2. It is a characteristic of a counselor that discusses the honest and open communication of clients to the counselors.

3. Effective counselors communicate caring and respect for the persons they are trying to help.

4. Effective counselors are skillful at reaching out.

5. Effective counselors are able to reach out as well as to reach out.

6. Effective counselors attempt to understand the behavior of the people they try to help without imposing value judgments

7. Answer: B. Effective counselors are skillful ate reaching out

8. Through their demeanor and underlying views about others, effective counselors are able to encourage others to communicate openly and honestly with them. By actively listening for the client’s feelings, beliefs, assumptions about self, significant others, and life circumstances, effective counselors avoid responding in ways that create defensiveness and block communication.

9. Reference: (Welfel, Elizabeth Reynolds. 2005. The Counseling Process: A Multitheoretical Integrative Approach. USA: Thomson Learning Academic Resource Center, p. 13)

10. This is the first stage of the culture centered approach.

11. Increasing Multicultural Awareness

12. Developing Multicultural Knowledge

13. Developing Multicultural Skill

14. All of the above

15. Answer: A. Increasing Multicultural Awareness

16. This is the first stage in a multicultural centered approach. Increased cultural awareness is indicated in a variety of ways.

18. This is the third stage in developing multicultural competency.

19. Developing Multicultural Knowledge

20. Increasing Multicultural Awareness

21. Developing Multicultural Skill

22. All of the above

23. Answer: C. Developing Multicultural Skill

24. This is the third stage in developing multicultural competency. Having multicultural skill is indicated in variety of ways.

25. Reference: (Harper, Frederick D. and Mcfadden, John. Culture and Counseling. Allyn and Bacon. 2003. p. 37 )

26. It is the risk of the counselor’s impairments and emotional difficulties.

27. a. Counselors are humans and they feel exhausted too.

28. Counselors has a separate life of being a professional and being a simple human.

29. Counselors who have worked through their own emotional difficulties or who are not overwhelmed by stress in their personal lives are at risk for impairments.

30. All of the above

31. Answer: C. Counselors who have worked through their own emotional difficulties or who are not overwhelmed by stress in their personal lives are at risk for impairments.

32. They can develop burnout, an experience of emotional depletion, alienation from clients, and sense of futility in their work (Maslach, Jackson, and Leiter, 1996) Burnout happens when they let their work become the only focus in their lives and when they work under conditions that make the job itself stressful. This combination of circumstances puts counselors at risk of losing perspective on their effectiveness and their clients.

34. a. Effective counselors are able to reason systematically and to think in terms if system.

35. b. Effective counselors must rationalize and use scientific methods of solving problems.

36. c. Effective counselors have expertise in some area that will be of special value to the client.

38. 37. This is one of the dimensions of competence that includes one’s own biases values and assumptions about human behavior.

39. Awareness

40. Understanding

41. Skills

42. Competence

43. Answer: A. Awareness.The ethical responsibility to gain self-awareness is emphasized in the ACA code of ethics, which states that counselors are aware of their own values, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors and how these apply in a diverse society, and avoid imposing their values on clients.

44. Reference:(Harper, Frederick D. and Mcfadden, John. Culture and Counseling. Allyn and Bacon. 2003. p. 365)

45. 38. It is the second area of multicultural competence which is defined as to gain knowledge and understanding of the worldviews of culturally diverse clients.

46. Awareness

47. Understanding

48. Skills

49. Competence

50. Answer: B. Understanding. This competency is reflected in the standard that requires counselors to actively attempt to understand the diverse cultural backgrounds of the clients with whom they work.

51. Reference:(Harper, Frederick D. and Mcfadden, John. Culture and Counseling. Allyn and Bacon. 2003. p. 365)

52. 39. This the third step in multicultural practice.

53. Awareness

54. Understanding

55. Skills

56. Competence

57. Answer: C. Skills. The third step is to translate the acquired self-awareness and knowledge into skills for multicultural practice. Counselors have an ethical obligation to demonstrate a commitment to gain knowledge, personal awareness. Sensitivity and skills pertinent to working with a diverse client population.

