supercritical boiler ntpc sipat

1. Supercritical
SUBMITTED BY :Pratik gupta
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2. It is a thermal power plant of installed
capacity: 2980 MW
 Stage 1 = 3 X 660 MW
 Stage 2 = 2 X 500 MW


3. 
Coal Source
› Dipika Mines of South Eastern Coalfields
Limited

Water Source
› Hasdeo barrage

4. 
Water is heated, turns into steam and
spins a steam turbine which drives
an electrical generator. After it passes
through
the
turbine,
the
steam
is condensed in a condenser and
recycled to where it was heated.

6. The term boiler is used for a
closed vessel in which water or
other fluid is heated
 A Boiler or steam generator essentially is
a container into which water can be fed
and steam can be taken out at desired
pressure, temperature and flow.


7.  “Supercritical”
is the thermodynamic
state where there is no clear
distinction between the Water and
Steam phase in the Ranking Cycle
 Water reaches to steam state at a
critical pressure above 22.1 MPa at
374 °C

8. At 22.1 Mpa and above, there is no
physical differentiation between water
and steam.
 This "critical point" is at the apex of the
saturation line on T-s coordinates.
 Above
this pressure, the physical
properties (density, compressibility, and
Viscosity) change continuously from
those of a liquid to those of a vapor.


9. Super Critical – A Fourth State
Possess Goodness of both liquid and Gas ….
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10. Benefits of Supercritical Units
 Higher unit cycle efficiency (40 - 42%)
 Lower heat rate and electricity generation cost is lower
 Lower water losses because no continuous blow down
 Reduced auxiliary power consumption
Environmental Benefits
 Reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and provides carbon credit within the
Rankine cycle
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11. Types of boilers
 Drum type (Sipat Stage II 500MW)
 Once-through type (Sipat Stage I 660MW)
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12. Drum type boiler
 Steam generation takes place in furnace
water walls
 Fixed evaporation end point - the drum
 Steam -water separation takes place in
the drum
 Separated water mixed with incoming
feed water
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13. Once Through Boiler
Once -through flow through all
sections of boiler (economiser,
water walls & superheater)
Feed pump provides the driving
head
Suitable for sub critical & super
critical pressures
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14. Super critical power plants
are the efficient plants to
produce greater out put
although it has some
drawbacks ….