Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
IPv6 Matrix Project - ISOC Chennai
1. IPv6 Matrix Project
Tracking IPv6 connectivity Worldwide
http://www.ipv6matrix.org
Dr. Olivier MJ Crépin-Leblond – ocl@gih.com
APRIL 2011 Update / ISOC Chennai Version / 26 June 2011
Page 1 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
2. We are running out of IP addresses
World Connectivity vs Population
“Internet Protocol”
Population Size
6 767 805 208 6.7 Billion people on earth
Population Size 1.7 Billion Internet users
N°Internet Users N°Internet Users
1 733 993 741
Middle East Connectivity vs Population
Population Size
202 687 005
More ways to access the Internet
Population Size
N°Internet Users
N°Internet Users
57 425 046
Page 2 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
3. What is an IPv4 Address?
Domain Names are identifiers
that you type in your Web
Domain Name: www.isoc.org Browser, your E-mail etc.
www.google.com
www.yahoo.com
DNS Servers translate this
DNS Server Domain Name into an
address that is made up of
translation
numbers
Every device that is
IPv4 Address: 212.110.167.157 connected to the Internet
needs its Internet Protocol
(IP) address
Page 3 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
4. We are running out of IP addresses
today
http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/index.html
When we reach this point, it will be too late since
there will be no more “free” IPv4 addresses!
Real time data collected 1 Mar 2010
Page 4 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
5. We are running out of IP addresses
In the future, communication will go everywhere
Page 5 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
8. IPv6 Space
IPv4: 4,294,967,296 addresses
IPv6: 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,770,000,000 possible addresses
50,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 addresses per human
Page 8 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
9. IPv6 Matrix Project
ISOC England was awarded a Community
Grants Programme award in November
2009
Design and implementation of an “IPv6
Crawler,” software on a computer that
crawls through the DNS at regular intervals
in order to detect and test:
IPv6 DNS servers
IPv6 compliant Web servers
IPv6 compliant SMTP mailers
IPv6 compliant NTP servers.
Page 9 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
10. Project Rationale
Today, more than 95% of Internet traffic is generated
by a small number of data sources – i.e. the world’s
busiest Web Sites
Without IPv6 accessible content, IPv6 has no chance
of being used - ever.
Take the 1 Million most popular Web site list from
alexa.com as a starting point for the domains to be
tested. Add more domains later.
Test them for IPv6 connectivity
This is equivalent to testing about 6.3 million hosts
worldwide
Use GeoIP database to estimate real host location
Page 10 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
11. Project Teams
London, UK:
Project Management and support
Hardware supply and installation
Data Centre and IPv6 connectivity
Nile University, Egypt:
Software Programming
Page 11 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
13. What are we tracking?
Host IPv6 penetration
Using IPv4 Geo-location coordinates
Includes generic TLD (gTLDs, .com, .net, .org) and
country code ccTLDs
Two types of information:
Infrastructure: DNS + Web + E-mail + Time server
(NTP)
This tracks all of the infrastructure required to run
IPv6 Web services
Web sites only (actual content)
