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Etymology & Pharmacology
• Company or Manufacture
• Drug’s Action or Effect
• Pharmacokinetics
• Origin & Structure
General Rules
Pharmacology Mnemonics
dar as-
sina'ah
Arzenale Arsenal
Arabic Italian English
Medical uses:
• Dyslipidemia ( Lipids & Cholesterol)
• Cardiovascular disease (CHD, Stroke)
• Lipitor, is a member of the drug class ended
by
• Action: inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase (an
enzyme found in liver tissue that plays a key role
in production of cholesterol in the body).
lasts Two to Six hours
Bronchodilator
Used to inhibit blood clots in coronary artery disease, peripheral
vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Works by
irreversibly inhibiting adenosine diphosphate ADP chemoreceptor.
“Milk Anesthesia”
“Milk of Amnesia"
• Intravenous (IV)
• Anesthetic NOT Analgesic
• Sedative & Hypnotic
• Short-acting
Was a contributing
factor in Jackson's
death in 2009
Scientific Name: Atenolol
Examples:
Propranolol
Timolol
Esmolol
Metoprolol
Beta blocker
Produce
( Blood Pressure )
HCL (stomach) secretions
Scientific Name: Omeprazole
Examples:
Lansoprazole
Dexlansoprazole
Esomeprazole
Pantoprazole
Rabeprazole
Other Brand Names
Prilosec ®
Losec ®
IMPORTANT: Used with caution in patients with a history of recent (5 to 6
months) Streptococcal Infection because they may have antibodies against the
drug resulting in increased resistance to its action.
Brand Name
Streptase ®
Isolated from
Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonist
Scientific Name: Tropisetron
Examples:
Ondansetron (Zofran ®)
Granisetron
Palonosetron
Dolasetron
identified
by the
suffix –
setron
Antiemetic to treat
following Chemotherapy
Another Brand Name: Setrovel ®
• Non-depolarizing Neuromuscular
Blocking Agent
Scientific Name: Cisatracurium Besilate
Examples:
Atracurium (Tracrium ®)
Doxacurium (Nuromax ®)
Mivacurium (Mivacron ®)
identified
by the
suffix –
acurium
Important Tips:
• Mechanical Ventilation
• Adjunct to Anesthesia
• NOT Analgesic !!
• Produce Hypotension due
to Histamine Release
Short acting
Scientific Name: Remifentanil
Examples:
Alfentanil (Alfenta®)
Sufentanil (Sufenta®)
Carfentanil (Wildnil ®)
Lofentanil
Fentanyl
Analogues
• Analgesic & Anesthetic
• 100 times more potent than Morphine
Examples
Examples
Examples
• SalivationS
• LacrimationL
• UrinationU
• DigestionD
• DefecationD
• BronchoconstrictionB
Vagal Stimulation = Bradycardia
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Dry Mouth
Dry Eye
Urinary
Retention
Constipation
Constipation
Bronchodilation
Tachycardia
Atropine
• Miosis (pin point pupil)
• Orthostatic hypotension
• Respiratory depression
• Physical dependency
• Histamine release
• Increased ICP
• Nausea
• Euphoria
• Sedation
• Metronidazole
M
• Chloramphenicol
C
• Aminoglycosides
A
• Tetracyclines
T
Hepatic Failure
Gray Baby Syndrome
Ototoxicity
Teeth Discoloration &
Liver Failure
Relatively Contraindicated
& Others like Nitrofurantoin , Quinolones
and Sulfonamides
Alprazolam
Xanax ®
Peak:1-2 hours
Half-life: 6-12 hours
Anxiolytic
Diazepam
Valium ®
Peak: 1-2 hours
Half-life: 20-100 hours
Anxiolytic Anticonvulsant
Muscle relaxant
Lorazepam
Ativan ®
Peak: 2-4 hours
Half-life: 10-20 hours
Anxiolytic Anticonvulsant
Midazolam
Dormicum ®
Peak: 0.5-1 hours
Half-life: 1.8-6 hours
Hypnotic
Flumazenil
Anexate ®
Antidote for
benzodiazepines
Pharmacology & memory just

