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1. The Reflective Insulation Manufacturers Association International 2008 Copyright – Reflective Insulation Manufacturers Association International

2. Benefits of Reflective Insulation, Radiant Barriers and IRCCs Presented on Behalf of RIMA International

4. Review thermal performance in a building envelope

5. Discuss Energy Code compliance, Energy Star compliance and Federal Energy Tax credits as they apply to reflective products

6. Understand how radiant barriers affect the HERS index

9. Covertech

10. KdB Isolation SA

11. RoyOMartin

12. Reflectix Inc

14. Types and Applications

15. Insulation & Building Science

17. Radiant Barriers

19. Reference Documents for Reflective Insulation: ASTM C1224 - Standard Specification ASTM C727 - Installation

20. Examples of Reflective Insulation Applications R-Values apply Commercial Ceiling –Metal Furring & Drywall (not pictured) Creates Enclosed Cavity Masonry Walls Floor or Crawl Space Enclosed Cavity Metal Buildings

22. Reference Documents for Reflective Insulation: ASTM C1313 - Standard Specification ASTM C1158 - Installation

23. Examples of Radiant Barrier Applications Draped Method Bottom of Roof Rafter - Method Deck Applied Method

24. Low-Emittance Products

25. Definition of an IRCC An Interior Radiation Control Coating is a non-thickness dependent, low emittance coating. When applied to non-porous building materials such as plywood, OSB, metal siding or plasterboard, according to the manufacturer’s Installation instruction, it lowers the normal surface emittance of these materials to 0.24 or lower.

26. Physics of an IRCC An IRCC works by changing the emittance of the surface where it is applied. Building products, such as wood, brick, painted surfaces and plasterboard exhibit high emissivities (0.7 - 0.95). When heated above the temperature of adjacent surfaces, they radiate most of their heat energy to cooler surfaces. An IRCC works by lowering their surface emittance to 0.24 or lower, lessening their ability to radiate heat. IRCCS spray-applied to steel sidewalls of large construction storage warehouse.

27. An IRCC System A building construction consisting of a low- emittance surface bounded by an open air space. An IRCC is used for the sole purpose of limiting heat transfer by radiation and is not specifically intended to reduce heat transfer by convection or conduction. (ASTM C 1321, section 3.2.3) Thus, an IRCCS is similar to a Radiant Barrier System (RBS) but is somewhat less efficient due to its higher emissivity and is comprised of a coating on a building surface, not a foil or film product. IRCCS Spray-applied to underside of steel roof decking and trusses in an ice hockey arena.

28. Advantages of an IRCC An IRCC is normally applied using airless spray equipment, resulting in very low labor costs and greatly reduced installation times. Also, a water based IRCC can be safely installed in existing structures where the costs of installing foil or film products may be prohibitive or impractical. An IRCC may also be used in many manufactured products (such as infrared heat reflectors of automotive parts) where it is impractical to adhere foil or film radiant barriers.

29. Building Science

30. Reflective Insulation RI: An enclosed air space with a low- emittance surface. ●●●Radiation is suppressed MI: An enclosed air space filled with solid fibers. ●●●Convection is suppressed

31. Radiation is Suppressed by a Low-emittance Surface Key Words: emittance, reflectance Opaque materials – zero transmission Reflectance: fraction n incident radiation that is not absorbed. Emittance: (actual rad.)/(blackbody rad.) A blackbody absorbs all incident radiation. approximated by carbon black

32. Emissive Power (Radiation) All surfaces above absolute temperature give off radiation. Expressions for Heat Flux (Btu/ft2∙hr) 0.1713x10-8∙( T + 460 )4 for blackbody E∙( 0.1713x10-8∙( T + 460 )4 ) for real surface F12∙E∙( 0.1713x10-8∙(( T1 + 460 )4- (( T2 + 460 )4 for net exchange

33. Radiation from a Surface Increases as the Temperature of the Surfaces Increases

34. The Reduction in Emission due to Lowering the Emittance is Dramatic

35. Net Exchange Between Large Parallel Surfaces

36. Net Exchange between Large Parallel Surfaces The Net Exchange for this arrangement of surfaces is given by: F12 = 1/( 1/e1 + 1/e2 – 1) e1 e2 F12 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.87 0.87 0.77 0.87 0.22 0.21 ↓ 73% 0.87 0.03 0.03 ↓ 96%

37. Diagram from ASTM C 1340 – Attic Radiation Terms Radiant Barrier Theory

38. Results in the Attic Attic Radiant Barrier Summer Reduces radiation heat transfer from the roof deck to the floor of the attic. Reduces the surface temperature of the attic floor or the insulation on the attic floor. Reduces the temperature difference from top of insulation to bottom of insulation. Reduces the heat flow into the conditioned space.

39. Results in the Attic Attic Radiant Barrier Winter Reduces radiation heat transfer from the surface of the attic floor insulation to the roof deck. Increases the surface temperature of the attic floor insulation. Reduces the temperature difference from bottom of the insulation to top of the insulation. Reduces the heat flow out of the conditioned space. Solar gain will be reduced.

