description about glycosides and its function

1. NG KUAN BENG
GLYCOSIDES

2. GLYCOSIDES
GLYCOSIDE is an organic compound, usually
of plant origin, that is containing a carbohydrate
and a non-carbohydrate residue in the same
molecule.
If the carbohydrate portion is glucose, the
resulting compound is a GLUCOSIDE
 A sugar part (or glycone, formed of one or
more sugar units).
 A non-sugar part (or aglycone, also called
genin).

4. Primary source for glycosides
 Fruits
 Vegetables
 Seeds
 Soy products

5. CLASSIFICATION
Atom from the aglycone involved in the
glycosidic linkage:
Oxygen O-glycosides
Carbon C-glycosides
Sulphur S-glycosides
Nitrogen N-glycosides

6. LINMARIN – O-GLYCOSIDE

7. ADENOSINE N-GLYCOSIDE

8. SINIGRIN – S- GYLCOSIDE

9. CLASSIFICATION
Number of sugars:
 One sugar Monosides e.g.
Salicin
 Two sugar Biosides e.g.
Diosmin
 Three sugars Triosides e.g. Digoxin
Nature of the glycoside:
 Primary glycosides: Originally present in the
plant e.g. Purpurea A
 Secondary glycosides: Resulted from
removal of one sugar from the primary
glycosides
e.g. Digitoxin

10. CLASSIFICATION
Botanical source:
Digitalis glycosides
Senna glycosides.
Therapeutic use:
Analgesic glycosides.
Purgative glycosides.
Cardiac glycosides.

11. CLASSIFICATION
Chemical nature of the aglycone:
Flavone glycosides.
Steroidal glycosides.
Aldehydic glycosides.

12. PHYSICAL CHARACTERS
Solids either amorphous or crystalline.
Non volatile.
Usually bitter in taste.
Soluble in water and polar organic
solvents.
Reduce Fehling’s solutions only after
hydrolysis.

13. Alcoholic and Phenolic
Glycosides
Salicin
Source: Salix species (Willow bark).
Uses: Analgesic, Antipyretic, Anti-
inflammatory.

15. SALICIN

16. Alcoholic and Phenolic
Glycosides
2- Arbutin & Methyl Arbutin
 Source: Uva Ursi (Bearberry
leaves).
 Nature: Primary Phenolic glycoside
(monoside).
 Uses: Diuretic, Bactericidal.

19. ALDEHYDIC GLYCOSIDES
1- Glucovanillin
Source: Vanilla pods.
Uses: Flavouring agent, Spray reagent.

21. CYANOGENIC GLYCOSIDES
1- Amygdalin
 Source: Bitter Almond.
 Usage : used for the preparation of
Benzaldehyde.

23. CYANOGENIC GLYCOSIDES
2- Linamarin
Source : cassava, lima beans, and flax.
Uses:
Linamarin has a molluscecidal activity.
Cyanogenic glycosides have role in
cancer treatment.

25. LINAMARIN

26. THANK YOU