Asian American Pacific Islander Month DDSD 2024.pptx
Lecture2 Decisions And Decision Makers
1. Decisions and Decision Makers Reading: Chapter 2 Why do we need DSS’s? ……. Because of …
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4. Decision Structures Decision structure Collaborative Non-Collaborative Group Consensus Majority Team Individual Committee Consensus Majority IMPLEMENTATION
5. Decision Styles Depends on problem context, perceptions of the D-M and their values. Marakas, 2003 Thinkers, not doers Conflict averse Style will be a pattern of these rather than one distinguishable style
11. Typology of Decisions Marakas, 2003 High uncertainty High risk More certainty Are the outcomes clear? Is the preference of outcome clear?? Structured/semi-structured Delbecq, 1967
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13. Simon’s Model of Problem Solving Marakas, 2003 Desired state – current state ownership solutions What constitutes success or failure?
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15. Bounded Rationality Optimizing strategies search here Satisficing strategies search here Marakas, 2003 Treat the problem NOT the symptom!!!!
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20. More on Heuristics Optimisation not feasible Reliable method not available Can produce multiple solutions Symbolic processing involved Requires less cognitive effort Problems solved frequently Requires less conception time High computation time Easy to implement Input data are inexact or limited Easy to understand Appropriate Use Advantages
21. Heuristic Example Starting from New York take the shortest route between cities 7580 miles Take an exterior route without crossing paths and backtracking 7005 miles Computation increases exponentially as number of cites increases – could take millions of years to process!!
![The Decision Making Process ,[object Object],Marakas, 2003 Avoid great solution, wrong problem!! This is a dynamic process though it may appear static represented like this](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)