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Geometry in Nature : A Tree made with Fractals; A Complex Function

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4. Mathematics
Algebra
Introduction to The Principle of Quadratic Quadratic
Complex Numbers Mathematical Induction Equations Inequalities
Introduction to Introductory problems Introducing Quadratic
Complex Numbers related to Mathematical various inequalities. Using
and iota. Argand Induction. techniques by factorization and
plane and iota. which quadratic visualization based
Complex numbers equations can methods.
as free vectors. be solved -
N-th roots of a factorization,
complex number. direct formula.
Notes, formulas Relationship
and solved between roots
problems related to of a quadratic
these sub-topics. equation. Cubic
and higher
order equations
- relationship
between roots
and coefficients

5. for these.
Graphs and plots
of quadratic
equations.
Series and
Progressions
Arithmetic,
Geometric,
Harmonic
and mixed
progressions.
Notes, formulas
and solved
problems. Sum
of the first N
terms. Arithmetic,
Geometric and
Harmonic means
and the relationship
between them.
Geometry
Geometry
Co-ordinate Geometry
Introduction to Co- Equation of Straight The Circle A Quick Introduction
ordinate Geometry Line to Conic Sections:
Parabola, Hyperbola,
Ellipse
Parabola Hyperbola Ellipse
Probability
Probability Probability - Probability - Part Probability - Part 3 - Joint
- Part Zero - Part 1 - Basic 2 - A Tutorial Probability, Bivariate
A Very Basic Probability on Probability Normal Distributions,
Introduction

6. Definitions, Distributions Functions of Random
Random Variables Variable,Transformation of
Random Vectors
Linear Algebra
Introduction to Introduction to Determinants Simultaneous linear
Matrices - Part I Matrices - Part II Introduction to equations in multiple
Introduction to Problems and solved determinants. variables Representing
Matrices. Theory, examples based on the Second and third a system of linear
definitions. What a sub-topics mentioned order determinants, equations in multiple
Matrix is, order of a above. Some of the minors and co- variables in matrix form.
matrix, equality of problems in this part factors. Properties Using determinants to
matrices, different demonstrate finding of determinants solve these systems of
kind of matrices: row the rank, inverse and how it remains equations. Meaning of
matrix, column matrix, or characteristic altered or unaltered consistent, homogeneous
square matrix, equations of matrices. based on simple and non-homogeneous
diagonal, identity and Representing real life transformations systems of equations.
triangular matrices. problems in matrix form. is matrices. Theorems relating to
Definitions of Trace, Expanding the consistency of systems
Minor, Cofactors, determinant. Solved of equations. Application
Adjoint, Inverse, problems related to of Cramer rule. Solved
Transpose of a determinants. problems demonstrating
matrix. Addition, how to solve linear
subtraction, scalar equations using matrix
multiplication, and determinant related
multiplication of methods.
matrices. Defining
special types of
matrices like
Symmetric, Skew
Symmetric,
Idempotent,
Involuntary, Nil-
potent, Singular, Non-
Singular, Unitary
matrices.
Basic concepts in Introductory problems More concepts Problems related to linear
Linear Algebra and related to Vector related to Vector transformation, linear
Vector spaces Theory Spaces - Problems Spaces Defining and maps and operators -

7. and definitions. demonstrating the explaining the norm Solved examples and
Closure, commutative, concepts introduced in of a vector, inner problems related to linear
associative, the previous tutorial. product, Graham- transformation, linear
distributive laws. Checking or proving Schmidt process, maps and operators and
Defining Vector something to be a sub- co-ordinate vectors, other concepts discussed
space, subspaces, space, demonstrating linear transformation theoretically in the
linear dependence, that something is not a and its kernel. previous tutorial.
dimension and bias. sub-space of something Introductory problems
A few introductory else, verifying linear related to these.
problems proving independence; problems
certain sets to be relating to dimension and
vector spaces. basis; inverting matrices
and echelon matrices.
Definitions of Rank, More Problems related A few closing
Eigen Values, Eigen to Simultaneous problems in Linear
Vectors, Cayley Equations; problems Algebra Solving a
Hamilton Theorem related to eigenvalues recurrence relation,
Eigenvalues, and eigenvectors some more of system
eigenvectors, Cayley Demonstrating the of equations.
Hamilton Theorem Crammer rule, using
eigenvalue methods
to solve vector space
problems, verifying
Cayley Hamilton
Theorem, advanced
problems related to
systems of equations.
Solving a system of
differential equations .
Vectors
Vectors 1a ( Theory and Vectors 1b ( Solved Vectors 2a ( Vectors 2b ( Solved
Definitions: Introduction Problem Sets: Introduction Theory and Problem Sets: Vectors
to Vectors; Vector, to Vectors; Vector, Scalar Definitions: and Geometry )
Scalar and Triple and Triple Products ) Vectors and
Products) Solved examples and Solved examples and

