English ppt para examen Ingles I y II

1. English summary Levels I and II

2. Verb To be Content

3. Verb To be My name is Lisa Simpson I’m Chilean, I’m from Santiago Their favorite sports are football and volleyball It’s 10:00 o’clock It’s sunny today, but it isn’t warm Can you think of more examples?

4. Verb To be Positive form Short forms

5. Verb To be Negativeform Short forms

6. Verb To be Interrogativeform Short answers

7. Comprehensioncheck Makequestionswiththesewords Is / at home / yourmother Your / parents /are / well Interesting / is / yourjob The shops / are / open today From / where / you / are Interested in spot / you / are Is / nearhere / the post office At school / are / yourchildren You / are / late / why

8. There is / There are Content

9. Thereis / There are Rules 1. Use there is for singular nouns (one item). E.g.: There is a spider on the wall. 2. Use there is for non-countable items(group nouns) E.g.: There is milk on the floor. 3. Use there are for many items (plural nouns). E.g.: There are pencils on my desk.

10. Comprehensioncheck Readthesentence and decide ontheanswer. There____ many animals in the zoo. There ____ a snake in the window. There ____ a fly on my soup. There ____ 2 windows in my bedroom. There ____ many children near their parents. There ____ a bird next to the tree. There ____ many monkeys in the trees. There ____ an elephant in the zoo.

11. Verbs are used in infinitive form. E.g.: Work In the third person (he/she/it), you add an “s” to the verbs in affirmative form. Auxiliaries: Do-Does Present Simple

12. Present Simple Expresses a habit or often repeated action. Adverbs of frequency such as: often (a menudo), seldom (raravez), sometimes (a veces), never (nunca), etc. are used with this tense. E.g.: She goes to work everyday They always eat lunch together

13. Present Simple This tense also expresses general truths or facts that are timeless. E.g.: Snowfallsin the December in Minnesota. Waterboilsat 100 degrees Celsius.

14. Present Simple Present simple’s negative corresponds to don’t/doesn’t + verb. E.g.: A: coffee? B: No, thanks. I don’t drink coffee A doesn’t drink coffee

15. Present Simple I don’t drink coffee but I drink tea Sue drinks tea but she doesn’t drink coffee You don’t work very hard We don’t watch T.V very often Myriam and Sylvana don’t know many people ? Negative Affirmative

16. Present Simple Present simple’s interrogative is formed by using do/does. E.g.: Do you play chess? What kind of movies does she like?

17. Present Simple Do play tennis? Do your parents speak English? Does Gary work hard? Does your sister live in London? Do you like Reggeaton? ? Interrogative Short answer

18. Demonstratives Content

19. Demonstratives and possessives Demonstrative Pronouns Def: to demonstrate (verb):to show; to indicate; to point to. This: singular and near the speaker That: singular and at a distance from the speaker These: plural and near the speaker Those: plural and at a distance from the speaker Normally we use demonstrative pronouns for things only. But we can use them for people when the person is identified. Look at these examples. E.g.: This is Josef speaking. Is that Mary? That sounds like John.

20. Comprehensioncheck 1. ___men are from Spain.2. ___foot is dirty.3. ___scissors are very sharp.4. ___children don't have any parents.5. ___mouse is broken. 1. ___roofs are made of wood.2. ___box is empty.3. ___trousers are made in China.4. ___men are waiting for the bus.5. ___tomato is very big. Use that / these Use this / those

21. Demonstratives and possessives We use possessive adjectives to indicate possession over the subject or object of the sentence. They are followed by a noun (sustantivo).

22. Comprehensioncheck

23. Verbs are used in gerund form. E.g.: Working Auxiliaries: am-are-is Present continuous or progressive

24. Present Progressive This tense is used to describe an action that is occurring right now (at this moment, today, this year, etc.). The action has begun and is still in progress. E.g.: She is typing a paper for her class. He can’t talk. He is fixing the sink right now.

25. Present Progressive The present progressive can also be used to describe an action that is occurring in the present, but is temporary. John is living in Italy, but he might move soon

26. Present Progressive Present progressive’s negative corresponds to am not/aren’t/isn’t + verb. E.g.: I play the guitar but I am not playing the guitar now They aren’t paying attention to the class She isn’t writing she is editing.

