Pearson 6th Earth Science terms and defintions

1. Ch. 17- Stars and Galaxies

2. 1. ____________________- radiant energy transferred by waves; includes x-rays, visible colors, ultraviolet, infrared, microwave and gamma rays electromagnetic spectrum

5. 2. ____________________- first type to be developed; uses a convex lens; bigger the lens, less accurate refracting telescope

7. 3. _____________________- concave mirror; reflects to eyepiece and is enlarged reflecting telescope

9. 4. _______________- dish plus receiver; collects radio waves radio telescope

11. 5. ________________- telescope above Earth’s atmosphere; provides better images without atmospheric distortions Hubble telescope

12. 6. _____________- star pictures in the night sky 7. ________ _________- how bright a star appears from Earth 8. ________ _________- the actual brightness of a star constellations apparent brightness absolute brightness

14. 9. ________- the distance light travels in a year (light speed = 186,000 mps) light year

15. 10. ________- apparent change in position of an object when you look from different places parallax

16. 11. ____________- a graph that relates the temperature and absolute brightness of stars H-R diagram

18. 12. _____________- diagonal area on a H-R diagram that includes 90 % of all stars Main sequence

19. 13. ______- low-density cloud of gases and dust nebula

21. "For the eyes of the Lord run throughout the whole earth to show Himself strong in behalf of those who are fully committed to Him." THIS IS A PICTURE NASA TOOK WITH THE HUBBLE TELESCOPE.. IT IS SIMPLY CALLED "THE EYE OF GOD".

22. 14. _________- a contracting cloud of gas and dust with enough mass to form a star protostar

23. 15. ____________-dense core of dying star (so dense that one spoonful on Earth would weigh several tons ) white dwarf

24. 16. ____- sudden brightness of a star nova

25. 17. _________- major outburst of energy supernova

26. 18. ____________- mass left after supernova collapses neutron star

27. 19. ______- rapidly spinning neutron star; emits energy waves at regular intervals pulsar

28. 20. __________- matter condensed so tightly that no light can escape black hole

29. 21. ______________- when two stars orbit each other binary system 22. _______________- a system in which one star periodically blocks the light from another eclipsing binary

30. 23. __________- loose, disorganized area with only a few thousand stars; _________ _______- large grouping of older stars open cluster globular cluster

31. 24. _________- great, swollen stars near the end of their existence red giant

32. 25. ______- large group of stars, gas, dust and satellites held together by gravity galaxy

33. A. ________- most common type elliptical

34. B. ______- curved arms from inner parts ________- our galaxy Milky Way spiral

35. C. __________- all others irregular

37. Timeline of the Big Bang

38. 26. _________ _____- the farther away a galaxy is, the faster it is moving Hubble’s law

39. 27. __________________________- electromagnetic radiation through the cosmos Cosmic background radiation

40. 28. _____________- a rotating cloud of gas and dust that could have formed our solar system Solar nebula

41. 29. _____________- outer parts of nebula that became planets planetesimals

42. 30. __________-matter that does not give off radiation; cannot be seen; inferred by observing its effect on other objects

43. 31. ___________- mysterious force that seems to be causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate dark energy

44. 32. Stars are classified by: A. _______________ B. _______________ C. _______________ size brightness temperature

45. How big are we?

46. 1. Earth compared to the smaller planets (Venus, Mars, Mercury and Pluto): 1. Earth compared to the smaller planets (Venus, Mars, Mercury and Pluto):

47. 2. Earth compared to the larger planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune):

48. 3. The larger planets compared to the Sun:

49. 4. Our Sun compared to Sirius, Pollux and Arcturus:

50. 5. Sirius, Pollux and Arcturus compared to Rigel, Aldebaran, Betelgeuse and Antares

51. The End