13. 13
1.2
(ASTM C 204)
(Density of Mercury Viscosity of Air ( ) and
at Given
Temperatures)
Room
Density of
Temperature
Mercury
C
Mg / m 3
Viscosity of
Air
Pa.s
18
13.55
17.98
4.24
20
13.55
18.08
4.25
22
13.54
18.18
4.26
24
13.54
18.28
4.28
21. 21
6.
(Specific
Surface)
S
=
SS
(3)
T
TS
S
=
SS
S
S S (b S ) 3 T
=
S
=
3 TS (b )
S
S S (b S ) 3 T
3
S
S
S
=
(b )
S S S (bS S ) S 3 T
(b ) 3 TS T
S
cm 2 / g
SS
TS (b )
3
S
=
=
cm 2 / g
(5)
(6)
S S S (bS S ) 3
=
S
(4)
TS
S
T
(7)
T
TS
(8)
40. 40
(Test for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat
Needle)
1.
(Setting or
Stiffening)
(Hardening)
2
(Initial
Time)
Time)
Setting
(Final
Setting
60. 60
(Permeable
Pore)
Bulk
Density
(at
X)=
/
Bulk Density
(Saturated Surface Dry)
Bulk Density (at X and SSD Basis)
=
SSD /
1.3
(Specific Gravity of
Density) (
1.3.1
Relative
: -)
(Specific Gravity)
(
)
X
(
)
Y
Specific Gravity (at X,Y)
=
Density (of Material) (at X)/Density of Water (at Y)
1.4
(Apparent
Specific
Gravity)
Apparent Specific Gravity (at X,Y) = Apparent
Density
Y)
(at
X)/Density
of
Water
(at
61. 61
.
Density of Water at 20
Y
/
C=1
.
=
20
C
.
Apparent Specific Gravity (at X,20) = Apparent
Density (at X)
1.5
(Bulk Specific Gravity)
Bulk Specific Gravity (at X,Y)
= Bulk Density
(at X)/ Density of Water (at Y)
Density
/
.
.
Y = 20
Bulk
C
Bulk Specific Gravity (at X,20)
=
Bulk
Density (at X)
1.6
4
(SSD)
2
2.1
(
66. 66
0.5
B
)
6.2.2
(
C
)
6.2.3
6.1.4 (
A)
7
7.1
Bulk Specific Gravity (Oven Dry)
=
Bulk Specific Gravity (SSD)
=
Apparent specific Gravity (Oven Dry)
=
A
(B S C)
S
(B S C)
A
(B A C)
Absorption (%)
A
=
100
=
S
( S A)
A
=
B
=
SSD
67. 67
C
=
7.2
Bulk Specific Gravity (Oven Dry)
=
Bulk Specific Gravity (SSD)
=
Apparent specific Gravity (Oven Dry)
=
A
(B C)
B
(B C)
A
( A C)
Absorption (%)
A
C
Specific Gravity
7.3
100
)
=
(
SSD
( B A)
A
=
(
B
=
)
=
(
Absorption
(Specific Gravity)
)
68. 68
G Avg.
=
1/(P1/100G1)+(P2/100G2)+…………(Pn/100Gn
)
G Avg.
Specific Gravity
=
G1,G2…Gn=
Specific
Gravity
1,2…n
P1,P2…
Pn=
1,2…n
7.4
(Absorption)
G
Avg.
=
(P1A1/100)+(P2A2/100)+…………..(PnAn/100)
G Avg. =
A1,A2…An =
Absorption
Absorption
1,2…n
8
8.1
8.1.1
Bulk Specific Gravity
8.1.2
Bulk Specific Gravity (SSD)
8.1.3
Apparent Specific Gravity
69. 69
8.1.4
Absorption Capacity (% over
Oven-Dry Basis)
8.2
8.2.1
What is difference between
Apparent and Bulk Specific
Gravity?
8.2.2 If sample of sand sample is drier that SSD
condition, what would the determination of Bulk Specific
Gravity (SSD) be affected assuming the sample becomes
saturated during the test.
