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液体レンズ形状の
インタラクティブモデリング
仲田将之1, 柿本正憲2,楽 詠こう1, 西田友是1
1東京大学, 2東京工科大学
発表の流れ
• 研究背景と目標
• 関連研究
• 提案法
• まとめと課題
2
研究背景と目標
3
研究背景
液滴のレンズ形状
[StewartCooke, flickr]
ガラス上の水滴
4
水面上の油滴
[Jesse Zanzinger, vimeo]
落下中の水滴
[Maianer, flickr]
研究背景
液滴デザイン
[Global Water’s Icon]
リサイクルマーク(水滴) コンピュータのUI
[Mac OS, Wikipedia][Wylie Dufresne, Gilt Taste]
料理のソース
5
研究目標
6
液滴はどのようなレンズ形状をとるか
液滴として自然に見える形状,
つまり物理的制約を満たす必要
提案法の対象範囲
7
様々な液滴
[ugalenthi Iniabarathi][wernerCT, flickr] [Gehat, flickr] [johnsarelli, flickr]
平面,曲面などなめらかな面
提案法は以下を対象
• 平面
• (高さ関数で表せる)曲面
[Boutmuet, flickr][NikonStone, flickr]
突起上の水滴 シャワー 蛇口の水滴 ワインの涙
関連研究
8
関連研究
液滴形状
水面上の油滴レンズ形状 流体のフィードバック制御
対称形状に限定
解析解はない
様々な形状に対応
平衡形状でない
以下を満たす手法が望ましい
• 様々な付着形状に対応
• エネルギー平衡形状
9
写真
[Shi and Yu 2005][Langmuir 1933], [Elcrat 2004]
提案法
10
提案法の概要
11
液滴の付着形状
底面形状
液滴の表面形状
表面張力
重力
エネルギー平衡な
液滴形状
液滴
釣り合い
提案手法のフロー
要素分割 高さの推定
レンダリング
液滴の付着形状
12
底面形状
高
低
要素分割
液滴の付着形状
輪郭抽出
輪郭データ
(区分直線)
13
三角形要素
要素分割
液滴らしい形状構成
14
付着液滴のエネルギー
重力エネルギー
表面エネルギー
重力
表面張力
付着液滴にかかる力
液滴はエネルギー平衡状態にある
液滴形状は最適化問題の解
液滴らしい形状構成 (cont.)
15
液滴らしい形状構成 (cont.)
16
有限要素法を用いることで
様々な付着形状に応用可能
リッツ法ベースの有限要素法
17
リッツ法ベースの有限要素法
(cont.)
18
提案法の検証
ユーザによるインタラクティブ編集
入力(付着形状)
マウスによる編集
出力(3Dメッシュ)
19
提案法の検証
実例との比較
20
現実の水滴(撥水コート) 提案法
入力
エッジの消失 エッジの保存
提案法の検証
平凸レンズとの比較 (直径1cm)
21
平凸レンズ
平凸レンズ提案法
高さ 20mm
提案法の検証
平凸レンズとの比較 (直径10cm)
22
平凸レンズ提案法
直径1cmの場合
結果
23
レンダリング結果
方眼紙上の水滴
入力
24
レンダリング結果
クロムの床
25
入力
レンダリング結果
鏡上の水滴
26
入力
レンダリング結果
ディスプレイ上の水滴
27
入力
[背景動画 : Johnny Kelly, Vimeo]
レンダリング結果
コンクリート床
28
入力
レンダリング結果
鏡(曲面)上
29
入力
レンダリング結果
東大新領域のロゴ
30
入力
レンダリング結果
液体フォント
31
Chocolate Syrup フォント (液体フォント)
レンダリング結果
アニメーション
32
[Dobashi]
入力
[背景 : 東京メトロ]
レンダリング結果
アニメーション
33
[Dobashi]
入力
まとめと課題
34
まとめ
• 液滴形状を,輪郭形状から定まる,
最適化問題の解としてモデル化
• 液滴のレンズ機能を視覚的に確認
• ロゴやフォント,アニメーションなど
人工的な液滴形状へも応用
35
今後の課題
• 高さが二価関数になる液滴への拡張
– 撥水表面など
• 固体表面や界面エネルギーの考慮
– 水面上の油滴など
36
ありがとうございました
まとめ
37
着液形状 高さ推定 レンダリング底面形状
レンダリング結果
入力
38
曲面の例 (鏡)
39
入力
レンダリング結果
方眼紙上の水滴
40
入力
41
42
43
提案手法
面積座標の積分公式
44
提案手法
有限要素法の実装
45

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