8. Introducing a vector, problem sets based on the Geometry ) Vectors problem sets based on
position vectors, above concepts. and geometry. the above concepts.
direction cosines, Parametric vectorial
different types of equations of lines
vectors, addition and and planes. Angles
subtraction of vectors. between lines and
Vector and Scalar planes. Co-planar
products. Scalar Triple and collinear points.
product and Vector Cartesian equations
triple product and their for lines and planes
properties. Components in 3D.
and projections of
vectors.
Vectors 3a ( Theory Vectors 3b ( Solved
and Definitions: Vector Problem Sets: Vector
Differential and Integral Differential and Integral
Calculus ) Vector Calculus ) - Solved
Differential Calculus. examples and problem
Derivative, curves, sets based on the above
tangential vectors, concepts.
vector functions,
gradient, directional
derivative, divergence
and curl of a vector
function; important
formulas related to div,
curl and grad. Vector
Integral Calculus. Line
integral, independence
of path, Green's
theorem, divergence
theorem of Gauss,
green's formulas,
Stoke's theorems.
Trigonometry
Trigonometry 1a Trigonometry 1b ( Tutorial Trigonometry 2a Trigonometry 2b (
( Introduction to with solved problems ( Basic concepts Tutorial with solved
Trigonometry - based on Trigonometric related to Heights problems related to
Definitions, Formulas ratios ) Problems and Distances ) Heights and Distances
) Introducing based on the concepts Applying trigonometry and other applications

9. trigonometric ratios, introduced above. to problems involving of Trigonometry ) -
plots of trigonometric heights and distances. Problems based on the
functions, compound Angles of elevation and concepts introduced
angle formulas. depression. Sine and above.
Domains and ranges Cosine rule, half angle
of trigonometric formulas. Circumradius,
functions, inradius and escribed
monotonicity of radius. Circumcentre,
trigonometric functions incentre, centroid and
quadrant wise. median of a triangle.
Formulas for double
and triple angle ratios.
Trigonometry 3a ( Trigonometry 3b ( Tutorial Trigonometry 4 ( A
Introducing Inverse with solved problems tutorial on solving
Trigonometric Ratios) related to inverse trigonometric equations
Inverse trigonometric trigonometric ratios ) )- Solving trigonometric
ratios - their domains, - Problems related to equations. Methods
ranges and plots. inverse trigonometric and transformations
ratios. frequently used in
solving such equations.
Single Variable Calculus
Quick and introductory Functions, Functions, Limits Functions,
definitions related to Funtions, Limits and and Continuity - Limits and
Limits and Continuity - Continuity - Solved Problem Set Continuity
Defining the domain and Solved Problem II - More advanced - Solved
range of a function, the Set I - Solved cases of evaluating Problem Set
meaning of continuity, limits, problems limits, conditions III - Problems
left and right hand limits, demonstrating for continuity of related to
properties of limits and how to compute functions, common Continuity,
the "lim" operator; some the domain approximations used intermediate
common limits; defining the and range of while evaluating limits value theorem.
L'Hospital rule, intermediate functions, drawing for ln ( 1 + x ), sin
and extreme value theorems. the graphs of (x); continuity related
functions, the problems for more
mod function, advanced functions
deciding if than the ones in the
a function is first group of problems
invertible or (in the last tutorial).

