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Fostering the “Gift of Sight”
Adapting the Aravind model of high-quality, high-volume, low-cost surgery in rural China

Vision In Practice: A Humanitarian Commercial Enterprise
China Blindness Data

✤   Total number of blind people: 6.6 million (2011 estimate)

✤   Total number of visually impaired people: 13 million (2011 estimate)

✤   National blindness prevalence: 0.5% (2006 estimate)

✤   Leading causes of blindness: cataract, diabetic retinopathy, corneal
    disease, glaucoma

✤   Cataract surgical rate: 800 (2010 estimate)
The Standouts: China and India
Vision in Practice: Our Mission

                 Vision in Practice strives
to eliminate needless blindness in China (and beyond)
      by providing doctors and support staff with
    the clinical and surgical training, business skills,
            resources and networks they need
              to build, operate and expand
high-quality, high-volume and financially sustainable
                    eye care practices
                    in any community
          regardless of patients’ ability to pay.
Cataract surgery training at Aravind
Since 2008, organized training in India of 50+ Chinese surgeons in ECCE, SICS, phaco
What awaits these
surgeons upon their
return to China?

✤   Limited access to surgical
    opportunities, despite training

✤   Temptation to “moonlight”
    outside on nights, weekends

✤   Continuing low salaries due to
    “monopoly” of senior surgeons

✤   Collapsing morale, temptation
    to abandon medical practice for
    industry jobs
An Aravind-Inspired Workplace

✤   Demand generation: Intense       ✤   Cost recovery: Premium
    focus on rural screening camps       subsidizes low-cost surgeries

✤   Capacity building: Training,     ✤   Reimbursement: Multiple
    retraining and recruitment to        sources of revenue capture
    meet newly generated demand
                                     ✤   Nothing is “free”: Standard
✤   Safety is paramount: Low rate        Surgery provided at “no cost to
    of complications best assured        the patient”, but optional
    by staff empowerment, high           upgrades help drive revenue
    skills and accountability
                                     ✤   Patient counseling: Even the
✤   Services with dignity: Treat         poor can make intelligent,
    patients as if they were kin         informed decisions
Prototype: Tancheng Xinyimin Hospital
Founded in 2009 by local Tancheng County ophthalmologist Dr Tian Zuolong
Dr Tian Zuolong




Inspired by Aravind in Dr Ramakrishnan’s 2005 lecture at COOC Shanghai
Trained in SICS by Dr Hao Xiaojun following Hao’s 2-year fellowship at Aravind
Founded Xinyimin Hospital in 2009, determined to embrace the Aravind model
Without screening and using only SICS, has restored sight in 1,000+ walk-in patients
In 2011, joined with Vision in Practice to redeploy Xinyimin as demonstration hospital
Dr Hao Xiaojun




First read about Aravind in Chinese edition of Ophthalmology World Report in 2003
In 2004, selected as first Chinese trainee as Dr Venkataswamy demanded a China strategy
In 2006, became the first international doctor to undertake a 2-year fellowship at Aravind
Since 2008 has experimented with “screen-to-surgery” model in Hangzhou and Guiyang
Co-founded Vision in Practice in 2009, serving as Medical Director
Co-leading ViP’s overhaul of China’s top residency program at Fudan University/EENT
Dr May Khadem




Faculty ophthalmologist at Northwestern University, and veteran anti-blindness activist
Decades of experience as cataract surgeon and surgical trainer in many countries
Deployed to China in 2010 with a personal mission to tackle barriers to quality eye care
Joined Vision in Practice in 2011 as Director of Programs
Leading ViP’s overhaul of China’s top residency program at Fudan University/EENT
Jeffrey Parker




Veteran journalist and media executive based in China since 1990
Founding editor of China and India editions of Ophthalmology World Report
In 2007, bridged Chinese and Indian ophthalmologists with surgical training exchange
Founded Vision in Practice in 2009 to foster better venues of practice for Aravind trainees
As ViP’s Executive Director, strives to match resources with opportunity and acute need
Xinyimin gets a facelift
Three days of intensive training
Redeployment, division of labor
Role playing, team building....
Text
Discussion and planning...
All together now: Screening as a
       joyous team effort
Outreach in the open air
Despite only one day’s notice, 86 villagers turn out for county’s first free screening
Logistical challenges
of poor, rural patients


✤   88 years old, with operable
    cataract in both eyes

✤   Lives alone with no phone,
    doesn’t know her own address

✤   Hobbled to screening on feet
    that were bound in her youth

✤   Keen for free screening, walked
    1 hour from another village
Camp Metrics

✤   Screened villagers range from
    infants to nonagenarians

✤   Screening differs widely: many
    ailments, wide demographics

✤   Nearly 1 in 3 presents with
    serious cataracts, most with at
    least one operable eye