58. Reference:(Harper, Frederick D. and Mcfadden, John. Culture and Counseling. Allyn and Bacon. 2003. p. 365)

60. Teacher Expectancies

61. Expectancies of School Administrators

62. Expectations of Governmental Agencies

63. Answer: B. Teacher Expectancies. The major impression is that teacher expects counseling to reduce or eliminate pupil behavior that causes classroom friction and disturbance.Reference: (De Jesus, Evangeline. 2004. Counseling Psychology, Manila: Educational Publishing House, p. 81)<br />42. This is one of the unacceptable counseling expectations where in it is characterized by them assuming that it will result in an efficient school organization.<br />Parent Expectancies<br />Teacher Expectancies<br />Expectancies of School Administrators<br />Expectations of Governmental Agencies<br />Answer: C. Expectancies of School Administrators<br />They want counseling to be supportive of school policies and to reinforce student conformity and acceptance of the status quo. In short, counseling sought to produce fewer organizational disruptions <br />Reference: (De Jesus, Evangeline. 2004. Counseling Psychology, Manila: Educational Publishing House, p. 81)<br />43. It is defined as to enable the individual to make decisions that are of critical importance to him.<br />Behavioral Change<br />Positive Mental Health<br />Problem Resolution<br />Decision Making<br />Answer: D. Decision Making. It is not the counselor’s job to decide what decisions the counselee should make or to choose alternate courses of action for him.<br />Reference: (De Jesus, Evangeline. 2004. Counseling Psychology, Manila: Educational Publishing House, p. 85)<br />44. It is the term that almost all therapist and counselors avoid to use.<br />Cure<br />Medicate<br />Pathetic<br />Sick<br />Answer: A. Cure. Almost all the therapists and counselors avoid use of the term ‘cure’ and any client expectations that therapy will result in final and dramatic removal of suffering. <br />Reference: (Feltham, Colin and Horton, Ian. The SAGE Handbook of Counseling and Psychotherapy. SAGE Publications. 2005. p. 12)<br />45. This is the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs top level where in it suggests the possible goal at counseling as an aim towards becoming a better person.<br />Self-realization<br />Self-depreciation<br />Self-actualization<br />Self-esteem<br />Answer: C. Self-actualization. Under this heading, may be included all aims towards becoming a better person, having greater self-awareness or self-knowledge and attaining a state of fully functioning personhood. <br />The range of goals subsumed here may include, for example, anything from ‘I want to be more assertive/risk-taking/happy’, to ‘I want to try out everything life has to offer, I want to overcome all obstacles in my life and find the real me.’ Concepts of individuation, maturation, finding the real self, being true to oneself and increasing self-awareness fit here.<br />Reference: (Feltham, Colin and Horton, Ian. The SAGE Handbook of Counseling and Psychotherapy. SAGE Publications. 2005. p. 13)<br />46. It is the actual range and possible goal of counseling that suggest the complete change at the client.<br />Cure<br />Personality Change<br />Systemic, Organizational or Social Change<br />Discovery of meaning and transcendental experience<br />Answer: B. Personality Change. At an illusory level, the rather retiring, somewhat unattractive and untalented person may fantasize that therapy will compensatorily convert him or her into everything that he or she is not. <br />However, a number of client claims and testimonies based on dramatic disappearance of distressing symptoms or limitations (‘Therapy completely changed/saved my life’) have suggested major life changes as a desired outcome for some clients.<br /> <br />Reference: (Feltham, Colin and Horton, Ian. The SAGE Handbook of Counseling and Psychotherapy. SAGE Publications. 2005. p. 13)<br />47. It is actual range and possible goals at counseling where in it explicitly involves the religious aspect at the clients life. <br />Theological orientation<br />Spiritual Acceptance<br />Discovery at meaning and transcendental experience<br />All of the above<br />Answer: C. Discovery at meaning and transcendental experience<br />Particularly in the wake of the relative decline of formal religion and loss of spiritual and moral leaders and mentors, it seems that therapy has become for many an avenue for the exploration of existential. Spiritual or metaphysical meaning and transcendental experience. The existential, humanistic and transpersonal approaches lend themselves most explicitly to such aspirations.<br /> <br />Reference: (Feltham, Colin and Horton, Ian. The SAGE Handbook of Counseling and Psychotherapy. SAGE Publications. 2005. p. 13)<br />48. This criteria for judging effective goals in counseling states that if goals are defined quantitatively, achievement is most easily recognized.<br />Goals are specific<br />Goals are relevant to self-defeating behavior<br />Goals are quantifiable and measurable<br />Goals are mutually agreed on by client and counselor<br />Answer: C. Goals are quantifiable and measurable. It is important that both client and counselor know when goals are achieved.<br />Reference: (Gladding, Samuel. 2004. Counseling: A Comprehensive Profession. New Jersey: Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall, p. 140)<br />49. This criteria for judging effective goals in counseling is responsible for clear communication and restating the goals.<br />Goals are behavioral and observable<br />Goals are understandable and can be restated clearly<br />Goals are specific<br />Goals are relevant to self-defeating behavior<br />Answer: B. Goals are understandable and can be restated clearly<br />It is vital that client and counselor communicate clearly about goals. One way to assess how well this process is achieved is through restating goals in one’s own words. <br />Reference: (Gladding, Samuel. 2004. Counseling: A Comprehensive Profession. New Jersey: Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall, p. 141)<br />50. This is the investigation of causes at problematic feelings, thoughts and behavior as the primary goals.<br />Symptom amelioration<br />Insight and understanding<br />Problem Solving and decision making<br />Cure<br />Answer: B. Insight and understanding. Both client and therapist may wish to pursue the search for historical causes and the reasons for persistently counter-productive behaviour in current life circumstances (“Why did this happen to me? Why am like this? Aha! –now I see where this cones from”). <br />For some practitioners and clients, the goals of therapy may be the attainment of deeper and deeper insights or a state of continuous understanding of self, of how conflicts arise, of motivations. Etc.<br />Reference: (Feltham, Colin and Horton, Ian. The SAGE Handbook of Counseling and Psychotherapy. SAGE Publications. 2005. p. 12)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br />