This tracks the Web services themselves. Usually this
percentage is lower than the figure for the
infrastructure
Page 13 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
14. What are we archiving?
Everything that we are tracking on the previous page,
plus:
Testing of connectivity to the above services in case
IPv6 addresses are advertised but no service runs on
them
Tracing of route from London Docklands to each one
of these hosts both using IPv4 and IPv6 – and
archiving all of this information in text format
A lot more data, accessible from the Web site archive
In April 2011, the size of this database in text format is
approx 60Gb and continually increasing (the testing
software runs 24/7)
Page 14 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
17. Country DNS+WEB+E-mail+NTP % change
sept-10 apr-11
Moldova (*) 13.42% 18.91% 5.49%
France 2.39% 13.91% 11.52%
Switzerland 10.74% 11.95% 1.21%
Denmark 6.68% 9.00% 2.32%
Slovakia 6.57% 8.38% 1.81%
Finland 2.03% 8.33% 6.30%
Netherlands 4.39% 7.91% 3.52%
Bosnia and Herzegovina (*) 7.73% 7.73%
Slovenia 6.52% 6.52%
Czech Republic 3.48% 6.36% 2.88%
Croatia 6.36% 6.36%
Austria 2.32% 5.25% 2.93%
IPv6 Host Penetration Norway 3.20% 4.88% 1.68%
Lithuania 4.34% 4.05% -0.29%
Belarus 3.40% 3.94% 0.54%
Estonia 4.29% 3.91% -0.38%
Portugal 4.23% 3.77% -0.46%
Infrastructure Sweden
Greece
1.47%
1.34%
3.56%
3.01%
2.09%
1.67%
- DNS or Republic of Macedonia (*) 2.92% 2.92%
Italy 2.80% 2.84% 0.04%
- Web or Serbia (*) 2.61% 2.61%
United Kingdom 1.34% 2.59% 1.25%
- E-mail or Hungary 1.74% 2.01% 0.27%
Ukraine 0.63% 1.81% 1.18%
- NTP Russia 0.20% 1.69% 1.49%
Poland 1.12% 1.65% 0.53%
Belgium 1.49% 1.47% -0.02%
Ireland 1.91% 1.39% -0.52%
(*) Low Sample Germany 0.74% 1.38% 0.64%
Low accuracy Iceland
Spain
2.20%
0.67%
1.29%
0.93%
-0.91%
0.26%
Romania 0.56% 0.69% 0.13%
Latvia 0.41% 0.59% 0.18%
Bulgaria 0.10% 0.46% 0.36%
Page 17 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
18. Country WEB % change
sept-10 apr-2011
Moldova (*) 16.38% 24.68% 8.30%
Slovakia 10.10% 11.53% 1.43%
Switzerland 4.01% 4.13% 0.12%
Belarus 2.79% 3.21% 0.42%
Czech Republic 1.73% 3.15% 1.42%
Norway 0.84% 2.25% 1.41%
Republic of Macedonia (*) 2.11% 2.11%
Finland 0.47% 1.69% 1.22%
Croatia 1.53% 1.53%
Netherlands 0.99% 1.46% 0.47%
Portugal 2.29% 1.37% -0.92%
Italy 1.55% 1.33% -0.22%
Slovenia 1.28% 1.28%
Greece 0.55% 1.28% 0.73%
Sweden 0.80% 0.98% 0.18%
IPv6 Host Penetration France 0.41% 0.74% 0.33%
Austria 0.43% 0.64% 0.21%
Estonia 0.64% 0.62% -0.02%
Belgium 0.64% 0.59% -0.05%
Hungary 0.30% 0.48% 0.18%
Web only Iceland 0.00% 0.48% 0.48%
Spain 0.42% 0.42% 0.00%
Lithuania 0.12% 0.41% 0.29%
Romania 0.11% 0.39% 0.28%
Ireland 0.24% 0.30% 0.06%
Germany 0.74% 0.27% -0.47%
(*) Low Sample Bulgaria 0.10% 0.26% 0.16%
Poland 0.11% 0.23% 0.12%
Low accuracy Denmark 0.26% 0.21% -0.05%
United Kingdom 0.14% 0.20% 0.06%
Ukraine 0.10% 0.16% 0.06%
Latvia 0.09% 0.14% 0.05%
Russia 0.06% 0.08% 0.02%
Bosnia and Herzegovina (*) 0.00% 0.00%
Serbia (*) 0.00% 0.00%
Page 18 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
19. Europe Trends
France with large rise in infrastructure
Likely to be caused by a main hosting
provider, ovh.net, installing dual-stack
Name-servers
Slovakia and Switzerland leading with
dual-stack Web sites
Page 19 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
22. Country DNS+WEB+E-mail+NTP % change
sept-11 apr-11
Singapore 0.00% 32.24% 32.24%
Armenia (*) 7.38% 10.64% 3.26%
Sri Lanka (*) 8.59% 8.54% -0.05%
Indonesia 3.16% 5.40% 2.24%
