1. SEMINAR
ON
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2. • Introduction of IP Addressing
• What is IPv4 ?
• Why we need transition ?
• What is IPv6 ?
• Transition technologies for backward compatibility
• Comparison between IPv4 and IPv6
• Advantages of IPv6
• Conclusion
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3. • The Internet Protocol was designed in the
1970s to connect computers that were in
separate geographic locations.
• An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a
numerical label assigned to each device
participating in a computer network that uses
the Internet Protocol for communication.
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4. • The current version of the Internet Protocol is
IPv4.It is a connectionless protocol.
• IPv4 uses 32-bit (four-byte) addresses, which
limits the address space to 4,294,967,296 (232)
possible unique addresses.
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5. (cont…..)
Representation of IPv4 addresses
Binary notation Dotted Decimal Notation
e.g. 192.10.2.0/24
e.g.
11000000.00001010.00000010.00000000
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6. • The most visible and urgent problem with
using IPv4 on the modern Internet is the rapid
depletion of public addresses.
• IPv4 has difficulties with the explosive
increase in the number of Internet users.
• IPv4 must be configured, either manually or
through the Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol.
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8. • IPv6 is considered to be the next-generation
Internet Protocol.
• IPv6 is an improved version of the Internet
Protocol that is designed to coexist with IPv4
and eventually provide better internetworking
capabilities than IPv4.
• IPv6 can make IP devices less expensive, more
powerful, and even consume less power.
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9. (cont……)
• Address Allocation is classless.
• Standard representation is set of eight 16-bit
values separated by colons which is in
HEXADECIMAL number system.
Eg.47CD:1234:3200:0000:0000:4325:B792:0428
If there are large number of zeros, they can
be omitted with series of colons
E.g. 47CD:1234:3200::4325:B792:0428
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11. • Dual stack – support of both IPv4 and IPv6 on
network devices.
• Tunneling – encapsulation of an IPv6 packet
within an IPv4 packet for transmission over an
IPv4 network.
• Translation – address or port translation of
addresses such as via a gateway device or
translation code in the TCP/IP code of the host or
router.
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12. • This is the simplest and most desirable way for
IPv4 and IPv6 to coexist in the network.
• Dual stack is an integration method where a
node has connectivity to both an IPv4 and
IPv6 network
• Using this method a host or a router is
equipped with both IPv4 and IPv6 protocol
stacks in the operating system.
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13. IPv4
IPv6
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14. • It is a strategy used when two computers
using IPv6 wants to communicate with each
other and the packet must pass through a
region that uses IPv4.
• In this method,IPv6 packet is encapsulated
with IPv4 packet when it enters the region and
leaves its capsule when it exits the region of
IPv4.
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15. IPv6 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
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16. • It is necessary when the majority of the
internet has moved to IPv6 but some system
still use IPv4.
• In this case ,the header format must be totally
changed through the header translation.
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17. IPv6 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6
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19. • Scalability
• Security
• Real-time applications
• Mobility
• Optimized protocol
• Plug-and-play
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20. • Transition mechanisms are vital, because the
change from IPv4 to IPv6 is not going to happen
overnight.
• The final target architecture is to make all
services function on the IPv6 platform.
• This enables the simplification of the network
architecture also from the maintenance point of
view.
• When the transition to IPv6 has been successfully
finalized , there are enough IP addresses for every
piece of equipment.
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