✤   Many have no means to travel
    to hospital or district town
Reaching the unreached
Daily screenings,
Saturday surgery

✤   Villagers screened in 21 weeks:     3,671

✤   Cataract candidates found: 1,047 (29%)

✤   Procedures performed:          269 (26%)

✤   Treated at no charge:          134 (50%)

✤   Opted for paid upgrades:       135 (50%)

✤   Selected phaco at 2,599 RMB:      13 (5%)
—


                                                             10.2
                                                   1/5                         1/5    10.8      1           2



21-week financials                                 1/2

                                                   1

                                                   2
                                                             1.5
                                                             650

                                                             0.8
                                                                           *   1/2
                                                                               1/20

                                                                               1
                                                                                      30

                                                                                      5

                                                                                      60
                                                                                                2

                                                                                                1

                                                                                                1
                                                                                                            6

                                                                                                            6

                                                                                                            5

                                                   2         50                1      5         2   /  80
                                                                                                  /
                                                                                                1302.3
                                                                                                  (
                                                   1         300               1      80

                                                                                                496.7
                                                                                                  )
                                              **                   1799

✤   Total cost (RMB)               265,806    1.                                           AB

                                              2.
                                              3.



✤   Paid upgrade revenue           144,465         2011           07      16




                                                         —
    Imported IOL (85 @ 599)       50,915
    Heparin IOL (28 @ 1,799)      50,372
                                                             10.2
                                                   1/5                         1/5    10.8      1            2
    Phaco/foldable (13 @ 2,599)   33,787
                                                   1/2       1.5           *   1/2    30        2            6

✤   Surplus (loss)                (121,341)        1          65               1/20   5         1            6

                                                   2         0.8               1      60        1            5

                                                   2         50                1      5         2       /    80
                                                                                                    /
✤   If insurance @ 800/eye* 215,200                1         300               1      80
                                                                                                717.3


                                              **

                                              1.                                                            AB
✤   “Potential surplus”             93,859    2.
                                              3.



                                                   2011            7      16
Happy patients,
  happy staff,
 happy donors
Vision in Practice Objectives

✤   Provide access to high-quality, hands-on surgical training that
    remains virtually unavailable in China

✤   Provide management consulting/coaching to cultivate a dynamic,
    efficient workplace marked by teamwork, smart division of labor

✤   Provide empowerment training to nurses, technicians, marketing,
    logistics, finance and other non-physician staff to optimize efficiency

✤   Comprehensive community outreach training to accelerate demand

✤   Facilitate access to insurance reimbursement, grants, investment,
    loans and other financing to achieve sustainability/profitability
Vision in Practice priming the pump:
  Quality flows to all, regardless of
            ability to pay

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Gift of sight_by_vision_in_practice

