1. Food, Nutrition and Environmental
Issues
XNB151 Food and Nutrition

2. Pre-swallowing vs post-
swallowing
Agricultural Geography
practice
Climate Hygiene,
Cuisine Religion contamination,
food safety
SEP
Marital
Age Finances status
Pregnancy Smoking/ Cooking skills
Cuisine
Medical alcohol Taste
Access/
conditions consumption preferences
transport/ Work
availability Gender Weight goals
Civil war Gender
Athlete/ Mental illness Water
activity level
Hormones
Government Upbringing/
regulations family values
Household
Government structure
regulation Shelter
Equipment

3. What do we need to grow food?
Technology
Naturally occurring
plants & animals
Labour Machinery
Air Sunlight
Food Warmth
Land
Water
Fertiliser
Capital Soils & nutrients
Energy

4. Effect of Food & Nutrition on
the Environment
Nutrition requirements
Mistreatment of animals Carbon emissions
Land degradation & soil erosion Climate change
Increases in water
Loss of biodiversity Loss of species usage

5. Effect of the Environment on
Food & Nutrition
Environmental change  impact on ‘primary’ & ‘secondary’ resources
Land degradation Temperature Water scarcity
Food insecurity Food production Food safety
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uf8AOXc6_fg
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXaX2m2Yc-U http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1H9WZGKQeYg

6. Sustainability of Agricultural
Systems
• The population has grown exponentially
• The maximum population the earth can
support depends on the ability to feed
the population requiring an omnivorous
diet
• Climate change could compromise this
ability
• Climactic disasters & disease/pest
outbreaks could serve to limit the
population

7. Phosphorus
• Chemical element required by plants
for growth
• Current serious threat to agriculture
and food production is increasing
shortage of phosphorus
– Estimates suggest supplies may only last
15 – 25 years
THERE CAN BE NO CELLULAR LIFE
WITHOUT PHOSPHORUS
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VHvsQXSEbQQ

8. What can we do?
• Sustainable agricultural practice
– Efficient use of water (irrigation practices)
– Widespread use of machinery
– GM crops
– Sufficient fertiliser
– Environmentally safe pesticides
– Technologies to increase yield &
efficiency

9. ‘Globesity’
Obesity and climate change both increase in association with
improved technology, less labour intensive work and carbon-intensive
foods

10. Shared determinants
between climate change
and nutritional problems
Environmental
Nutrition Problems
Problems

11. % Obesity CO2 Tonnes /capita 2004

13. Obesogenic environments
• “An environment that promotes
gaining weight and one that is not
conducive to weight loss” –
Swinburne, 2009
• Effect on individual nutrition and
nutrition status

14. Food insecurity 24-hour food retail outlets
High density of ‘unhealthy’ food
retail outlets High-population density
Obesogenic environment
Poor conditions/ opportunity for
Low-cost of energy dense
physical activity
convenience foods
Technological improvements
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6QnCdc6LkY