Decision-Based Learning - Diff rel-ind-good fit( (practice problems)

1. Now that you have been shown the difference
between these four question types:

2. Now that you have been shown the difference
between these four question types:

3. You will be shown a series of problems, asked to
classify them, and then shown the correct
classification.

4. Problem #1

5. Problem #1
A pizza café owner wants to know which type of
high school athlete she should market to.
Should she market to high school football,
basketball, or soccer players?

6. Problem #1
A pizza café owner wants to know which type of
high school athlete she should market to.
Should she market to high school football,
basketball, or soccer players?

7. Problem #1
A pizza café owner wants to know which type of
high school athlete she should market to.
Should she market to high school football,
basketball, or soccer players?
So she measures the ounces of pizza eaten by 12
football, 12 basketball, and 12 soccer players in
one sitting to determine who eats more.

8. How would you classify this question?
A pizza café owner wants to know which type of high
school athlete she should market to. Should she
market to high school football, basketball, or soccer
players?
So she measures the ounces of pizza eaten by 12
football, 12 basketball, and 12 soccer players in one
sitting to determine who eats more.

9. This is a question of difference:
Click to see our rationale.
A pizza café owner wants to know which type of high
school athlete she should market to. Should she
market to high school football, basketball, or soccer
players?
So she measures the ounces of pizza eaten by 12
football, 12 basketball, and 12 soccer players in one
sitting to determine who eats more.

10. A pizza café owner wants to know which type of high
school athlete she should market to. Should she
market to high school football, basketball, or soccer
players?
So she measures the ounces of pizza eaten by 12
football, 12 basketball, and 12 soccer players in one
sitting to determine who eats more.
Group 1
are different,
similar or
comparable to one
another
based on
Some
Outcome
Group 2 & Group 3

11. A pizza café owner wants to know which type of high
school athlete she should market to. Should she
market to high school football, basketball, or soccer
players?
So she measures the ounces of pizza eaten by 12
football, 12 basketball, and 12 soccer players in one
sitting to determine who eats more.
Football
Players
are different,
similar or
comparable to one
another
based on
Some
Outcome
Group 2 & Group 3

12. A pizza café owner wants to know which type of high
school athlete she should market to. Should she
market to high school football, basketball, or soccer
players?
So she measures the ounces of pizza eaten by 12
football, 12 basketball, and 12 soccer players in one
sitting to determine who eats more.
Football
Players
are different,
similar or
comparable to one
another
based on
Some
Outcome
Basketball
Players
& Group 3

13. A pizza café owner wants to know which type of high
school athlete she should market to. Should she
market to high school football, basketball, or soccer
players?
So she measures the ounces of pizza eaten by 12
football, 12 basketball, and 12 soccer players in one
sitting to determine who eats more.
Football
Players
are different,
similar or
comparable to one
another
based on
Some
Outcome
Basketball
Players
& Soccer
Players

14. A pizza café owner wants to know which type of high
school athlete she should market to. Should she
market to high school football, basketball, or soccer
players?
So she measures the ounces of pizza eaten by 12
football, 12 basketball, and 12 soccer players in one
sitting to determine who eats more.
Football
Players
are different,
similar or
comparable to one
another
based on
Some
Outcome
Basketball
Players
& Soccer
Players

15. A pizza café owner wants to know which type of high
school athlete she should market to. Should she
market to high school football, basketball, or soccer
players?
So she measures the ounces of pizza eaten by 12
football, 12 basketball, and 12 soccer players in one
sitting to determine who eats more.
Football
Players
are different,
similar or
comparable to one
another
based on
Eaten in
one
Sitting
Basketball
Players
& Soccer
Players

16. Therefore, this is a question of difference
A pizza café owner wants to know which type of high
school athlete she should market to. Should she
market to high school football, basketball, or soccer
players?
So she measures the ounces of pizza eaten by 12
football, 12 basketball, and 12 soccer players in one
sitting to determine who eats more.
Football
Players
are different,
similar or
comparable to one
another
based on
Eaten in
one
Sitting
Basketball
Players
& Soccer
Players

18. Problem #2

19. Problem #2
A company prints baseball cards. They claim that
for every pack of 110 cards, 40 are rookies; 60,
veterans; and 10, All-Stars.