40. Attic with RB is Cooler than Attic no RB Houston – Summer 2007

41. Side View of Wall Exterior l -> l Interior Enclosed Air Space 100 F l -> l 70 F Large Parallel Surfaces l -> l 3.5 Inches Across l -> l Heat Flux Total Cond Conv Rad E warm E cold 35.84 1.54 8.66 25.64 0.87 0.87 11.17 1.54 8.63 1.00 0.87 0.03 10.68 1.54 8.63 0.54 0.03 0.03

42. Reduce Convection by Changing Gap Size Wall Cavity as Before Description R (1-D) Conventional Units wood-wood 0.84 wood-foil 2.69 foil-foil 2.81 wood-foil-wood 6.73 Wood-foil-foil-wood 12.41

43. Reflectives Can Be Combined with other Insulation Types to form Hybrid Systems RIS + Mineral Fiber Wood Frame Cavity [wall, floor, or ceiling] (Nominal 2x6) Mineral Wool Batt + RIS Cathedral Ceiling: R 13 @ 3.5 + R 5 to10. (Heat flow down at 45) Cellular Plastic + RIS Wall: 6*T + RIS

44. Hybrid System Consisting of Polyurethane and a Reflective System in the Enclosed Air SpaceNominal 2x6 Frame Wall

45. Summary Statements RIS, RB, and IRCC utilize surfaces with low emittance and high reflectance to reduce heat flow. Reflective air spaces are well understood with R-values that can be measured and calculated. RB have demonstrated savings that result from reduced radiation transport and cooler attic air spaces. Hybrid systems can be tailored to provide excellent systems with demonstrated thermal characteristic.

47. Materials and Resources

49. Green Building Project Certification US Green Building Council’s (USGBC) LEED/Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, includes LEED for New Construction, LEED for Core and Shell, LEED for Schools, etc. ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes and Designed to Earn the ENERGY STAR for Commercial Buildings NAHB Model Green Home Guidelines ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Radiant barriers and reflective insulation not only help projects qualify for Certification, but they also help reduce operating costs through… Energy savings Material and resource usage Increased productivity

50. Qualifying for LEED Certification Energy and Atmosphere; Optimize Energy Performance… Reflective Insulation can be used as an option to (or) in conjunction with other Insulation to add R-Value. Radiant Barriers help reduce radiant heat transfer and improve the performance of roof and ceiling insulation. Materials and Resources; Building Reuse, Maintain 50% of Interior non-structural elements… Reflective Insulation and Radiant Barriers could be left in place as part of the existing wall, roof, floor or ceiling system. Materials Reuse… Reflective Insulation and Radiant Barriers could be removed during demolition and reused in new construction. Indoor Environmental Quality; Thermal Comfort: Design… Reflective Insulation and Radiant Barriers can be used to improve building envelope’s performance and increase thermal comfort since they reduce radiant heat transfer.

51. Qualifying for ENERGY STAR and NAHB Reflective insulation and radiant barriers help you qualify for the HERS Index Requirements (Energy Star Qualified Homes) Radiant barriers help you qualify for “Renewable energy/solar heating and cooling – Using passive Cooling” (NAHB Model Green Home Building Guidelines)

54. Effect of Radiant Barrier on Code Compliance Example Using Energy Gauge USA Software

55. Understanding the HERS Rating What is the HERS Index? The HERS Index is a scoring system established by the Residential Energy Services Network (RESNET) in which a home built to the specifications of the HERS Reference Home (based on the 2006 International Energy Conservation Code) scores a HERS Index of 100, while a net zero energy home scores a HERS Index of 0. The lower a home’s HERS Index, the more energy efficient it is in comparison to the HERS Reference Home.

56. Understanding the HERS Rating A home energy rating involves an analysis of a home’s construction plans and onsite inspections. Based on the home’s plans, the Home Energy Rater uses an energy efficiency software package to perform an energy analysis of the home’s design. This analysis yields a projected, pre-construction HERS Index. Upon completion of the plan review, the rater will work with the bulder to identify the energy efficiency improvements needed to ensure the house will meet ENERGY STAR performance guidelines. The rater then conducts onsite inspection, typically including a blower door test (to test the leakiness of the house) and a duct test (to test the leakiness of the ducts).

57. Effect of Radiant Barrier on HERS Index Score Radiant Barrier adds 3 HERS Points to Energy Star Compliance

58. Federal Tax Credits Commercial Buildings: Taxpayers can enjoy a deduction of up to $1.80 per square foot for buildings that achieve a 50% reduction in annual energy costs related to heating, cooling, water heating and interior lighting - costs that are defined by the ASHRAE standard. New Homes: A credit of up to $2,000 is available to home builders who build homes projected - and demonstrated - to save at least 50% of the heating and cooling energy of a comparable home that meets the standards of the 2004 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) Supplement. Existing Homes: Current homeowners are eligible for different tax credits based on a variety of energy-efficiency measures - such as improving insulation - with a $500 cap.

59. Questions? Reflective Insulation Manufacturers Association International (RIMA International) 800/279-4123 www.rimainternational.org