1. Understanding the
Elements of Sound
and Moving Image

2. Moving Image Production
Moving Image:
A moving image production, could be classified as a film, television
programme, documentary, television advert, music video or any type of
production that involves a sequence of images moving along to make a full
production (similar to a flipbook). Every single year more than 323 new
releases in theatres every year, it is important that they are organised in
categories to suit every individual’s needs, these categories are called
‘Genres’. There are many different film genres including:
Action
Adventure
Comedy
Crime
Erotica
Faction
Fantasy
Historical
Horror
Mystery
Paranoid
Philosophical
Political
Romance
Saga
Satire
Science fiction
Slice of Life
Speculative
Thriller
Urban

3. Soundtrack:
Since the beginning of film, moving image productions have been
accompanied with music (soundtrack), soundtrack is made for the moving
image (film) as without the sound, a motion picture would quickly become
confusing, boring and pointless.
There are different kinds of sound used in film (moving image), and each
kind of sound had its own use:
Diegetic Sounds- Sounds from your location
Non-Diegetic Sounds – Music added through editing (usually to express
emotion)
Foley Sounds- Pre-recorded natural sounds
Digital sounds- sounds made using computer (used in fantasy movies and
video games)
Live broadcast
These mechanisms of sounds are constantly used in the production and
purpose of moving images. Soundtracks are usually added into the moving
image, during the editing process, this is done in order to get a more
accurate and high quality outcome. This means that the people who make
soundtracks to moving images must be skilled in certain areas:
Must be able to choose the correct equipment and use microphones
professionally.
Must be able to mix and edit audio correctly
Must be able to prepare and create sound in a studio or filming location to
a professional standard
There are different types of sounds to be created, such as:
Dialogue
Ambient sounds
Voice over
Diegetic sounds
Non diegetic
Action code
Underscore
Sound effect
Instrumental soundtrack

4. Analysis of Musical Ingredients
Composers can use a number of different musical element to achieve a
certain mood or emotion through a soundtrack, these can include:
Tempo
Dynamics
Instrumentation
Rhythm
Melody
Texture
Harmony/key
Structure
SFX
To recording these sounds, composers use microphones, there are many
different types of microphones available for different uses.
Dynamic
Capacitor
Electric
Condenser
Ribbon
Carbon
Crystal
Tie Clip (Lavier)
Rifle
Boom
Radio
PZM (pressure zone microphone)
Polar Patterns –
Omni
Cardioid
Hyper Cardioid
Figure of 8