20. Problem #2
A company prints baseball cards. They claim that
for every pack of 110 cards, 40 are rookies; 60,
veterans; and 10, All-Stars.
To test their claim, you gather a random sample
of 100 baseball cards. The number of rookies
you collect is 30, of veterans is 65, and All-stars
is 15. Does this sample support the claim?

21. How would you classify this question?
A company prints baseball cards. They claim that for
every pack of 110 cards, 40 are rookies; 60, veterans;
and 10, All-Stars.
To test their claim, you gather a random sample of 100
baseball cards. The number of rookies you collect is 30,
of veterans is 65, and All-stars is 15. Does this sample
support the claim?

22. A company prints baseball cards. They claim that for
every pack of 110 cards, 40 are rookies; 60, veterans;
and 10, All-Stars.
To test their claim, you gather a random sample of 100
baseball cards. The number of rookies you collect is 30,
of veterans is 65, and All-stars is 15. Does this sample
support the claim?
We are testing the claim of a hypothesized count (40, 60,
10) with an observed count (40, 55, 5). Therefore this is
a Goodness of Fit question.

23. A company prints baseball cards. They claim that for
every pack of 110 cards, 40 are rookies; 60, veterans;
and 10, All-Stars.
To test their claim, you gather a random sample of 110
baseball cards. The number of rookies you collect is 30,
of veterans is 65, and All-stars is 15. Does this sample
support the claim?
We are testing the claim of a hypothesized count (40, 60,
10) with an observed count (40, 55, 5). Therefore this is
a Goodness of Fit question.

24. A company prints baseball cards. They claim that for
every pack of 110 cards, 40 are rookies; 60, veterans;
and 10, All-Stars.
To test their claim, you gather a random sample of 100
baseball cards. The number of rookies you collect is 30,
of veterans is 65, and All-stars is 15. Does this sample
support the claim?
We are testing the claim of a hypothesized count (40, 60,
10) with an observed count (30, 65, 15). Therefore this is
a Goodness of Fit question.

25. A company prints baseball cards. They claim that for
every pack of 110 cards, 40 are rookies; 60, veterans;
and 10, All-Stars.
To test their claim, you randomly select a sample of
100 baseball cards. The number of rookies you collect
is 30, of veterans is 65, and All-stars is 15. Does this
sample support the claim?
We are testing the claim of a hypothesized count (40, 60,
10) with an observed count (30, 65, 15). Therefore this is
a Goodness of Fit question.

26. A company prints baseball cards. They claim that for
every pack of 110 cards, 40 are rookies; 60, veterans;
and 10, All-Stars.
To test their claim, you gather a random sample of 100
baseball cards. The count of rookies you collect is 30,
of veterans is 65, and All-stars is 15. Does this sample
support the claim?
We are testing the claim of a hypothesized count (30, 60,
10) with an observed count (30, 65, 15). Therefore this
is a Goodness of Fit question.

28. Problem #3

29. Problem #3
College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn.

30. Problem #3
College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn. Test this
hypothesis by examining the relationship
between years taught, papers published, and
median income.

31. Problem #3
College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn. Test this
hypothesis by examining the relationship
between years taught, papers published, and
median income.

32. How would you classify this question?
College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn. Test this
hypothesis by examining the relationship
between years taught, papers published, and
median income.

33. This is a question of relationship:
Click to see our rationale
College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn. Test this
hypothesis by examining the relationship
between years taught, papers published, and
median income.

