves a continuous movement of items through the production
process. This means that when one task is finished the next task must start
immediately. Therefore, the time taken on each task must be the same.
Flow production (often known also as mass production) involves the use of
production lines such as in a car manufacturer where doors, engines, bonnets and
wheels are added to a chassis as it moves along the assembly line. It is
appropriate when firms are looking to produce a high volume of similar items.
6

7. FLOW or CONTINUOUS PROCESSING
Flow production involves a continuous movement of items through the production
process. This means that when one task is finished the next task must start
immediately. Therefore, the time taken on each task must be the same.
Flow production (often known also as mass production) involves the use of
production lines such as in a car manufacturer where doors, engines, bonnets and
wheels are added to a chassis as it moves along the assembly line. It is
appropriate when firms are looking to produce a high volume of similar items.
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