10. not; calculating
limits for some
elementary
examples,
solving 0/0
forms, applying
L'Hospital rule.
Introductory concepts Differential Differential Calculus Differential
and definitions related to Calculus - - Solved Problem Calculus
Differentiation - Theory Solved Problem Set II - - Solved
and definitions introducing Set I - Examples Examples and solved Problems Set
differentiability, basic and solved problems - related III -
differentiation formulas of problems - to derivability and Examples and
common algebraic and differentiation continuity of functions; solved problems
trigonometric functions , of common changing the - related to
successive differentiation, algebraic, independent variable increasing and
Leibnitz Theorem, Rolle's exponential, in a differential decreasing
Theorem, Lagrange's logarithmic, equation; finding the functions;
Mean Value Theorem, trigonometric N-th derivative of maxima, minima
Increasing and decreasing and polynomial functions and extreme
functions, Maxima and functions and values; Rolle's
Minima; Concavity, convexity terms; problems Theorem
and inflexion, implicit related to
differentiation. differentiability .
Differential Calculus - Differential Introducing Integral Integral
Solved Problems Set IV - Calculus - Calculus - Theory Calculus
Examples and solved Solved Problems and definitions. - Solved
problems - Slope of tangents Set V - More What integration Problems Set I
to a curve, points of inflexion, examples of means, the integral - Examples and
convexity and concavity of investigating and and the integrand. solved problems
curves, radius of curvature sketching curves, Indefinite integrals, - elementary
and asymptotes of curves, parametric integrals of common examples of
sketching curves representation of functions. Definite integration
curves integration and involving
properties of definite trigonometric
integrals; Integration functions,
by substitution, polynomials;
integration by parts, integration by
the LIATE rule, parts; area
Integral as the limit under curves.
of a sum. Important
forms encountered in

11. integration.
Integral Calculus - Solved Integral Calculus Integral Calculus - Integral
Problems Set II - Examples - Solved Solved Problems Calculus
and solved problems - Problems Set Set IV - Examples - Solved
integration by substitution, III- Examples and and solved problems Problems Set V
definite integrals, integration solved problems - More of integrals - Examples and
involving trigonometric and - Reduction involving partial solved problems
inverse trigonometric ratios. formulas, fractions, more - More complex
reducing the complex substitutions examples of
integrand to and transformations integration,
partial fractions, examples of
more of definite integration as
integrals the limit of a
summation of a
series
Introduction to Differential Differential Differential Differential
Equations and Solved Equations Equations - Solved Equations
Problems - Set I - - Solved Problems - Set - Solved
Theory and definitions. Problems - Set III - More complex Problems - Set
What a differential equation II - Examples and cases of differential IV -
is; ordinary and partial solved problems equations. Still more
differential equations; order - Solving linear differential
and degree of a differential differential equations.
equation; linear and non equations, the D
linear differential equations; operator, auxiliary
General, particular and equations.
singular solutions; Initial and Finding the
boundary value problems; general solution (
Linear independence and CF + PI )
dependence; Homogeneous
equations; First order
differential equations;
Characteristic and auxiliary
equations. Introductory
problems demonstrating these
concepts. Introducing the
concept of Integrating Factor
(IF).
Multiple Variable Calculus

12. Calculus - Multiple Calculus - Multiple Calculus - Multiple
Variables - Part I- Variables - Part 2- Variables - Part 3-
Functions of severable Functions of several Multiple Integrals;
variables; limits and variables, theorems and double and triple
continuity co-ordinates integrals
Applied Mathematics : An Introduction to Game Theory
An Introduction to Game Extensive Games Bayesian Games : Repeated Games
Theory Games with
Incomplete
Information
Applied Mathematics : An Introduction to Operations Research
Introduction to Operations A quick introduction to Operations Research.
Research Introducing Linear Programming, standard and
canonical forms. Linear Programming geometry, feasible
regions, feasible solutions, simplex method. Some basic
problems.
Physics
Basic Mechanics
Introduction to Vectors Vectors and Newton's Laws of Work, Force and
and Motion Projectile Motion Motion Energy
Simple Harmonic Motion Rotational Dynamics Fluid Mechanics
Engineering Mechanics
Moments and Equivalent Centroid And Center Analysis of
Systems of Gravity Structures
Electrostatics and Electromagnetism