27. Present Progressive I am not drinking coffee, but I am drinking tea Sue is drinking tea but she isn’t drinking coffee You are not working very hard We are not watching TV (very often X) Myriam and Sylvana are not meeting many people ? Negative Affirmative

28. Present Progressive Present progressive’s interrogative is formed by usin1g am/are/is just like in the present simple. E.g.: Are you playing chess? What is Bill trying to do?

29. Present Progressive Are playing tennis? Are your parents speaking English? Is Gary working hard? Is your sister living in London? What am I dancing? ? Interrogative Short answer

30. Countable and uncountable nouns Content

31. Countable and uncountable nouns Introduction In English we make a basic distinction between what are referred to as countable nouns (also sometimes called count nouns) and uncountable nouns (also sometimes called uncount or mass nouns). Countable nouns represent people or things (both abstract and concrete) which can be counted. In the examples below, the countable nouns are shown in bold:

32. Countable and uncountable nouns Sam’s eating a bar of chocolate. Can you look after Tom for ten minutes? Do you have any brothers or sisters? If you pass your exams you’ll have more opportunities in the future. Study the third example.

33. Countable and uncountable nouns Countable nouns can be used in both the singular and plural form. The majority of plural forms of countable nouns end in –s, e.g.: minute – minutes brother – brothers opportunity – opportunities leaf – leaves

34. Countable and uncountable nouns Although a smaller number of plural forms are irregular, e.g: child – children woman – women mouse – mice

35. Countable and uncountable nouns Some countable nouns have the same form for both singular and plural, e.g: a sheep – nine sheep one salmon – three salmon

36. Countable and uncountable nouns Uncountable nouns have no plural form and are never used with numbers. However we can refer to a quantity by using certain determiners or quantifying phrases. e.g.: Do you want some milk? Have you got enough money? There were a few drops of water on the floor. Your son has a great deal of intelligence.

37. Comprehension check: use a/an if necessary I haven’t got watch Do you like cheese? I never wear hat Are you looking for a job? Kate doesn’t eat meat Kate eats apple everyday I’m going to party tonight Music is wonderful thing Jamaica is island I don’t need key Everybody needs food I’ve got good idea Can you drive car? Do you want cup of coffee? I don’t like coffee without milk Don’t go out without umbrella

38. Some and any Content

39. Some and any We use some and anytorefertouncountablenouns. Generally “some” (algo) isusedforaffirmativesentences and “any “(nada) isusedforinterrogative and negativesentences. E.g: Isthereanysugar? Yes, thereissomesugar No, thereisn'tanysugar.

40. Some and any Fill in the correct word (some or any). Sue went to the cinema with____ of her friends! Jane doesn't have____ friends. Have you got____ brothers or sisters? Here is____ food for the cat. I think you should put____ flowers on the table. Could you check if there are____ calls on the answering machine? I don't want____ presents for my birthday. Did they have____ news for you? I'm hungry - I'll have____ sandwiches. There aren't____ apples left.

41. Adjectives, comparatives and superlatives Content

42. Adjectives, comparatives and superlatives Adjectives are words that describe or modify another person or thing. Adjectives have 2 degrees (grados): Thecomparativefor comparing 2 things. E.g.: She’s more intelligent than her sister This is a bigger piece of cake. The superlative for comparing 2 or 3 things, He’s the most intelligent man I’ve ever met. This is the biggest piece of cake

43. Some rules about forming comparatives and superlatives

44. Adjectives, comparatives and superlatives One syllable adjectives: generally form the comparative by adding -er and the superlative by adding -est, e.g.

