A capacitor is an electrical component that can store electric charges and release them when needed. It consists of two conductors separated by an insulator. A capacitor stores electric energy and can be used like a temporary battery. TV sets have warnings to be careful of circuit components when off because capacitors inside can still hold a charge even when the TV is not powered on.

1. DISCRETE
ELECTRONIC
COMPONENTS

2. CAPACITORS

3. CAPACITOR
Is an electrical device capable of
storing electric charges and
releasing it when needed.
It can store charges for less than a
fraction of a second to many
hours.

4. A capacitor consists of two
conductors separated by a non-
conductive region.
The non-conductive region is
called the dielectric.
In simpler terms, the dielectric is
just an electrical insulator.
Examples of dielectric media are
glass, air, paper, vacuum.

5. A capacitor can store electric
energy when disconnected from its
charging circuit, so it can be used
like a temporary battery, or like
other types of rechargeable energy
storage system

6. CAPACITORS

7. INSIDE A CAPACITOR

8. The quantity of charge
stored in a capacitor is
known as CAPACITANCE
and expressed in terms of
FARAD (F) or
MICROFARAD (µF)
CAPACITANCE is
C = q / V
Capacitance (C ) in Farad
Charge (q) in Coulomb
Potential Difference (V)
in volts

9. UNITS OF CAPACITANCE
Micro Farad (µF) = 1 x 10 -6 F
Nano Farad (NF) = 1 x 10-9 F
Pico Farad (pF) = 1 x 10 -12 F

10. QUESTION:
Why do TV sets have warnings to be
careful about touching the circuit
components even when the TV set is
turned off ?

11. CHARGING AND DISCHARGING A CAPACITOR
Discharging a capacitor is
achieved by having a
load ( or resistor) in the
circuit. (parallel with the
voltmeter)

12. THE TOTAL CAPACITANCE IS LOWER WHEN CAPACITORS
ARE IN SERIES CONNECTION

13. CAPACITORS IN
PARALLEL
THE TOTAL CAPACITANCE IS THE SUM OF THE
INDIVIDUAL CAPACITANCES WHEN
CAPACITORS ARE IN PARALLEL

14. APPLICATION:
FIND THE EQUIVALENT CAPACITANCE OF
THREE CAPACITORS 2.0 µF, 4.0 µF, and
6.0 µF connected to a 60 Volt battery if
they are:
a. Connected in Series
b. Connected in Parallel

15. APPLICATION:
FIND THE TOTAL CAPACITANCE OF THREE
CAPACITORS
a. in Series
b. in Parallel