13. Electrostatics - Part Electrostatics Electromagnetism - Electromagnetism
1: Theory, definitions - Part 2: Part 1: Theory and - Part 2: Solved
and problems More solved Definitions problems
Columb's law. problems. Lorentz Force, Bio- Solved problems
Electric Field More solved Savart law, Ampere's related to the concepts
Intensity, principle problems related force law, basic laws introduced above.
of superposition, to the concepts related to Magnetic
gauss theorem, introduced fields and their
electrostatic potential, above. applications. Magnetic
electric field intensities field intensities
due to common due to common
charge distributions, current distributions.
capacitors and Electromagnetic
calculating Induction. Self and
capacitance. Solved mutual induction.
problems.
Advanced concepts
in Electrostatics and
Electromagnetism (
Theory only )
Advanced concepts
related to electrostatics
and electromagnetism
(theory only).
Computer Science and Programming
Data Structures and Algorithms
Arrays : Popular
Sorting and Searching
Algorithms
Bubble Sort - One of the Insertion Sort - Selection Sort Shell Sort
most elementary sorting Another quadratic time Another quadratic An inefficient
algorithms to implement - sorting algorithm - an time sorting but interesting

14. and also very inefficient. example of dynamic algorithm - an algorithm, the
Runs in quadratic time. programming. An example of a complexity of
A good starting point to explanation and step greedy algorithm. which is not
understand sorting in through of how the An explanation and exactly known.
general, before moving algorithm works, as step through of
on to more advanced well as the source code how the algorithm
techniques and for a C program which works, as well as
algorithms. A general performs insertion sort. the source code for
idea of how the algorithm a C program which
works and a the code for performs selection
a C program. sort.
Merge Sort An example Quick Sort In the
of a Divide and Conquer average case, this Heap Sort Binary Search
algorithm. Works in O(n works in O(n log n) Efficient sorting Algorithm
log n) time. The memory time. No additional algorithm which Commonly used
complexity for this is a bit memory overhead - runs in O(n log algorithm used to
of a disadvantage. so this is better than n) time. Uses find the position
merge sort in this the Heap data of an element in
regard. A partition structure. a sorted array.
element is selected, the Runs in O(log n)
array is restructured time.
such that all elements
greater or less than
the partition are on
opposite sides of the
partition. These two
parts of the array are
then sorted recursively.
Basic Data Structures
and Operations on
them
Stacks Last In First Out Queues First in First
data structures ( LIFO Out data structure Single Linked List Double Linked
). Like a stack of cards (FIFO). Like people A self referential List
from which you pick waiting to buy tickets in data structure. A A self referential
up the one on the top ( a queue - the first one list of elements, data structure. A
which is the last one to to stand in the queue, with a head and a list of elements,
be placed on top of the gets the ticket first and tail; each element with a head and a
stack ). Documentation gets to leave the queue points to another of tail; each element
of the various operations first. Documentation of its own kind. points to another
and the stages a stack the various operations of its own kind in

15. passes through when and the stages a queue front of it, as well
elements are inserted passes through as as another of its
or deleted. C program elements are inserted own kind, which
to help you get an or deleted. C Program happens to be
idea of how a stack is source code to help you behind it in the
implemented in code. get an idea of how a sequence.
queue is implemented
in code.
Circular Linked List 1.
Linked list with no head
and tail - elements point
to each other in a circular
fashion.
Tree Data Structures
Binary Search Trees Heaps - A tree like Height Balanced
A basic form of tree data data structure where Trees - Ensuring
structures. Inserting and every element is that trees
deleting elements in them. lesser (or greater) remain balanced
Different kind of binary tree than the one above to optimize
traversal algorithms. it. Heap formation, complexity of
sorting using heaps in operations which
O(n log n) time. are performed on
them.
Graphs and Graph
Algorithms
Depth First Search - Breadth First Minimum Minumum
Traversing through a graph Search - Traversing Spanning Spanning Trees:
using Depth First Search in through a graph using Trees: Kruskal Prim's Algorithm
which unvisited neighbors Breadth First Search Algorithm Finding the
of the current vertex are in which unvisited Finding the Minimum Spanning
pushed into a stack and neighbors of the Minimum Tree using the
visited in that order. current vertex are Spanning Tree Prim's Algorithm.
pushed into a queue using the Kruskal
and then visited in Algorithm which
that order. is a greedy
technique.