Malaysia 1.89% 3.50% 1.61%
Philippines (*) 2.78% 3.42% 0.64%
New Zealand 2.52% 3.24% 0.72%
Oman (*) 3.03% 2.94% -0.09%
Australia 1.52% 2.81% 1.29%
Hong Kong n/a 2.37%
IPv6 Host Penetration Taiwan 1.18% 2.16% 0.98%
Qatar (*) 0.89% 1.95% 1.06%
Russia 0.20% 1.69% 1.49%
Infrastructure Japan 1.31% 1.49% 0.18%
Saudi Arabia (*) 1.50% 1.39% -0.11%
- DNS or
Thailand 1.46% 1.36% -0.10%
- Web or United Arab Emirates (*) 0.65% 0.65% 0.00%
- E-mail or Pakistan 0.56% 0.56% 0.00%
- NTP Iran 0.39% 0.42% 0.03%
South Korea 0.25% 0.24% -0.01%
India 0.20% 0.24% 0.04%
(*) Low Sample China 0.09% 0.11% 0.02%
Low accuracy Vietnam (*) 0.09% 0.09% 0.00%
Kuwait (*) 1.01% 0.00% -1.01%
Page 22 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
23. Country WEB % change
sept-10 apr-11
Vietnam (*) 0.00% 5.26% 5.26%
Philippines (*) 3.09% 3.88% 0.79%
Qatar (*) 0.00% 3.70% 3.70%
Oman (*) 3.03% 2.94% -0.09%
Sri Lanka (*) 1.94% 1.89% -0.05%
Taiwan 1.03% 1.39% 0.36%
Saudi Arabia (*) 1.58% 1.23% -0.35%
Thailand 0.87% 1.01% 0.14%
New Zealand 0.42% 0.77% 0.35%
United Arab Emirates (*) 0.14% 0.68% 0.54%
IPv6 Host Penetration Hong Kong n/a 0.67%
Indonesia 0.52% 0.61% 0.09%
Pakistan 0.56% 0.56% 0.00%
Malaysia 0.51% 0.55% 0.04%
Web only Iran 0.48% 0.38% -0.10%
India 0.18% 0.29% 0.11%
Australia 0.11% 0.18% 0.07%
Japan 0.15% 0.17% 0.02%
(*) Low Sample China 0.11% 0.12% 0.01%
Low accuracy Russia 0.06% 0.08% 0.02%
South Korea 0.09% 0.03% -0.06%
Singapore 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Armenia (*) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Kuwait (*) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Page 23 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
24. Asia Trends
Singapore leading by far in
infrastructure but trailing in dual-stack
Web Site content
China results abnormally very low –
content not dual stacked or IPv6
behind firewall?
Less reliability of results due to
smaller sample size in many countries
of the region
Page 24 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
25. Africa Data snapshot
IPv6 Host Penetration 36.63%
35.62%
Infrastructure
- DNS or
- Web or
- E-mail or
- NTP
8.82%
8.82% 5.56%
7.87%
Low Sample
8.33%
Low accuracy 8.51%
Sept 2010
April 2011
0.79%
0.81%
Page 25 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
26. Africa Data snapshot
IPv6 Host Penetration 0.00%
0.00%
Web only
0.00%
0.00% 1.85%
2.44%
Low Sample
14.29%
Low accuracy 14.29%
Sept 2010
April 2011
0.34%
0.29%
Page 26 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
27. Country DNS+WEB+E-mail+NTP % change
sept-10 apr-11
IPv6 Host Penetration
Tunisia (*) 36.63% 35.62% -1.01%
Senegal (*) 8.82% 8.82% 0.00%
Tanzania (*) 8.33% 8.51% 0.18%
Infrastructure Kenya (*) 5.56% 7.87% 2.31%
- DNS or South Africa 0.79% 0.81% 0.02%
- Web or
- E-mail or
- NTP The small number of hosts tested make the results
for most of Africa appear higher than they really are
(*) Low Sample
Low accuracy
Page 27 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
28. Country WEB % change
sept-10 apr-11
IPv6 Host Penetration Tanzania (*) 14.29% 14.29% 0.00%
Kenya (*) 1.85% 2.44% 0.59%
South Africa 0.34% 0.29% -0.05%
Tunisia (*) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Senegal (*) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Web only
(*) Low Sample The small number of hosts tested make the results
Low accuracy for most of Africa appear higher than they really are
Page 28 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
29. Africa Trends