34. College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn. Test this
hypothesis by examining the relationship
between years taught, papers published, and
median income.
Variable 1
An Increase
or decrease in
Predicts Variable 3
Variable 2

35. College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn. Test this
hypothesis by examining the relationship
between years taught, papers published, and
median income.
Variable 1
An Increase
or decrease in
Predicts Variable 3
Variable 2

36. College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn. Test this
hypothesis by examining the relationship
between years taught, papers published, and
median income.
Years Taught
An Increase
or decrease in
Predicts Variable 3
Variable 2

37. College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn. Test this
hypothesis by examining the relationship
between years taught, papers published, and
median income.
Years Taught
An Increase
or decrease in
Predicts Variable 3
Papers
Published

38. College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn. Test this
hypothesis by examining the relationship
between years taught, papers published, and
median income.
Years Taught
An Increase
or decrease in
Predicts Variable 3
Papers
Published

39. College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn. Test this
hypothesis by examining the relationship
between years taught, papers published, and
median income.
Years Taught
An Increase
or decrease in
Predicts Variable 3
Papers
Published
When something predicts something
else, that prediction is based on a
relationship between the two

40. College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn. Test this
hypothesis by examining the relationship
between years taught, papers published, and
median income.
Years Taught
An Increase
or decrease in
Predicts
Money
Papers Earned
Published

41. Therefore this is a question of relationship
College professors assume that the more years
they teach and the more papers they publish,
the more money they will earn. Test this
hypothesis by examining the relationship
between years taught, papers published, and
median income.
Years Taught
An Increase
or decrease in
Predicts
Money
Papers Earned
Published

43. Problem #4

44. Problem #4
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)

45. Problem #4
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)

46. Problem #4
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)

47. Problem #4
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)

48. Problem #4
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)

49. Problem #4
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)

50. How would you classify this problem?
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)

51. This is a question of independence:
Click to see our rationale
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)

52. Variable 1
Higher and
lower scores
in
tend to be
UNRELATED to
certain groups in
Variable 2
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)

53. Conservat-iveness
Higher and
lower scores
in
tend to be
UNRELATED to
certain groups in
Variable 2
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)

54. Conservat-iveness
Higher and
lower scores
in
tend to be
UNRELATED to
certain groups in
Variable 2
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)

55. Conservat-iveness
Higher and
lower scores
in
tend to be
UNRELATED to
certain groups
based on
Funding
Status
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)

56. Conservat-iveness
Higher and
lower scores
in
tend to be
UNRELATED to
certain groups
based on
Funding
Status
Claims have been made that a conservative arm of the
government will only fund studies that support their
conservative agenda.
The government has commissioned researchers to
determine if such a bias exists in the funding of studies.
Their hope is that no such connection exists. First, they
rate each study on a scale of conservativeness (1 = very
liberal to 10 = very conservative). They then classify
each study as funded or not (1 = funded; 2 = not
funded)
Therefore this is a question of independence

58. Problem #5

59. Problem #5
Scientist have hypothesized that baby birth weight may
be greater if during pregnancy women drink at least
100 fluid ounces of water a day.

60. Problem #5
Scientist have hypothesized that baby birth weight may
be greater if during pregnancy women drink at least
100 fluid ounces of water a day.

61. Problem #5
Scientist have hypothesized that baby birth weight may
be greater if during pregnancy women drink at least
100 fluid ounces of water a day.
To test this hypothesis 30 pregnant women drink 100
fluid ounces of water a day and another 30 maintain
their normal water intake. Baby birth weight is
compared to determine if there is a difference between
the two groups.

62. How would you classify this question?
Scientist have hypothesized that baby birth weight
may be greater if during pregnancy women drink at
least 100 fluid ounces of water a day.
To test this hypothesis 30 pregnant women drink
100 fluid ounces of water a day and another 30
maintain their normal water intake. Baby birth
weight is compared to determine if there is a
difference between the two groups.

63. This is a question of difference: Click to see our rationale
Scientist have hypothesized that baby birth weight
may be greater if during pregnancy women drink at
least 100 fluid ounces of water a day.
To test this hypothesis 30 pregnant women drink
100 fluid ounces of water a day and another 30
maintain their normal water intake. Baby birth
weight is compared to determine if there is a
difference between the two groups.