16. Introducing the
concept of Union
Find.
Dijkstra Algorithm for Floyd Warshall Bellman Ford
Shortest Paths Algorithm for Algorithm
Popular algorithm for Shortest Paths Another common
finding shortest paths : All the all shortest shortest path
Dijkstra Algorithm. path algorithm: Floyd algorithm :
Warshall Algorithm Bellman Ford
Algorithm.
Popular Algorithms in
Dynamic Programming
Dynamic Programming Integer Knapsack Matrix Chain Longest
A technique used to solve problem Multiplication Common
optimization problems, An elementary Given a long Subsequence
based on identifying and problem, often used chain of matrices Given two strings,
solving sub-parts of a to introduce the of various sizes, find the longest
problem first. concept of dynamic how do you common sub
programming. parenthesize sequence between
them for the them.
purpose of
multiplication -
how do you chose
which ones to
start multiplying
first?
Dynamic Programming
Algorithms covered
previously:
Insertion Sort, Floyd
Warshall Algorithm
Algorithms which we
already covered, which
are example of dynamic
programming.
Greedy Algorithms
Elementary cases : Data Compression

17. Fractional Knapsack using Huffman
Problem, Task Trees
Scheduling - Elementary Compression using
problems in Greedy Huffman Trees. A
algorithms - Fractional greedy technique for
Knapsack, Task encoding information.
Scheduling. Along with C
Program source code.
Commonly Asked Programming Interview Questions - from Microsoft/
Google/Facebook/Amazon interviews
Programming Interview Questions
with Solutions - Microsoft, Google,
Facebook, Amazon
A Collection of C Programs
C Programs - Miscellaneous C Programs
Exploring various 1. 1 Computing the Area of a Circle in
things which can be C
2. 2 C Program to check for Armstrong
done in C Numbers
3. 3 C Program for Bezier Curves
4. 4 C Program implementing the
Bisection Method ( Numerical
Computing )
5. 5 C Program demonstrating the use
of Bitwise Operators
6. 6 C Program for an Expression
Evaluator
7. 7 C Program to demonstrate File
Handling Functions
8. 8 C Program to demonstrate the
Gaussian Elimination Method
9. 9 C Program to compute the GCD
(HCF) of two numbers
10. 10 C Program to solve the Josephus
Problem
11. 11 C Program to demonstrate
operations on Matrices
12. 12 C Program implementing the
Newton Raphson Method (Numerical
Computing)
13. 13 C Program to check whether a
string is a palindrome or not

18. 14. 14 C Program to print the Pascal
Triangle
15. 15 C Program to display Prime
Numbers using the sieve of
Eratosthenes
16. 16 C Program for the Producer -
Consumer Problem
17. 17 C Program for the Reader - Writer
Problem
18. 18 C Program to demonstrate the
Dining Philosopher problem
19. 19 C Program to reverse the order of
words in a sentence
20. 20 C Program to reverse a string
21. 21 C Program to demonstrate the
values in the series expansion of
exp(x),sin(x),cos(x),tan(x)
22. 22 C Program to demonstrate
common operations on Sets
23. 23 C Program to solve Simultaneous
Linear Equations in two variables
24. 24 C program to display the total
number of words,the number of
unique words and the frequency of
each word
25. 25 C program to display the IP
address
26. 26 C program implementing
the Jacobi method (Numerical
Computing)
Functional Programming Principles and Techniques
Functional Programming - Using the Functional
A General Overview Programming paradigm
with a regular
programming language
like Ruby

19. Databases - A Quick Introduction To SQL - Sample Queries
demonstrating common commands
Introduction to SQL- A Introduction to Introduction to SQL Introduction to SQL
few sample queries - A SQL- A few sample - A few sample - A few sample
Case Study - Coming queries : Creating queries : Making queries : Insert,
up with a Schema for Tables (CREATE) Select Queries Delete, Update,
Tables -Taking a look Creating tables, Elementary database Drop, Truncate, Alter
at how the schema for defining the type and queries - using the Operation Example
a database table is size of the fields that go select statement, of SQL commands
defined, how different into it. adding conditions and which are commonly
fields require to be clauses to it to retrieve
used to modify
defined. Starting with information stored in a
database tables.
a simple "case study" database.
on which the following
SQL tutorials will be
based.
Introduction to SQL - Introduction to
A few sample queries: SQL- A few sample
Important operators queries: Aggregate
- Like, Distinct, Functions - Sum,
Inequality, Union, Null, Max, Min, Avg -
Join, Top Aggregate functions
Other Important SQL to extract numerical
operators. features about the
data.
Introduction To Networking
Client Server Program in A basic introduction to networking and client server programming in
Python Python. In this, you will see the code for an expression calculator .
Clients can sent expressions to a server, the server will evaluate
those expressions and send the output back to the client.
Introduction to Basic Digital Image Processing Filters
Introductory Digital Image Low-pass/Blurring filters, hi-pass filters and their behavior, edge
Processing filters detection filters in Matlab . You can take a look at how different
filters transform images.
Matlab scripts for these filters.

