Class Notes

4. a

6. Class Notes

8. Pg. 7 1.2 Scientific Method Observation Question Hypothesis Experiment Analyze/Draw conclusions Hypothesis Is supported Test hypothesis with further experiments Hypothesis Is NOT supported Revise hypothesis Theory Class Notes

11. Complete the Frayer Diagram Scientific Method Define Goal Parts in order Why is it used Make Observations An organized plan for gathering, organizing, and communicating information. To solve a problem or to better understand an observed event. Ask a question, Develop a hypothesis, Test hypothesis Analyze data & draw conclusions ( test/revise ), Develop theory Provides a useful strategy for solving problems. 1.2 Pg. 11 Class Notes

21. Class Notes a

22. In pairs, fill out the chart. Pg. 7 1.2 Class Notes

28. Pg. 141 6.1 Atoms Electron energy levels (e- cloud) & periodic table Hydrogen Copper Gold Class Notes

29. a Activity Class Notes

30. Class Notes 6.2 Pg. 152 Na Sodium

32. Pg. 141 6.1 Isotopes are variants of atoms of a particular chemical element, which have differing numbers of neutrons. Atoms of a particular element by definition must contain the same number of protons but may have a distinct number of neutrons which differs from atom to atom, without changing the designation of the atom as a particular element. A compound is a substance that is composed of atoms two or more different element that are chemically combined. Table salt (NaCl) is a compound . It is composed of sodium and chlorine. Pg 144 Class Notes

33. Pg. 141 6.1 Bonds Covalent bond Ionic bonds Covalent bond : the force that holds the two atoms sharing electrons. ( example below: water ) Molecule : a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds. (H2O) Ion : a charged particle made of atoms. Ionic bond : the attractive force between two ions of opposite charge. Class Notes

36. Class Notes a Pg. 141 6.1 Sleet refers to two distinct forms of precipitation.

37. Pg. 141 6.1 acids/bases/pH pH: a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is. A solution is neutral if its’ pH = 7. Acid: any substance that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in water. (ex.: hydrochloric acid) pH is below 7. Base: any substance that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in water. pH is above 7. Class Notes

38. Pg. 141 6.1 Class Notes

43. Class Notes a 6.2 Pg. 152 Concentration gradient : the difference in concentration of a substance across space.

51. E Class Notes Pg. 171 7.1

57. Match words to definition: Pg. 141 6.1 c. b. a. d. Class Notes

65. Cytokinesis – cell’s cytoplasm divides Mitosis vs Meiosis Class Notes Pg. 201 8.2

74. Phenotype: the way an organism looks & behaves. Genotype: combination of genes in an organism. Homozygous ( for a trait ) : if its 2 alleles for the trait are the same (TT or tt) Heterozygous ( for a trait ): if its 2 alleles for the trait differ from each other. (Tt) Punnett Square: way of finding the expected proportions of possible genotypes in the offspring of a cross. Class Notes Pg. 253 10.1

75. E Class Notes Pg. 253 10.1

76. Dihybrid Crosses Class Notes Pg. 253 10.1

77. E Class Notes Pg. 253 10.1

78. E Class Notes Pg. 253 10.1