2. URBAN WATER SUPPLY
Water is a precious natural resource and one of
the most essential requirements of all living being.
Regions with the highest growth rate are not
having access to water both in terms of quantity and
quality.
Indian cities receive intermittent water supply.
Need is to understand – Quantity is not sufficient
an quality is deteriorating.
3. PIPED WATER SUPPLIED IN CITIES
Major source of supply.
Intermittent and erratic.
Pressure is not acceptable.
In equalities in service provision between the rich
and poor.
High rate of water losses from the distribution
system.
4. ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
Population growth and Urbanization.
Growing urban water demand.
Infrastructure is aging and deteriorating.
Increased pollution from municipal and industrial
discharge.
Over exploitation of water resource.
5. WATER SUPPLIES IN INDIAN CITIES
S.NO NAME OF CITY LPCD
1. BANGLORE 138
2. CHENNAI 136
3. DELHI 154
4. HYDERABAD 181
5 KOLKATA 83
6. MUMBAI 263
SOURCE: CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL
BOARD
6. IMPACT OF WATER ON LIVING CONDITION
Inadequacy in the quantity and quality of drinking water –
Unsafe.
Inadequate infrastructure in the disposal of waste water –
poor sanitation.
Unsafe water to poor sanitation leading to poor hygiene
and water-related disease.
7. CAPACITY OF PIPED WATER SUPPLY IN BANGLORE CITY
Established Actual
Source During Potential Supply
(Year) (MLD) (MLD)
1. Aarkavati River
1896 36 -
a) Hesaragatta
1933 148 60
b) T.G. Halli
2. Cauvery River
1974 135 135
a) Stage - 1
1983 135 135
b) Stage - 2
1993 270 270
c) Stage - 3
2002 270 270
d) Stage - 4 - Phase-1
2011* 500* 500*
e) Stage – 4 – Phase-2*
1494 1370
TOTAL
*The Cauvery Water supply stage – 4 –Phase – 2 is under implementation and will be
completed in 2011.
** The Quantity from TG Halli (60 MLD) might be very less in that day.
8. SUPPLY AND DEMAND GAP
The supply cannot meet the demand.
The unaccounted for water is about 35-40%.
To meet the deficit other source of water and tapped.
BWSSB is also supplying water through its 6750 bore
wells and 22 water tankers.
9. GROUNDWATER SCENARIO IN BANGLORE CITY
Groundwater plays an important role in the total water
supply of the city. 40% of the population of Bangalore is
dependent on ground water.
Number of the bore wells in the city is ranging from
200,000 to 400,000.
Over exploitation and poor management have contributed
to groundwater depletion and quality problem.
10. PRESENT SCENARIO OF WATER SUPPLY
BWSSB has divided Bangalore in to six zone.
Calculation of water consumption
PIPED WATER SUPPLY – Population and per capita
consumption in each zone.
GROUNDWATER – Assuming 50% of the bore wells
are dry, and the remaining bore wells yielding about
1.5lit/sec, with a pumping of 2 hour duration per day
14. Some best management practices for enhancing
distribution system reliability through maintenance
include:
1.Regular storage tank inspections and maintenance.
2.Implementing a cleaning/ lining program.
3.Developing an infrastructure replacement program.
4.Instituting a valve and hydrant exercise program.
5.Maintaining a leak detection program.
6.Implementing a meter repairs/ replacement program.
15.
16. CONTROLS OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
To reach the target / set point (reservoir flows / levels).
To reach the targets as fast as possible.
To ensure the smoothest possible operation of
valves/pumps.
To control the slow transients.
For real time operation monitored by SCADA.
Particularly useful for complex pipe networks.
17. CLEAN WATER FOR HEALTHY LIVING
CONDITION
To provide secured and safe water
SECURED – Adequate amount of water.
SAFE – Suitable quality is maintained of water.
To improve environmental sanitation
Increase sanitation coverage.
To increase hygiene and health care
Improve quality of water supply sources and storage
facilities.
18. MANAGEMENT OF TREATED WATER DURING
DISTRIBUTION AND STORAGE
Regulation for maintaining water quality standards in
distribution systems.
Maintain minimum residence time.
Regular monitoring at storage and other junctions.
Flushing and maintenance of storage facilities.