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Pharmacology & memory just

  • 1.
  • 2. Etymology & Pharmacology • Company or Manufacture • Drug’s Action or Effect • Pharmacokinetics • Origin & Structure General Rules Pharmacology Mnemonics
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11. Medical uses: • Dyslipidemia ( Lipids & Cholesterol) • Cardiovascular disease (CHD, Stroke) • Lipitor, is a member of the drug class ended by • Action: inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase (an enzyme found in liver tissue that plays a key role in production of cholesterol in the body).
  • 12. lasts Two to Six hours
  • 14. Used to inhibit blood clots in coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Works by irreversibly inhibiting adenosine diphosphate ADP chemoreceptor.
  • 15. “Milk Anesthesia” “Milk of Amnesia" • Intravenous (IV) • Anesthetic NOT Analgesic • Sedative & Hypnotic • Short-acting Was a contributing factor in Jackson's death in 2009
  • 17. HCL (stomach) secretions Scientific Name: Omeprazole Examples: Lansoprazole Dexlansoprazole Esomeprazole Pantoprazole Rabeprazole Other Brand Names Prilosec ® Losec ®
  • 18. IMPORTANT: Used with caution in patients with a history of recent (5 to 6 months) Streptococcal Infection because they may have antibodies against the drug resulting in increased resistance to its action. Brand Name Streptase ® Isolated from
  • 19. Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonist Scientific Name: Tropisetron Examples: Ondansetron (Zofran ®) Granisetron Palonosetron Dolasetron identified by the suffix – setron Antiemetic to treat following Chemotherapy Another Brand Name: Setrovel ®
  • 20. • Non-depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocking Agent Scientific Name: Cisatracurium Besilate Examples: Atracurium (Tracrium ®) Doxacurium (Nuromax ®) Mivacurium (Mivacron ®) identified by the suffix – acurium Important Tips: • Mechanical Ventilation • Adjunct to Anesthesia • NOT Analgesic !! • Produce Hypotension due to Histamine Release
  • 21. Short acting Scientific Name: Remifentanil Examples: Alfentanil (Alfenta®) Sufentanil (Sufenta®) Carfentanil (Wildnil ®) Lofentanil Fentanyl Analogues • Analgesic & Anesthetic • 100 times more potent than Morphine
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31. • SalivationS • LacrimationL • UrinationU • DigestionD • DefecationD • BronchoconstrictionB Vagal Stimulation = Bradycardia Parasympathetic Nervous System Dry Mouth Dry Eye Urinary Retention Constipation Constipation Bronchodilation Tachycardia Atropine
  • 32. • Miosis (pin point pupil) • Orthostatic hypotension • Respiratory depression • Physical dependency • Histamine release • Increased ICP • Nausea • Euphoria • Sedation
  • 33. • Metronidazole M • Chloramphenicol C • Aminoglycosides A • Tetracyclines T Hepatic Failure Gray Baby Syndrome Ototoxicity Teeth Discoloration & Liver Failure Relatively Contraindicated & Others like Nitrofurantoin , Quinolones and Sulfonamides
  • 34. Alprazolam Xanax ® Peak:1-2 hours Half-life: 6-12 hours Anxiolytic Diazepam Valium ® Peak: 1-2 hours Half-life: 20-100 hours Anxiolytic Anticonvulsant Muscle relaxant Lorazepam Ativan ® Peak: 2-4 hours Half-life: 10-20 hours Anxiolytic Anticonvulsant Midazolam Dormicum ® Peak: 0.5-1 hours Half-life: 1.8-6 hours Hypnotic Flumazenil Anexate ® Antidote for benzodiazepines

Editor's Notes

  1. Etymology & PharmacologyGeneral RulesCompany or ManufactureDrug’s Action or EffectPharmacokineticsOrigin & StructurePharmacology Mnemonics
  2. Etymology: study of the origin of words, study of the historical development of words علم أصل الكلمات أو تاريخ الألفاظ
  3. The name was derived from the German word "heroisch" (heroic) because of its perceived "heroic" effects upon a user
  4. Hypnotics = hypno
  5. describing the red color
  6. Remember: Ipratropium + Salbutamol (Albuterol) = Combivent
  7. MerzPharma: German pharmaceutical company
  8. CliazaprilOmeprazole
  9. Lescol = fluvastatin
  10. ipratropium
  11. ipratropium
  12. ipratropium
  13. something that is designed to assist the memory (often referring to a word or group of words that can be associated with the information being remembered)
  14. Miosis: pupils constricted (overdose)Orthostatic hypotensionRespiratory depressionPain suppressionHistamine release/ Hormonal alterationsIncreased ICPNauseaEuphoriaSedation
  15. Antibiotics contraindicated during pregnancyM-CAT:Metronidazole (Flagyl ®)ChloramphenicolAminoglycosides (Gentramicin, Amikacin .. etc.)Tetracyclines