1. 1 1 CHAPTER 4 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE

3. Emergency – an unforeseen combination of circumstances @ the resulting state that calls for immediate action.

5. Accidents happen at any time and emergency situation is chaotic.

6. Emergency often escalates to crisis.

7. Regulatory and industry requirement – eg CIMAH Regulations, 1996.

8. Responsible care OHSAS 18000, ISSO 14000 , etc

11. Control situation and limit secondary damage.

15. Preparedness

16. Response

18. Function :

19. Command

20. Operation

21. Planning

22. Logistic

23. Admin/ financeEmergency Coordinator To coordinate planning

26. Work with coordinatorMembership – technical & Non technical

28. Records

29. Documents

31. Rescue

32. Evacuation

34. HR

35. ECC

36. First aid

37. Transport

39. Procurement

41. Coordinates response action, evacuation, continuity and recovery activities.

42. Ensure outside assistance are notified or called upon.

43. work with external agencies.

46. Transportation disruption ( floods, broken bridges )

48. Mechanical problems ( e.g ruptured pipes, metal fatigue ) Chemical spills, aircraft crash, fire ,explosion

49. Human events

50. Wrong valve open, miscommunication about what to do

52. What functions or ervices are affected

53. in what way the functions could not be perform following a disaster.

54. What are the critical functions.

55. What actions will protect them.

57. Person in affected area.

58. Personnel responding to the incident

59. Pollution to the environment

60. Legal

61. Regulatory and contractual obligations

62. Business

63. Continuity of operations and delivery of services.

64. Property, facilities, and infrastructure loss

65. Reputaion of the organisation.

67. However, detailed planning should concentrate on the more likely events.

69. Redundancy or alternatives arranged for identified critical functions.

70. Alternative site, supplier arrangement

71. Roles and responsibilities for restoration identified- e.g recovery manager and team, communications, utilities, purchasing, Hr and site security.

73. Access, escape routes and shelters

74. Early warning – Establishment of hazard warning and communication procedures.

75. Materials – removal , reduction, modification, segregation, or elimination.

76. Heat, fluids. Etc protective system, redundancy, control, of rate of release.

78. Fire, flood, explosion, spills, collapse

79. Existing external and internal resources.

80. Identify resource shortfalls and alternate sources.

81. Consideration for mutual aid agreements.

83. Quantity, response time, operability.

86. Identified, equipped, tested and maintained

87. Operations manual

88. Personnel protective equipment list

89. Where needed toxic, explosive gas detectors, wind indicators.

92. Priorities for restoration and mitigation.

93. Acceptable downtime before restoration to a minimum level.

95. Strategic

96. Operationss

97. Mitigation

98. Recovery plans

99. Roles and responsibilities

100. Incident commander, recovery manager, communication and public relations.

102. Who does what, information and data.

103. Balance between overview and detailed response.

104. Need to know, nice to know.

105. Sound understanding enables flexibility.

107. Identification of personnel at the incident

108. Accounting for personnel in incident activities.

109. Accounting for person affected, displaced, or injured by the emergency.

111. Manual familiarisation, specific courses ( chemical fire, rescue, decontamination, media etc )

112. Personnel readliness

113. Know the fundamental role

114. Know your way around the manual.

115. Have your personal aid ready

116. Know the early action well.

118. Types : Simulated, “ Real “

119. Subjects : Operational, security, Commercial.

120. Preparation for exercise

121. Scenarios, timing of events, roles ( including media ) and resources.

123. Be re- evaluated when :

124. There are changes ( Regulatory, new hazard, existing hazard changes )

125. resources or organizational structure change.

126. After test, drills or exercise

127. After disaster responses

128. Infrastructure changes.