Very few countries with IPv6
connectivity
Dual Stack Islands starting to appear
Can be compared with the growth of
Internet connectivity in the nineties
Page 29 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
30. Compare Historical data on
African Internet Connectivity
June 1994 May 1997
Source: Internetology - http://www.nsrc.org/codes/bymap/ntlgy/ntlgy.htm
Page 30 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
31. North/South America
0.98%
IPv6 Host Penetration
Infrastructure 1.40%
2.81%
- DNS or
PR: 3.51%
- Web or
- E-mail or 0.37% 6.09%
- NTP
6.00%
Low Sample 1.52%
0.23%
Low accuracy
1.95%
0.29%
8.30%
April 2011 0.32%
Page 31 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
32. North/South America
0.21%
IPv6 Host Penetration
Web only
0.24%
PR: 6.67%
0.61% 2.26%
3.23%
Low Sample 1.31%
0.23%
Low accuracy
1.80%
25%
April 2011 0.28%
Page 32 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
33. Country DNS+WEB+E-mail+NTP % change
sept-10 apr-11
Uruguay (*) 8.30% 8.30%
Venezuela (*) 6.09% 6.09%
Guatemala (*) 6.00% 6.00%
Puerto Rico (*) 3.51% 3.51%
IPv6 Host Penetration
Cuba (*) 2.81% 2.81%
Ecuador (*) 1.95% 1.95%
Brasil 1.52% 1.52%
Infrastructure United States 1.40% 1.40%
Canada 0.98% 0.98%
- DNS or
Mexico 0.37% 0.37%
- Web or Chile 0.32% 0.32%
- E-mail or Colombia (*) 0.29% 0.29%
- NTP Costa Rica (*) 0.23% 0.23%
(*) Low Sample
Low accuracy For (*) the small number of hosts tested make the results
in many countries appear higher than they really are
Page 33 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
34. Country WEB % change
sept-10 apr-11
Uruguay (*) 25.00% 25.00%
Puerto Rico (*) 6.67% 6.67%
Guatemala (*) 3.23% 3.23%
Venezuela (*) 2.26% 2.26%
IPv6 Host Penetration
Ecuador (*) 1.80% 1.80%
Brasil 1.31% 1.31%
Mexico 0.61% 0.61%
Chile 0.28% 0.28%
Web only United States 0.24% 0.24%
Costa Rica (*) 0.23% 0.23%
Canada 0.21% 0.21%
Cuba (*) 0.00% 0.00%
(*) Low Sample Colombia (*) 0.00% 0.00%
Low accuracy
For (*) the small number of hosts tested make the results
in many countries appear higher than they really are
Page 34 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
35. America Trends
North America trailing behind Europe
Elsewhere, data based on low number
of Web sites, needs to be taken in
moderation (the restricted number of
hosting providers can make figures
jump several percentage points)
Page 35 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
36. Worldwide Trends
We are seeing a slow growth in dual stack IPv4-IPv6
implementation
The figures are still very small
There is a small decrease in percentage in some
countries, which would point to unstable peering
agreements (the IPv6 network is less closely meshed
than the IPv4 network)
Bearing in mind the Asia Pacific Regional Internet
Registry has run out of IPv4 addresses, it is alarming
to see so few Web sites up and running IPv6 in that
region.
Page 36 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
37. Future work / funding required
Add more domains to be tested
Add more features to be tested
Current front end Web Pages are only an
example of possible analysis
Develop new data visualisation
Perform further analysis
Perform historical/time analysis from archives
Develop an engine to write automated reports
Duplicate Crawler to other regions
Page 37 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
38. Thank you
Contact: ISOC England – contact@isoc-e.org
CTM
International
Page 38 IPv6 Matrix Project - http://www.ipv6matrix.org
