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Publishing Data on the Semantic Web Peter Mika  Researcher, Data Architect Yahoo! Research
Intro to the Semantic Web
Vague, but exciting… Berners-Lee and the dawn of the Web
Semantic Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RDF (Resource Description Framework) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Resources vs. literals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Advanced topic: Resources vs Literals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Graphical and textual notation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],my:Joe “ Joe A.” name foaf:Person type
Informational versus non-informational resources ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Vocabularies (ontologies) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RDF is designed for distributed systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
URIs implicitly link data together  (#joe, #name, “Joe A.”) (#joe, #email, mailto:joe@joe.com) (#mary, name, “Mary B.”) (#mary, gender, “female”) (#joe, #loves, #mary) Joe’s homepage A dating site Mary’s homepage (#name, #type, #Property) (#name, #domain, #Person) Schema doc
Put together, triples form a single ‘global’ graph “ Joe A.” #joe #name “ joe@joe.com” #email #mary #loves “ Mary B.” “ female” #name #gender
Publishing for the Semantic Web
Motivation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Publishing and consuming data on the Semantic Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Option 1: Linked Data ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],. . . #PeterM #Bud born “ Peter Mika” label “ Budapest” label #Hun capital-of “ 2,000,000” population #PeterM #Bud born “ Peter Mika” label “ Budapest” label #Hun capital-of “ 2,000,000” population #PeterM #Bud born “ Peter Mika” label “ Budapest” label #Hun capital-of “ 2,000,000” population
Option 1: Linked Data ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Linked Data as a movement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Option 2: Metadata in HTML ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Peter Mika was born in Budapest. Peter Mika was born in Budapest. #PeterM #Bud born “ Peter Mika” label “ Budapest” label #Hun capital-of “ 2,000,000” population #PeterM #Bud born “ Peter Mika” label “ Budapest” label #Hun capital-of “ 2,000,000” population
Option 3: SPARQL endpoints ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],#PeterM #Bud born “ Peter Mika” label “ Budapest” label #Hun capital-of “ 2,000,000” population
Option 4: Feeds ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],. #PeterM #Bud born “ Peter Mika” label “ Budapest” label #Hun capital-of “ 2,000,000” population #PeterM #Bud born “ Peter Mika” label “ Budapest” label #Hun capital-of “ 2,000,000” population #PeterM #Bud born “ Peter Mika” label “ Budapest” label #Hun capital-of “ 2,000,000” population
Option 5: Publishing a transformation of the data  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],<XSLT> xx yy 1 2
Option 6: Automatic markup ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Peter Mika was born in Budapest. <person>Peter Mika</person> was born in <location>Budapest</location>.
Example:  Zemanta ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Choosing a vocabulary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Choosing a vocabulary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Advanced topic: creating a vocabulary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How do we build communities? www.vocamp.org
Metadata in HTML
Brief history of the Annotated Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HTML meta tags ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SHOE example  (Hefflin & Hendler, 1996)  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],<HEAD> <META HTTP-EQUIV=&quot;Instance-Key&quot; CONTENT=&quot;http://www.cs.umd.edu/~george&quot;>  <USE-ONTOLOGY &quot;our-ontology&quot; VERSION=&quot;1.0&quot; PREFIX=&quot;our&quot; URL=&quot;http://ont.org/our-ont.html&quot;>  </HEAD> <BODY> <CATEGORY &quot;our.Person&quot;>  <RELATION &quot;our.marriedTo&quot; TO=&quot;http://www.cs.umd.edu/~helena&quot;>  <RELATION &quot;our.employee&quot;   FROM=&quot;http://www.cs.umd.edu&quot;>   My name is  <ATTRIBUTE &quot;our.firstName&quot;>  George  </ATTRIBUTE> <ATTRIBUTE &quot;our.lastName&quot;> Cook </ATTRIBUTE>  and I live at...
