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Nerea Álvarez i Mariona Ribelles
Definició.............................................................3
Tipus…………………………………………………………….….4
Farmacogenètica……………………………..………………7
Trasplants de cèl·lules stem..............................11
Webgrafia………………………………………………………13
El coneixement dels mecanismes que regulen el
funcionament dels gens es la clau que obre la
possibilitat de corregir certs errors en l’ADN. La
teràpia gènica, que mitjançant la introducció de
gens “terapèutics” corregeix aquests errors, es un
eina que en els últims anys ha començat a donar
resultats alentidors.
Teràpia gènica de cèl·lules somàtiques
Les cèl·lules somàtiques són aquelles que no son
gàmetes o els seus precursors. Aquest tipus
busca introduir els gens a les cèl·lules i així
eliminar les conseqüències clíniques de una
malaltia genètica heretada o adquirida. Les
següents generacions no estaran afectades, el
gen no passa a elles.
Teràpia gènica de cèl·lules germinals
Aquesta no es desenvolupa actualment. Tractaria
de les cèl·lules del embrió aviat, els òvuls, els
espermatozoides o els seus precursors.

Qualsevol gen introduït en aquestes cèl·lules
estaria present no sol en el individu, si no que
seria transmès a la seva descendència.
Del entrecreuament de la
genètica i de la
farmacologia està sorgint
una nova disciplina: la
farmacogenètica. Es
tracta de conèixer quins
llocs puntuals el genoma
de una persona són
responsables de la
resposta a un fàrmac
determinat.
Permetrà saber si un individu respondrà o no a
una determinada medicina.
Segons el pacient pot tenir efectes tòxics o no
els efectes que esperaven. S’espera que en un
futur es podran fer medicaments d'acord amb el
material genètic de cada pacient.
El trasplantament de cèl·lules mare o
stem, capaços de convertir-se en qualsevol
cèl·lula de l'organisme, és una de les principals
promeses de la medicina per al tractament de
mals degeneratius.
"La longevitat prolongada farà necessari el
reemplaçament de teixits per cèl·lules o teixits
obtinguts per enginyeria"
• http://www.terapiagenica.es/
• http://sobremedicina.net/farmacos/obtencion
-de-farmacos.html
• http://es.scribd.com/doc/15938372/OBTENCI
ON-DE-FARMACOS

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Teràpia gènica i obtenció de fàrmacs