Embedded Intro India05

Embedded Computing Systems Rajesh Gupta, UC San Diego, CA mesl . ucsd . edu

Outline: what are embedded systems and what is so interesting about them? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

"Embedded Everywhere"

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],An Embedded Computing System Application Specific Gates Processor Cores Analog I/O Memory DSP Code

Example: Automotive Embedded Systems Dominated by software and networking complexities

Control, processing, networking, … ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],90 % of all innovations are SW-driven ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Challenges in automotive embedded software ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

But that is just the beginning… Embedded Systems come in many (more) shapes.

Intel Montecito ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

130 W; GBps ,[object Object],[object Object],MicroController 16 bit Instr 32 bit datapath 4K*16bit program 4K*8bit data 1 GHz, 5-stage pipe Real-time scheduler Power control Temperature control Calibration

Computers + Radios = Mobile Platforms

Sensor Nodes as Wireless Networked Embedded Systems Source: Estrin, MOBICOM’03

Indeed, computing nodes are changing rapidly ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Pointer to major sensor node platforms at http://mesl.ucsd.edu/gupta/SPOTSurl.html

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Typical Characteristics

Real-Time Requirements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ES Design: Task Ingredients Environ -ment Processor Analog I/O Memory ASIC DSP Code

Scope and Ingredients of ES Design Tasks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Dedicated system Digital Signal Processors General purpose processors Single Task General Task Mix Correlated Task Mix System + Application SW + SW environment Single Chip System + Applications Engine Control DFT

Programming with Time ,[object Object],/* monitor temperature */ do forever { measure temp; if (temp < setting) start furnace; else if (temp > setting + delta) stop furnace; } /* monitor time of day */ do forever { measure time; if (6:00am) setting = 72; else if (11:00pm) setting = 60; } /* monitor keypad */ do forever { check keypad; if (raise temp) setting++; else if (lower temp) setting--; } Computing system Environment Sense Actuate

Programming with Location ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

One is already seeing time in programming ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Of course, we have seen time before… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Multi-tasking ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

So, then how to organize multiple tasks? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Continued… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

OS Classes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Major OS Structures monolithic microkernel cyclic executive exo kernel

A changing ecosystem of embedded systems “ Text” Timing- Dependent Data Real-World Sensor Inputs Single- or Few- Threaded Multi-Threaded OS Kernels/ Device Drivers MS Word cat Robotics Sensor Networks Distributed, Timing Dependent System MPI/Linda Distributed Robotics Squid TCP System/Internal Uncertainty Data/External Uncertainty Jeremy Elson, Microsoft

In the Human Body Source: Shkel (MAE), Ikei (Biomed), Zheng (ENT), UC Irvine

Into Fabrics and Buildings Ember radios and networks Source: Ember Networks

Summary: New “Computers”, New Challenges ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

An emerging area for technical education ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cal-IT2  Systems Initiative ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Damage Prognosis in SHM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Dasgupta, Gupta, Rosing, CSE, Michael Todd, MAE and Chuck Farrar, LANL

Embedded Intro India05

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Embedded Intro India05