2. • In our solar system water in the
liquid form only found in earth
• 2/3 of the earth is covered by
water
• When we look at the earth it is
looks like a blue ball , so it is
called blue planet or watery
planet
• 97% of the water on the earth is
saline
• Pure water contains only 3 % ,
6. • The amount of water can be directly
used is only 0.33%
• Total quantity of water on the earth
is around 1386 lakh cubic metre
• Saline water found in ocean,
• Pure water found in river lake etc
• It found in gases manner in the
atmosphere
9. • Total volume of water on the earth
is almost constant
• From sea, lake, and from plants get
heated up by sun and finally
evaporates and condensed, as a
result precipitation takes place
• Thus water is always in cyclical
movement and it is called water
cycle, due to this process the
amount water remains constant
11. • Largest amount of pure water
found in polar ice blocks
• % of pure water found in river
and lakes are 0.26 and 0.0006
• Atmosphere contains about
0.04 %
• 2.5 % of pure water found totally
on the earth
13. Surface water
• Rivers are the major agent of surface
water
• Land use of the area is largely
determine by the amount of water
flowing through
• River origin from the mountain where
dense forest can be found where water
flow throughout the year
• If river originates from slopes where
plantation or mixed crops can be seen
and the river will be less flow in summer
15. • Rivers can be divided into two basis on
their flow
• PPeerreennnniiaall rriivveerrss aanndd
• NNoonn ppeerreennnniiaall rriivveerrss
• Rivers that flows throughout the year
called Perennial rivers
• Rain fall and melting of snow are the
major source of these river
• Indus ,Ganges Brahmaputra are
examples
16. • Some perennial rivers are depend
solely on rain , which take its origin
near the equator , where there is
rain fall in almost days in year.
• Amazon, Nile and Congo are
examples
• The only river which cross the
equator twice is the Congo, this
perennial river originates from the
forest of Africa
17.
18. • All the rivers except
Himalayan rivers in India have
lean flow during summer and
regular flow during monsoon
19. • Some part of the area water seeps
into the earth, some area water
dries up quickly but not in paddy
fields
• Factors which influence rate of
seeping are
• Different in the composition of soil
particles
• Topography of the land
• Presence of organic matter
20.
21. • When the water filters from the top soil
inward is called infiltration, if it filters
down due to gravitational pull and
become underground water it is called
percolation
• Water filters through the crack of rocks
also
• There difference in rate of percolation,
depending on the composition of soil
22. •Water infiltrates and get
collected in rock layers
these are called aquifers
• These collected water
finally reach into the rivers
and ponds as underground
water