64. Scientist have hypothesized that baby birth weight
may be greater if during pregnancy women drink at
least 100 fluid ounces of water a day.
To test this hypothesis 30 pregnant women drink
100 fluid ounces of water a day and another 30
maintain their normal water intake. Baby birth
weight is compared to determine if there is a
difference between the two groups.

65. based on Some
Outcome
Group 1 is different Group 2
than
Scientist have hypothesized that baby birth weight
may be greater if during pregnancy women drink at
least 100 fluid ounces of water a day.
To test this hypothesis 30 pregnant women drink
100 fluid ounces of water a day and another 30
maintain their normal water intake. Baby birth
weight is compared to determine if there is a
difference between the two groups.

66. based on Some
Outcome
Group 2
100 oz
Group
is different
than
Scientist have hypothesized that baby birth weight
may be greater if during pregnancy women drink at
least 100 fluid ounces of water a day.
To test this hypothesis 30 pregnant women drink
100 fluid ounces of water a day and another 30
maintain their normal water intake. Baby birth
weight is compared to determine if there is a
difference between the two groups.

67. based on Some
Outcome
Group 2
100 oz
Group
is different
than
Scientist have hypothesized that baby birth weight
may be greater if during pregnancy women drink at
least 100 fluid ounces of water a day.
To test this hypothesis 30 pregnant women drink
100 fluid ounces of water a day and another 30
maintain their normal water intake. Baby birth
weight is compared to determine if there is a
difference between the two groups.

68. based on Some
Outcome
Normal
Group
100 oz
Group
is different
than
Scientist have hypothesized that baby birth weight
may be greater if during pregnancy women drink at
least 100 fluid ounces of water a day.
To test this hypothesis 30 pregnant women drink
100 fluid ounces of water a day and another 30
maintain their normal water intake. Baby birth
weight is compared to determine if there is a
difference between the two groups.

69. based on Birth
Weight
Normal
Group
100 oz
Group
is different
than
Scientist have hypothesized that baby birth weight
may be greater if during pregnancy women drink at
least 100 fluid ounces of water a day.
To test this hypothesis 30 pregnant women drink
100 fluid ounces of water a day and another 30
maintain their normal water intake. Baby birth
weight is compared to determine if there is a
difference between the two groups.

70. based on Birth
Weight
Normal
Group
100 oz
Group
is different
than
Scientist have hypothesized that baby birth weight
may be greater if during pregnancy women drink at
least 100 fluid ounces of water a day.
To test this hypothesis 30 pregnant women drink
100 fluid ounces of water a day and another 30
maintain their normal water intake. Baby birth
weight is compared to determine if there is a
difference between the two groups.
Therefore this is a question of difference

72. Problem #6

73. Problem #6
An ice cream parlor wants to determine the amount of
inventory they will need as summer begins.

74. Problem #6
An ice cream parlor wants to determine the amount of
inventory they will need as summer begins.

75. Problem #6
An ice cream parlor wants to determine the amount of
inventory they will need as summer begins. They
record the average sale of ice cream along with the
average daily temperature to see if an increase in one is
accompanied by an increase in the other.

76. Problem #6
An ice cream parlor wants to determine the amount of
inventory they will need as summer begins. They
record the average sale of ice cream along with the
average daily temperature to see if an increase in one is
accompanied by an increase in the other.

77. How would you classify this problem?
An ice cream parlor wants to determine the amount of
inventory they will need as summer begins. They
record the average sale of ice cream along with the
average daily temperature to see if an increase in one is
accompanied by an increase in the other.

78. This is a question of relationship:
Click to see our rationale
An ice cream parlor wants to determine the amount of
inventory they will need as summer begins. They
record the average sale of ice cream along with the
average daily temperature to see if an increase in one is
accompanied by an increase in the other.