SHOE system
SHOE Text-based query interface
SHOE Graphical Query Interface
Example: Creative Commons ,[object Object],<HTML> <HEAD>… </HEAD> <BODY> … <!–-   <rdf:RDF xmlns=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/ns#&quot; xmlns:dc=&quot;http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/&quot; xmlns:rdf=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&quot;> <Work rdf:about=&quot;http://www.yergler.net/averages/&quot;> <dc:title>The Law of Averages</dc:title> <dc:description>...because eventually i&apos;ll be right...</dc:description> <license rdf:resource=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/1.0/&quot; /> </Work> <License rdf:about=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/1.0/&quot;> <requires rdf:resource=&quot;http://web.resource.org/cc/Notice&quot; /> <permits rdf:resource=&quot;http://web.resource.org/cc/Reproduction&quot; /> <permits rdf:resource=&quot;http://web.resource.org/cc/Distribution&quot; /> <prohibits rdf:resource=&quot;http://web.resource.org/cc/CommercialUse&quot; /> </License> </rdf:RDF> -->
Example: Creative Commons ,[object Object],This work is licensed under a <a  rel=&quot;license&quot;  href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/&quot;>Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License</a>. ,[object Object]
Microformats (μf) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Microformats: limitations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example: the hCard microformat <cite  class=&quot;vcard&quot; > <a  class=&quot;fn url&quot;  rel=&quot;friend colleague met” href=&quot;http://meyerweb.com/&quot;> Eric Meyer</a> </cite> wrote a post (<cite> <a href=&quot;http://meyerweb.com/eric/thoughts/2005/12/16/tax-relief/&quot;> Tax Relief</a></cite>) about an unintentionally humorous letter he received from  the <span  class=&quot;vcard” > <a  class=&quot;fn org url&quot;  href=&quot;http://irs.gov/&quot;> Internal Revenue Service</a>  </span>.  <div  class=&quot;vcard&quot; >  <a  class=&quot;email fn&quot;  href=&quot;mailto:jfriday@host.com&quot;>Joe Friday</a>  <div  class=&quot;tel&quot; >+1-919-555-7878</div>  <div  class=&quot;title&quot; >Area Administrator, Assistant</div>  </div>
RDFa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RDFa 1.1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
When to use RDFa ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RDFa intro: metadata in the header ,[object Object],<html  prefix=&quot;og: http://ogp.me/ns#&quot; > <head> <title>The Trouble with Bob</title> <meta  property=&quot;og:title&quot; content=&quot;The Trouble with Bob&quot;  /> <meta  property=&quot;og:type&quot; content=&quot;text&quot;  /> <meta  property=&quot;og:image&quot; content=&quot;http://example.com/alice/bob-ugly.jpg &quot; /> ... </head>
RDFa intro: links with a flavor ,[object Object],All content on this site is licensed under <a  rel=&quot;license&quot;  href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/&quot;> a Creative Commons License </a>.
RDFa links: talking about subjects other than the page ,[object Object],The trouble with Bob is that he takes much better photos than me:  <div  about=&quot;http://example.com/bob/photos/sunset.jpg&quot; >  <img src=&quot;http://example.com/bob/photos/sunset.jpg&quot; />  <span property=&quot;og:title&quot;>Beautiful Sunset</span> by <span property=&quot;dc:creator&quot;>Bob</span>.  </div>
RDFa links: talking about subjects other than the page ,[object Object],<div  typeof=”foaf:Person&quot; >  <p property=”foaf:name&quot;> Alice Birpemswick </p>  <p> Email:  <a rel=”foaf:mbox” href=&quot;mailto:alice@example.com&quot;>  alice@example.com  </a>  </p>  <p> Phone:  <a rel=”foaf:phone&quot; href=&quot;tel:+1-617-555-7332&quot;>+1 617.555.7332</a>  </p>  </div>
The process of annotating with RDFa  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RDFa can be hard to get right… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RDFa can be hard to get right… II. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RDFa can be hard to get right… III. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RDFa can be hard to get right… IV. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RDFa can be hard to get right… V. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tips ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example: Facebook’s Like and the Open Graph Protocol ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example: Facebook’s Open Graph Protocol ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],<html  xmlns:og=&quot;http://opengraphprotocol.org/schema/&quot; >  <head>  <title>The Rock (1996)</title>  <meta  property=&quot;og:title&quot;  content=&quot;The Rock&quot; />  <meta  property=&quot;og:type&quot;  content=&quot;movie&quot; />  <meta  property=&quot;og:url&quot;  content=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0117500/&quot; />  <meta  property=&quot;og:image&quot;  content=&quot;http://ia.media-imdb.com/images/rock.jpg&quot; /> … </head> ...