20. An Introduction to Graphics and Solid Modelling
3D Modelling in Solid A Tutorial on Autodesk 3DS-Max Autodesk 3DS
Works - Part I 3D Modelling in Max - Part II
SolidWorks - Part II
Intro to Google Quick Introduction to Quick Introduction to
Sketchup Open GL (with C++) - Open GL (with C++) -
Part I Part II
Electrical Science and Engineering
Introduction to DC Circuits
Circuit Theory Circuit Theory Circuit Theory 2a - Circuit Theory
1a- Introduction 1b - More solved Introducing Inductors 2b - Problems
to Electrical problems related Inductors, inductance, related to
Engineering, DC to DC Circuits with computing self-inductance, RL, LC, RLC
Circuits, Resistance Resistance and flux-linkages, computing circuits
and Capacitance, Capacitance energy stored as a Introducing
Kirchoff Law Capacitors, magnetic field in a coil, the concept
Resistors, computing mutual inductance, dot of oscillations.
Capacitors, problems capacitance, RC convention, introduction to Solving
related to these. Circuits, time RL Circuits and decay of an problems
constant of decay, inductor. related to RL,
computing voltage LC and RLC
and electrostatic circuits using
energy across a calculus based
capacitance techniques.
Circuit Theory 3a - Circuit Theory 3b
Electrical Networks - More network
and Network theorems, solved
Theorems problems
Different kind of More solved
network elements: problems and
Active and passive, examples related
linear and non- to electrical
linear, lumped and networks. Star
distributed. Voltage and Delta network
and current sources. transformations,
Superposition maximum power

21. theorem, Thevenin transfer theorem,
(or Helmholtz) Compensation
theorem and theorem and
problems based on Tellegen's Theorem
these. and examples related
to these.
Introduction to Digital Electronic Circuits and Boolean logic
Introduction to the Number System : Introduction to Boolean
Number System : Part 1 Part 2 Boolean Algebra : Part Algebra : Part 2
Introducing Binary addition, 1 De-morgan's laws.
number systems. subtraction and Binary logic: True and Logic gates. 2
Representation of multiplication. false. Logical operators input and 3 input
numbers in Decimal, Booth's like OR, NOT, AND. gates. XOR,
Binary,Octal and multiplication Constructing truth XNOR gates.
Hexadecimal forms. algorithm. tables. Basic postulates Universality of
Conversion from one Unsigned and of Boolean Algebra. NAND and NOR
form to the other. signed numbers. Logical addition, gates. Realization
multiplication and of Boolean
complement rules. expressions using
Principles of duality. NAND and NOR.
Basic theorems of Replacing gates in
boolean algebra: a boolean circuit
idempotence, involution, with NAND and
complementary, NOR.
commutative,
associative, distributive
and absorption laws.
Understanding Karnaugh Maps : Introduction to Combinational
Karnaugh Maps : Part Part 2 Combinational Circuits : Part 2
1 Introducing Karnaugh Map rolling. Circuits : Part 1 Static and
Maps. Min-terms and Overlapping Combinational circuits: Dynamic
Max-terms. Canonical and redundant for which logic is RAM, Memory
expressions. Sum of groups. Examples entirely dependent organization.
products and product of of reducing of inputs and nothing
sums forms. Shorthand expressions via K- else. Introduction
notations. Expanding Map techniques. to Multiplexers,
expressions in SOP and De-multiplexers,
POS Forms ( Sum of encoders and
products and Product decoders.Memories:
of sums ). Minimizing RAM and ROM.

22. boolean expressions Different kinds of
via Algebraic methods ROM - Masked ROM,
or map based reduction programmable ROM.
techniques. Pair, quad
and octet in the context
of Karnaugh Maps.
Introduction to Sequential
Sequential Circuits : Circuits : Part 2
Part 1 ADC or DAC
Introduction to Converters
Sequential circuits. and conversion
Different kinds of processes. Flash
Flip Flops. RS, D, Converters,
T, JK. Structure of ramp generators.
flip flops. Switching Successive
example. Counters approximation and
and Timers. Ripple and quantization errors.
Synchronous Counters.
Clockwise : Fractal Geometry in Nature , Projectile Motion , A graph , An array being sorted