79. An ice cream parlor wants to determine the amount of
inventory they will need as summer begins. They
record the average sale of ice cream along with the
average daily temperature to see if an increase in one is
accompanied by an increase in the other.
Variable 1
An Increase
or decrease in
is accompanied
by an increase
or decrease in
Variable 2

80. An ice cream parlor wants to determine the amount of
inventory they will need as summer begins. They
record the average sale of ice cream along with the
average daily temperature to see if an increase in one
is accompanied by an increase in the other.
Variable 1
An Increase
or decrease in
is accompanied
by an increase
or decrease in
Variable 2

81. An ice cream parlor wants to determine the amount of
inventory they will need as summer begins. They
record the average sale of ice cream along with the
average daily temperature to see if an increase in one is
accompanied by an increase in the other.
Average
Ice Cream
Sales
An Increase
or decrease in
is accompanied
by an increase
or decrease in
Variable 2

82. An ice cream parlor wants to determine the amount of
inventory they will need as summer begins. They
record the average sale of ice cream along with the
average daily temperature to see if an increase in one is
accompanied by an increase in the other.
Average
Ice Cream
Sales
An Increase
or decrease in
is accompanied
by an increase
or decrease in
Variable 2

83. An ice cream parlor wants to determine the amount of
inventory they will need as summer begins. They
record the average sale of ice cream along with the
average daily temperature to see if an increase in one
is accompanied by an increase in the other.
Average
Ice Cream
Sales
An Increase
or decrease in
is accompanied
by an increase
or decrease in
Average
Daily
Temperature

84. Therefore this is a question of relationship
An ice cream parlor wants to determine the amount of
inventory they will need as summer begins. They
record the average sale of ice cream along with the
average daily temperature to see if an increase in one is
accompanied by an increase in the other.
Average
Ice Cream
Sales
An Increase
or decrease in
is accompanied
by an increase
or decrease in
Average
Daily
Temperature

86. Problem #7

87. Problem #7
Different types of farm machinery have different effects
on the compaction of soil and thus may affect yields
differently. You have been asked to determine which
farm machinery type (1, 2, or 3) has the biggest impact
on soil compaction.

88. Problem #7
Different types of farm machinery have different effects
on the compaction of soil and thus may affect yields
differently. You have been asked to determine which
farm machinery type (1, 2, or 3) has the biggest impact
on soil compaction.
Type 1
Type 2
Type 3

89. How would you classify this problem?
Different types of farm machinery have different effects
on the compaction of soil and thus may affect yields
differently. You have been asked to determine which
farm machinery type (1, 2, or 3) has the biggest impact
on soil compaction.

90. This is a question of difference:
Click to see our rationale
Different types of farm machinery have different effects
on the compaction of soil and thus may affect yields
differently. You have been asked to determine which
farm machinery type (1, 2, or 3) has the biggest impact
on soil compaction.

91. Different types of farm machinery have different effects
on the compaction of soil and thus may affect yields
differently. You have been asked to determine which
farm machinery type (1, 2, or 3) has the biggest impact
on soil compaction.
are
different
from one
another
based on
Some
Outcome
Group 1 Group 2 & Group 3

92. Different types of farm machinery have different effects
on the compaction of soil and thus may affect yields
differently. You have been asked to determine which
farm machinery type (1, 2, or 3) has the biggest impact
on soil compaction.
are
different
from one
another
based on
Some
Outcome
Group 2
Type 1
Machines
& Group 3

93. Different types of farm machinery have different effects
on the compaction of soil and thus may affect yields
differently. You have been asked to determine which
farm machinery type (1, 2, or 3) has the biggest impact
on soil compaction.
are
different
from one
another
based on
Some
Outcome
Type 2
Machines
Type 1
Machines
& Group 3

94. Different types of farm machinery have different effects
on the compaction of soil and thus may affect yields
differently. You have been asked to determine which
farm machinery type (1, 2, or 3) has the biggest impact
on soil compaction.
are
different
from one
another
based on
Some
Outcome
Type 2
Machines
Type 1
Machines
Type 3
Machines
&

95. Different types of farm machinery have different effects
on the compaction of soil and thus may affect yields
differently. You have been asked to determine which
farm machinery type (1, 2, or 3) has the biggest impact
on soil compaction.
are
different
from one
another
based on
Soil
Compaction
Type 2
Machines
Type 1
Machines
Type 3
Machines
&