8.2.3 Would the apparent specific gravity be
affected in the same manner,explain?
9 Reference
9.1
ASTM C127 Standard Test Method for
Specific Gravity and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
9.2
ASTM C128 Standard Test Method for
Specific Gravity and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
9.3
ASTM C70 Standard Test Method for
Surface Moisture in Fine Aggregate
80. 80
3/4
No 4
No 8
No 16
No 30
No 50
No 100
Pan
Total
Fineness Modulus =
X
100
Xi = % Cumulative Retained on Sieve I
I = Each Sieve of the Standard Set from Maximum
one to Sieve No 100
113. 113
6.
6.1
ASTM C109 Standard Test Method for
Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
6.2
ASTM C230 Standard Specification for
Flow Table for Use in Tests of Hydraulic Cement
128. 128
Shear Tool Box
Bolt
Specimen No. ………………………………………………Diameter
…………………………… mm.
Length……………………………………………mm.
Type of
Bolt……………………...........
Type of Shear Failure ………………………………………….
Tested
by………………………………………………………
Group No. …………………………..
Date ………………………………………………………
Readi
Load
Deformatio
Shearing
Average
ng No.
(kg)
n
Stress
(ton)
135. 135
a
=
Average Distance between
line of Fracture and the Nearest Support measured on the
Tension of the Beam (cm.)
5%
(Discard)
7.
ASTM C78 AASHTO T97 Flexural Strength of
Concrete
(Torsion Test of Steel Cast Iron and Brass)
1.
143. 143
Specimen Data
Type …………………………………………………..
Length
………………………………… mm.
Weight …………………………………………….. g.
Diameter
………………………………… mm
Gage Length …………………………………… mm.
Cross Section
Area …………………… mm.2
Tested by ……………………………………………
Group No.
………………………………….
Date …………………………………………………..
Readin Scale Reading at
2
3
4
the
the
(Nm)
Specimen
(rev)
1
Load Torque
Worm Gear Input
g No.
Twisting Angle at
(degree)
145. 145
Type ………………………………………………..
Length
………………………………… mm.
Weight …………………………………………….. g.
Diameter
………………………………… mm
Gage Length …………………………………… mm.
Cross Section
Area …………………… mm.2
Tested by ……………………………………………
Group No.
……………………………………
Date …………………………………………………..
Readin
Scale Reading at
Twisting Angle at
Load Torque
g No.
the
the
(Nm)
Worm Gear Input
Specimen (degree)
(rev)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
155. 155
Tested by ………………………………………………………………
Group No. ……………………………
Date ………………………………………………………………
Specimen No.
Cross Section W ×
L (cm)
Weight (g)
Density (g/cm3)
Annual Growth
Rings per cm.
Water Content (%)
Compressive
Strength at PL
Yield Stress
(kg/cm2)
Ultimate Stress
(kg/cm2)
1
2
3
160. 160
6.13.3
Modulus of Elasticity (E)
StressatPL
StrainatPL
=
7
ASTM D143 Standard Methods of Testing Small
Clear Specimens of Timber
Tested by ……………………………………………………….
Group No. ………………………
Date …………………………………………………………….
Specimen No.
Cross Section W ×
L(cm)
Weight (g)
Density (g/cm3)
Annual Growth
Rings per cm.
Water Content (%)
Compressive
1
2
3
165. 165
5.
5.1
5.2
Shear Tool Box
Shear ToolBox
5.3
Apply Load
Cross Head
Maximum Load
5.4
5.5
Moisture Content
5.6
Specific Gravity
SP
W
V W
SP
=
Specific Gravity
W
=
kg)
V
=
( cm 3 )
W
5.7
=
=
Density
kg / cm 3
Shearing Stress)
166. 166
Shearing Stress
=
P
m
A
Pm
=
Maximum Load
A
=
Shearing Area
6.
ASTM D143 Standard Methods of Testing Small
Clear Specification of Timber
Tested by ………………………………………………… Group
No. ………………………………
Date
……………………………………………….
