1. PRANAV DHANANIWALA

2. Group decision making
 Managers believe they are success in doing group
decision making , goal setting, problem solving.
 Dynamics of group decision making.
 More than consensus, take decision by authority.
 Minority rule or by majority rule.

3. Methods of group decision making
 Decision by lack of response: also called plop method.
Some one suggest an idea and without any
deliberations it is rejected.
 Decision by Authority rule: leader will make the
ultimate decision. This method produce minimum
involvement of the group. Leader must be very
proficient.
 Decision by minority rule: a single person can enforce
the decision. Two or more members come to a quick
and powerful agreement and implement it through
chairman or powerful members of the group.

4. Contd.
 Decision by majority rule: if majority of participants
feels the same way, then that decision is the best.
 Difficult to implement this decision. 2 kinds of
psychological barriers.
 Minority feels that voting results in two camps and
their camp has lost.
 Insufficient discussion or their point of view were not
understood properly.

5. Brain storming
 Good technique for generating alternatives.
 Generates as many ideas as possible.
 It is meant to overcome pressures for conformity in the
interacting group that retard the development of
creative alternatives.
 No criticism is allowed.
 Think the unusual

6. Brain storming
 Problems:
 Production blocking
 Evaluation apprehension

7. Nominal group technique.
 Restricts discussion or the interpersonal communication
during decision making.
 Members operate independently.
Steps in Nominal group technique.
 Each member independently writes down his or her ideas
on the problem.
 Each member presents one idea to the group.
 Group discusses the ideas for clarity and evaluates them.
 Ranks the ideas. Final decision is based on highest rank.

8. Nominal group technique
 It is good when members fear criticism from others.
 Permits the group to meet formally but not restrict in
independent thinking.

9. Delphi technique
 Time consuming.
 Similar to nominal group technique.
Steps in delphi technique.
 Problem is identified and members are asked to
provide solutions through questionnaires.
 Each member anonymously and independently
completes the first questionnaire.

10. Steps in Delphi technique
 Results are compiled at a central location, transcribed
and produced.
 Each member receives a copy of the results.
 Members are again asked for the solutions.
 Steps are repeated until a consensus is reached.

11. Advantages of delphi technique
 The Delphi technique is valuable in its ability to
generate a number of independent judgements
without the requirement of a face-to-face meeting.
 used for decision making among geographically
scattered groups.
 The cost of bringing experts together at a central
location is avoided.

12. disadvantages
 Time consuming. Not applicable where a speedy
decision is necessary.
 May not develop the rich array of alternatives as the
interacting of nominal group technique does.

13. Electronic meetings
 Blends the nominal group technique with sophiscated
computer technology.
 Participants type their responses on the computer screen.
 Advantages:
 Participants can anonymously type any message they want
and it flashes on the screen.
 It allows people to be brutally honest without penalty.
 It is fast because discussions don't go off the point and
many participants can "talk“ at once.

14. continued
 Disadvantages:
 Those who can type fast can outshine those who are
verbally eloquent but poor typists;
 Those with the best ideas don't get credit for them.
 The process lacks the information richness of face-to-
face oral communication.

15. conclusion
 Before choosing a group decision making technique,
the manager carefully evaluates the group members
and decision situation. Then the best method for
accomplishing the objectives of the group decision
making process can be selected.