96. Therefore this is a question of difference
Different types of farm machinery have different effects
on the compaction of soil and thus may affect yields
differently. You have been asked to determine which
farm machinery type (1, 2, or 3) has the biggest impact
on soil compaction.
are
different
from one
another
based on
Soil
Compaction
Type 2
Machines
Type 1
Machines
Type 3
Machines
&

98. Problem #8

99. Problem #8
Educational researchers want to know if the language
in which a mathematical word problem is stated has an
effect on the performance of bilingual students. They
test a group of bilingual students and a group of
monolingual students and compare the results.

100. Problem #8
Educational researchers want to know if the language
in which a mathematical word problem is stated has an
effect on the performance of bilingual students. They
test a group of bilingual students and a group of
monolingual students and compare the results.

101. Problem #8
Educational researchers want to know if the language
in which a mathematical word problem is stated has an
effect on the performance of bilingual students. They
test a group of bilingual students and a group of
monolingual students and compare the results.
They decide to see if the difference holds, when
controlling for gender.

102. How would you classify this question?
Educational researchers want to know if the language
in which a mathematical word problem is stated has an
effect on the performance of bilingual students. They
test a group of 25 bilingual students and a group of 28
monolingual students and compare the results.
They decide, as an after thought, to see if the
difference holds, when controlling for gender.

103. This is a question of difference:
Click to see our rationale.
Educational researchers want to know if the language
in which a mathematical word problem is stated has an
effect on the performance of bilingual students. They
test a group of 25 bilingual students and a group of 28
monolingual students and compare the results.
They decide, as an after thought, to see if the
difference holds, when controlling for gender.

104. Educational researchers want to know if the language
in which a mathematical word problem is stated has an
effect on the performance of bilingual students. They
test a group of 25 bilingual students and a group of 28
monolingual students and compare the results.
They decide, as an after thought, to see if the
difference holds, when controlling for gender.
based on Some
Outcome
Group 1 is different Group 2
than

105. Educational researchers want to know if the language
in which a mathematical word problem is stated has an
effect on the performance of bilingual students. They
test a group of 25 bilingual students and a group of 28
monolingual students and compare the results.
They decide, as an after thought, to see if the
difference holds, when controlling for gender.
based on Some
Outcome
Group 2
Bilingual
Students
is different
than

106. Educational researchers want to know if the language
in which a mathematical word problem is stated has an
effect on the performance of bilingual students. They
test a group of 25 bilingual students and a group of 28
monolingual students and compare the results.
They decide, as an after thought, to see if the
difference holds, when controlling for gender.
based on Some
Outcome
Group 2
Bilingual
Students
is different
than

107. Educational researchers want to know if the language
in which a mathematical word problem is stated has an
effect on the performance of bilingual students. They
test a group of 25 bilingual students and a group of 28
monolingual students and compare the results.
They decide, as an after thought, to see if the
difference holds, when controlling for gender.
based on
Some
Outcome
Monolingual
Students
Bilingual
Students
is different
than

108. Educational researchers want to know if the language
in which a mathematical word problem is stated has
an effect on the performance of bilingual students.
They test a group of 25 bilingual students and a group
of 28 monolingual students and compare the results.
They decide, as an after thought, to see if the
difference holds, when controlling for gender.
based
on
Math Word
Problem
Performance
Monolingual
Students
Bilingual
Students
is different
than

109. Even though there are other things going on
like “controlling for gender”, at it’s core this is
a question of difference.
Educational researchers want to know if the language
in which a mathematical word problem is stated has an
effect on the performance of bilingual students. They
test a group of 25 bilingual students and a group of 28
monolingual students and compare the results.
They decide, as an after thought, to see if the
difference holds, when controlling for gender.
based
on
Math Word
Problem
Performance
Monolingual
Students
Bilingual
Students
is different
than

111. Good luck, classifying your problem

112. Good luck, classifying your problem