Example: Yahoo! Enhanced Results (was: SearchMonkey) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example: Google’s Rich Snippets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Microdata example <div  itemscope itemid=“http://www.yahoo.com/resource/person ”> <p>My name is <span  itemprop=&quot;name&quot; >Neil</span>.</p> <p>My band is called  <span  itemprop =&quot;band&quot;>Four Parts Water</span>. I was born on  <time  itemprop=&quot;birthday&quot;  datetime=&quot;2009-05-10&quot;>May 10th 2009</time>. <img  itemprop=&quot;image&quot;  src=”me.png&quot; alt=”me”> </p> </div
Microdata ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RDFa on the rise Percentage of URLs with embedded metadata in various formats 510% increase between March, 2009 and October, 2010
The state of metadata in HTML ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Publishing data on the Semantic Web

  • 1. Publishing Data on the Semantic Web Peter Mika Researcher, Data Architect Yahoo! Research
  • 2. Intro to the Semantic Web
  • 3. Vague, but exciting… Berners-Lee and the dawn of the Web
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  • 12. URIs implicitly link data together (#joe, #name, “Joe A.”) (#joe, #email, mailto:joe@joe.com) (#mary, name, “Mary B.”) (#mary, gender, “female”) (#joe, #loves, #mary) Joe’s homepage A dating site Mary’s homepage (#name, #type, #Property) (#name, #domain, #Person) Schema doc
  • 13. Put together, triples form a single ‘global’ graph “ Joe A.” #joe #name “ joe@joe.com” #email #mary #loves “ Mary B.” “ female” #name #gender
  • 14. Publishing for the Semantic Web
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  • 29. How do we build communities? www.vocamp.org
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  • 36. SHOE Graphical Query Interface
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  • 41. Example: the hCard microformat <cite class=&quot;vcard&quot; > <a class=&quot;fn url&quot; rel=&quot;friend colleague met” href=&quot;http://meyerweb.com/&quot;> Eric Meyer</a> </cite> wrote a post (<cite> <a href=&quot;http://meyerweb.com/eric/thoughts/2005/12/16/tax-relief/&quot;> Tax Relief</a></cite>) about an unintentionally humorous letter he received from the <span class=&quot;vcard” > <a class=&quot;fn org url&quot; href=&quot;http://irs.gov/&quot;> Internal Revenue Service</a> </span>. <div class=&quot;vcard&quot; > <a class=&quot;email fn&quot; href=&quot;mailto:jfriday@host.com&quot;>Joe Friday</a> <div class=&quot;tel&quot; >+1-919-555-7878</div> <div class=&quot;title&quot; >Area Administrator, Assistant</div> </div>
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  • 60. Microdata example <div itemscope itemid=“http://www.yahoo.com/resource/person ”> <p>My name is <span itemprop=&quot;name&quot; >Neil</span>.</p> <p>My band is called <span itemprop =&quot;band&quot;>Four Parts Water</span>. I was born on <time itemprop=&quot;birthday&quot; datetime=&quot;2009-05-10&quot;>May 10th 2009</time>. <img itemprop=&quot;image&quot; src=”me.png&quot; alt=”me”> </p> </div
  • 61.
  • 62. RDFa on the rise Percentage of URLs with embedded metadata in various formats 510% increase between March, 2009 and October, 2010
  • 63.

Notas del editor

  1. Designed for humans first and machines second, microformats are a set of simple, open data formats built upon existing and widely adopted standards. Instead of throwing away what works today, microformats intend to solve simpler problems first by adapting to current behaviors and usage patterns