Specimen No.
Type of Wood
(cm × cm)
Cross Section w
1
2
3
171. 171
6.10.2
Modulus of Rupture ( r )
3Pm ax L
2bd 2
6.10.3
PL3
4bd 3
6.10.4
2
PL
18
ksc.
Modulus of Elasticity (E)
=
ksc.
Modulus Resilience (R)
=
Maximum Shearing Stress ( m ax )
=
ksc.
6.10.5
3Pm ax
4bd
6.10.6
(W) =
=
(1 )
2
P
ksc.
Average Total Work to Ultimate Load
Pm ax m ax watt
=
Load at PL
=
Maximum Load
=
Span Length
=
Width of Beam
=
Depth of Beam
(kg.)
Pm ax
(kg.)
L
(cm.)
b
(cm.)
d
(cm.)
172. 172
=
Central Deflection at PL
=
Maximum Center Deflection
(cm.)
m ax
(cm.)
11.4
7
ASTM D 143 Standard Methods of Testing Small
Clear Specification of Timber
188. 188
9.2.3Unit Weight
10.
10.1
ASTM C192 Standard Method of Making
and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
10.2
ASTM C138 Standard Method for Unit
Weight and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
10.3
ASTM C231 Standard Test Method for Air
Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure
Method
192. 192
5.6
(Splitting Tensile
Strength ft)
=
ft
=
ft
2P/ LD
2P/ D 2
P
=
Maximum Load (kg.)
L
=
Length of Cylinder (cm.)
D
=
Diameter of Cylinder
Width
of Cube (cm.)
ft
=
Splitting Tensile Strength
5.7
(Approximate Tensile Strength)
6.
6.1
6.2
6.3
TensileStrength
Splitting
Splitting
TensileStrength
TensileStrength
Splitting
193. 193
6.4
(Tensile
Strength)
Approximate Tensile Strength of Concrete =
0.85 ft
6.5
7.
7.1
Splitting
ASTM C 496Standard Test Method for
Tensile
Strength
of
Cylindrical
Concrete
Specimens
7.2
AASHTO T198 Splitting Tensile Strength of
Cylindrical Concrete Specimen
194. 194
Type of Specimen: Cylinder
Tested by …………………………………………… Group
No. ……………………………….
Date:
………………………………………..
Age
of
Concrete Specimen …………….. days
Specimen
Diameter
Length
Weight
Load
Splitting Tensile
196. 196
Average Splitting Tensile Strength ………………………..
(kg/cm2) or ……………… MPa
(Compression Test of Concrete)
1.
(Compressive Strength)
(Water-Cement
Ratio)
200. 200
12.3.3
7.
7.1
Ultimate Compressive Strength
Ultimate Compressive Strength =
P
A
P
=
Ultimate Load (kg)
A
=
Cross Section Area (cm2)
7.2
Average
Compressive
Average
Compressive
Strength
7.3
Strength
Average Splitting Tensile Strength
8.
8.1
ASTM C31 Standard Method of Making
and Curing Concrete Test Specimen in the Field.
8.2
ASTM
C39
Standard
Method
for
Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens.
201. 201
8.3
ASTM C192 Standard Method of Making
and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
8.4
ASTM C617 Standard Practice of Capping
Cylindrical Concrete Specimens.
Type of Specimen: Cylinder
202. 202
Tested by ……………………………………………………
Group No. ……………………….
Date: ……………………………………… Age of Concrete
Specimen ……………... days
Compressive
Specimen
No.
Diameter
Length
Weight
(cm) (mm) (cm) (mm)
(kg)
Load
Strength
(kgf) (KN) (kg/cm2) (Mpa)
1
2
3
Average Compressive Strength ……………………………
(kg/cm2) or ……………… MPa
Type of Specimen: Cube
Compressi
Specimen
No.
1
2
Width
Length
Height
(cm) (mm) (cm) (mm) (cm) (mm)
Weight
(kg)
Load
Strength
(kgf) (KN) (kg/cm2) (M