Environmental Emergenices

Chapter Environmental Emergencies Eighteen

Chapter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Eighteen CORE CONCEPTS

The body tries to balance heat loss and heat gain to maintain normal temperature. T EMPERATURE REGULATION

Hypothermia (low temperature) Hyperthermia (high temperature)

The body loses heat in 5 ways: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Heat Loss from Radiation Heat Loss from Convection

Heat Loss from Conduction Heat Loss from Evaporation

Predisposing Factors Generalized Hypothermia ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

[object Object],Predisposing Factors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Generalized Hypothermia (Continued)

[object Object],Predisposing Factors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Generalized Hypothermia (Continued)

Predisposing Factors Generalized Hypothermia ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient ASSESSMENT Generalized Hypothermia Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued) motor function

Patient ASSESSMENT Generalized Hypothermia Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],severe cases) ,[object Object],(Continued)

Patient ASSESSMENT Generalized Hypothermia Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

Patient ASSESSMENT Generalized Hypothermia Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

Patient ASSESSMENT Generalized Hypothermia Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Generalized Hypothermia Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],and prevent further heat loss. ,[object Object],with blanket. ,[object Object],(Continued)

Patient CARE Generalized Hypothermia Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],exert self. ,[object Object],(warmed and humidified). ,[object Object],before starting CPR. (Continued)

Patient CARE Generalized Hypothermia Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],drink stimulants. ,[object Object],(Continued)

Patient CARE Generalized Hypothermia Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],rewarm actively: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

Patient CARE Generalized Hypothermia Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],inappropriately, rewarm passively: ,[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],and exposed ears, nose, face Local Cold Injuries

Clear boundary separates injured/uninjured areas.

Patient ASSESSMENT Superficial (Early) Local Cold Injury Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Superficial (Early) Local Cold Injury Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],oxygen. (Continued)

Patient CARE Superficial (Early) Local Cold Injury Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient ASSESSMENT Deep (Late) Local Cold Injury Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(when thawed)

Patient CARE Deep (Late) Local Cold Injury Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],oxygen. (Continued)

Patient CARE Deep (Late) Local Cold Injury Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

Patient CARE Deep (Late) Local Cold Injury Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],affected extremity (Continued)

Patient CARE Deep (Late) Local Cold Injury Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],long, rewarm actively and rapidly (e.g., wilderness situation) .

Immerse affected part in warm-water bath.

Patient CARE Deep (Late) Local Cold Injury Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],temperature. temperature. ,[object Object],and sensation return. (Continued)

Patient CARE Deep (Late) Local Cold Injury Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

If there is any chance that a warmed body part that has sustained frostbite may refreeze in the time it takes to get the patient out of the backwoods, the experts say we should delay on the initial warming. When the tissue refreezes, the cells can be severely damaged. P RECEPTOR P EARL

Predisposing Factors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Heat Exposure (Continued)

[object Object],Predisposing Factors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Heat Exposure (Continued)

Predisposing Factors ,[object Object],[object Object],Heat Exposure (Continued) ,[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Predisposing Factors Heat Exposure

Patient ASSESSMENT Heat Exposure Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

Patient ASSESSMENT Heat Exposure Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],EMERGENCY ,[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Heat Exposure Patient with Normal to Cool Skin Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued)

Patient CARE Heat Exposure Patient with Normal to Cool Skin Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Heat Exposure Patient with Hot Skin Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Continued) oxygen.

Patient CARE Heat Exposure Patient with Hot Skin Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],armpits.

Drowning Death associated with immersion in water K EY TERM

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Order of Water Rescue Procedures

Near-Drowning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],submerged cardiac arrest patient unless medical direction rules out. (Patient Submerged But Survives)

Patient CARE Near-Drowning (submersion) Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],injury is not ruled out: from water.

Patient is found face down in shallow water. Extend patient’s arms straight up.

Rotate torso toward you as you lower yourself into the water.

Maintain stabilization by holding the patient’s head between his arms.

Patient CARE Near-Drowning (submersion) Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],left side. ,[object Object],[object Object],oxygen. (Continued)

Patient CARE Near-Drowning (submersion) Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],adequate ventilation: over epigastric area.

Patient ASSESSMENT Bites and Stings Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],scorpion, marine animal sting ,[object Object],(Continued)

Patient ASSESSMENT Bites and Stings Signs and Symptoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patient CARE Bites and Stings Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],venom into wound. (Continued)

Patient CARE Bites and Stings Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],below heart. ,[object Object],area. (Continued)

Patient CARE Bites and Stings Emergency Care Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

1. List the 5 ways in which the body loses heat. 2. What are the treatments for hypothermia? 3. How should a person be turned over when found face down in water? 4. What are the signs and symptoms of a bite or sting? R EVIEW QUESTIONS

Environmental Emergenices

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Environmental Emergenices