  • 1. Fostering the “Gift of Sight” Adapting the Aravind model of high-quality, high-volume, low-cost surgery in rural China Vision In Practice: A Humanitarian Commercial Enterprise
  • 2. China Blindness Data ✤ Total number of blind people: 6.6 million (2011 estimate) ✤ Total number of visually impaired people: 13 million (2011 estimate) ✤ National blindness prevalence: 0.5% (2006 estimate) ✤ Leading causes of blindness: cataract, diabetic retinopathy, corneal disease, glaucoma ✤ Cataract surgical rate: 800 (2010 estimate)
  • 4. Vision in Practice: Our Mission Vision in Practice strives to eliminate needless blindness in China (and beyond) by providing doctors and support staff with the clinical and surgical training, business skills, resources and networks they need to build, operate and expand high-quality, high-volume and financially sustainable eye care practices in any community regardless of patients’ ability to pay.
  • 5. Cataract surgery training at Aravind Since 2008, organized training in India of 50+ Chinese surgeons in ECCE, SICS, phaco
  • 6. What awaits these surgeons upon their return to China? ✤ Limited access to surgical opportunities, despite training ✤ Temptation to “moonlight” outside on nights, weekends ✤ Continuing low salaries due to “monopoly” of senior surgeons ✤ Collapsing morale, temptation to abandon medical practice for industry jobs
  • 7. An Aravind-Inspired Workplace ✤ Demand generation: Intense ✤ Cost recovery: Premium focus on rural screening camps subsidizes low-cost surgeries ✤ Capacity building: Training, ✤ Reimbursement: Multiple retraining and recruitment to sources of revenue capture meet newly generated demand ✤ Nothing is “free”: Standard ✤ Safety is paramount: Low rate Surgery provided at “no cost to of complications best assured the patient”, but optional by staff empowerment, high upgrades help drive revenue skills and accountability ✤ Patient counseling: Even the ✤ Services with dignity: Treat poor can make intelligent, patients as if they were kin informed decisions
  • 8. Prototype: Tancheng Xinyimin Hospital Founded in 2009 by local Tancheng County ophthalmologist Dr Tian Zuolong
  • 9. Dr Tian Zuolong Inspired by Aravind in Dr Ramakrishnan’s 2005 lecture at COOC Shanghai Trained in SICS by Dr Hao Xiaojun following Hao’s 2-year fellowship at Aravind Founded Xinyimin Hospital in 2009, determined to embrace the Aravind model Without screening and using only SICS, has restored sight in 1,000+ walk-in patients In 2011, joined with Vision in Practice to redeploy Xinyimin as demonstration hospital
  • 10. Dr Hao Xiaojun First read about Aravind in Chinese edition of Ophthalmology World Report in 2003 In 2004, selected as first Chinese trainee as Dr Venkataswamy demanded a China strategy In 2006, became the first international doctor to undertake a 2-year fellowship at Aravind Since 2008 has experimented with “screen-to-surgery” model in Hangzhou and Guiyang Co-founded Vision in Practice in 2009, serving as Medical Director Co-leading ViP’s overhaul of China’s top residency program at Fudan University/EENT
  • 11. Dr May Khadem Faculty ophthalmologist at Northwestern University, and veteran anti-blindness activist Decades of experience as cataract surgeon and surgical trainer in many countries Deployed to China in 2010 with a personal mission to tackle barriers to quality eye care Joined Vision in Practice in 2011 as Director of Programs Leading ViP’s overhaul of China’s top residency program at Fudan University/EENT
  • 12. Jeffrey Parker Veteran journalist and media executive based in China since 1990 Founding editor of China and India editions of Ophthalmology World Report In 2007, bridged Chinese and Indian ophthalmologists with surgical training exchange Founded Vision in Practice in 2009 to foster better venues of practice for Aravind trainees As ViP’s Executive Director, strives to match resources with opportunity and acute need
  • 13. Xinyimin gets a facelift
  • 14. Three days of intensive training
  • 16. Role playing, team building....
  • 18. All together now: Screening as a joyous team effort
  • 19. Outreach in the open air Despite only one day’s notice, 86 villagers turn out for county’s first free screening
  • 20. Logistical challenges of poor, rural patients ✤ 88 years old, with operable cataract in both eyes ✤ Lives alone with no phone, doesn’t know her own address ✤ Hobbled to screening on feet that were bound in her youth ✤ Keen for free screening, walked 1 hour from another village
  • 21. Camp Metrics ✤ Screened villagers range from infants to nonagenarians ✤ Screening differs widely: many ailments, wide demographics ✤ Nearly 1 in 3 presents with serious cataracts, most with at least one operable eye ✤ Many have no means to travel to hospital or district town
  • 23. Daily screenings, Saturday surgery ✤ Villagers screened in 21 weeks: 3,671 ✤ Cataract candidates found: 1,047 (29%) ✤ Procedures performed: 269 (26%) ✤ Treated at no charge: 134 (50%) ✤ Opted for paid upgrades: 135 (50%) ✤ Selected phaco at 2,599 RMB: 13 (5%)
  • 24. 10.2 1/5 1/5 10.8 1 2 21-week financials 1/2 1 2 1.5 650 0.8 * 1/2 1/20 1 30 5 60 2 1 1 6 6 5 2 50 1 5 2 / 80 / 1302.3 ( 1 300 1 80 496.7 ) ** 1799 ✤ Total cost (RMB) 265,806 1. AB 2. 3. ✤ Paid upgrade revenue 144,465 2011 07 16 — Imported IOL (85 @ 599) 50,915 Heparin IOL (28 @ 1,799) 50,372 10.2 1/5 1/5 10.8 1 2 Phaco/foldable (13 @ 2,599) 33,787 1/2 1.5 * 1/2 30 2 6 ✤ Surplus (loss) (121,341) 1 65 1/20 5 1 6 2 0.8 1 60 1 5 2 50 1 5 2 / 80 / ✤ If insurance @ 800/eye* 215,200 1 300 1 80 717.3 ** 1. AB ✤ “Potential surplus” 93,859 2. 3. 2011 7 16
  • 25. Happy patients, happy staff, happy donors
  • 26.
  • 27. Vision in Practice Objectives ✤ Provide access to high-quality, hands-on surgical training that remains virtually unavailable in China ✤ Provide management consulting/coaching to cultivate a dynamic, efficient workplace marked by teamwork, smart division of labor ✤ Provide empowerment training to nurses, technicians, marketing, logistics, finance and other non-physician staff to optimize efficiency ✤ Comprehensive community outreach training to accelerate demand ✤ Facilitate access to insurance reimbursement, grants, investment, loans and other financing to achieve sustainability/profitability
  • 28. Vision in Practice priming the pump: Quality flows to all, regardless of ability to pay