45. Adjectives, comparatives and superlatives Two syllable adjectives which end in -y usually form the comparative by adding -er and the superlative by adding -est, (note the change of -y to -i in the comparative/superlative) e.g.:

46. Adjectives, comparatives and superlatives Two syllable adjectives ending in -ed, -ing, -ful, or -less always form the comparative with more and the superlative with most, e.g.:

47. Adjectives, comparatives and superlatives Three or more syllables adjectivesalways form the comparative and superlative with more and most, e.g.:

48. Adjectives, comparatives and superlatives The following adjectives have irregular comparative and superlative forms

49. Comprehension check: form the comparatives and superlatives big/small A/D __________________ A __________________ B __________________ A B D C

50. Comprehension check: form the comparatives and superlatives long/short A B C D C/A __________________ D __________________ B __________________

51. Comprehension check: form the comparatives and superlatives young/old D/C __________________ B __________________ C __________________ I’m 19 I’m 23 I’m 21 I’m 24

52. Comprehension check: form the comparatives and superlatives expensive/cheap D/A __________________ C __________________ A __________________

53. Comprehension check: form the comparatives and superlatives good/bad A/C __________________ A __________________ D __________________

54. Verbs are used in past form. E.g.: Worked (regular) Caught (irregular) Auxiliary: Did Past Simple

55. Past Simple We use the simple past to indicate exactly when an action or event took place in the past. E.g.: I visited my sister yesterday. We went out to dinner last night.

56. Past Simple The simple past is use1d to describe actions and/or events that are now completed and no longer true in the present. I attended MJC in 1998. (I no longer attend MJC.) I saw a movie every weekend when I was a teenager. (I don’t see movies very much anymore.)

57. Past Simple Past simple’s negative corresponds to didn’t. E.g.: I didn’t play the guitar They didn’t pay attention to the class. She didn’t write, she edited.

58. Past Simple I didn’t drink coffee, I drank tea. Sue didn’t drink tea but she drank coffee. You didn’t work very hard. You didn’t watch TV very often. Myriam and Sylvana didn’t meet many people. ? Negative Affirmative

59. Past Simple Past simple’s interrogative is formed by using DID. E.g.: Did you play chess? What did Bill try to do?

60. Past Simple Did play tennis? Did your parents speak English? Did Gary work hard? Did your sister live in London? What did I dance? ? Interrogative Short answer

61. Verbs are used in gerund form. E.g.: Working Auxiliaries: was-were Past Progressive

62. Past progressive The past progressive is used to talk about an activity that was in progress at a specific point of time in the past. The emphasis is on the duration of the activity in the past. E.g.: I was studying for an exam while my mother was cooking dinner. We were walking in the park around 7 p.m. last night.

63. Past progressive The past progressive is often used with the simple past to show that one action was in progress when another action occurred. I was taking a bath when the doorbell rang. They were eating dinner when the neighbors stopped by for a visit.

64. Past progressive Past progressive’s negative corresponds to wasn’t/weren’t E.g.: I wasn’t playing the guitar. They weren’t paying attention to the class. She wasn’t writing, she was editing.

65. Past progressive I wasn’t drinking coffee, I was drinking tea. Sue wasn’t drinking tea but she was drinking coffee. You weren’t working very hard. You weren’t watching TV very often. Myriam and Sylvana weren’t meeting many people. ? Negative Affirmative

66. Past progressive Past progressive’s interrogative is formed by using was/were . E.g.: Were you playing chess? What was Bill trying to do?

67. Past progressive Were you playing tennis? Were your parents speaking English? Was Gary working hard? Was your sister living in London? What was I dancing? ? Interrogative Short answer

68. Prepositions of place A isnextto B B isbetween A and C D isin front of B E isbehind B Also A isontheleft C isontheright B isin themiddle ( of thegroup ) E C A B D

69. Prepositions of place Colinisstandingbehind Frank Frank issittingnextto Emma Emma issitting in front of Barbara Emma issittingbetweenDonna and Frank Donnaissittingnextto Emma Frank issitting in front of Colin Alan isstandingbehindDonna Alan isstandingontheleft Barbaraisstanding in themiddle

70. Verbs are used in infinitive form, e.g.: ork for the future simple and in gerund form, e.g.: working Auxiliaries: will (for future simple) am-are-is (for “be going to”) Future Simple and “be going to”

71. Future simple and “be going to” Will and be + going + to are often used to describe future actions. t. E.g.: Thomas will graduate in June. Maria is going to go to Mexico next week.

72. Future simple and “be going to” The simple present and present progressive are also used to express future time. These are often used in connection with schedules. She is meeting a new client at eleven o’clock. The train leaves at 6:00 a.m. tomorrow.

73. Future simple and “be going to” Future simple’s negative corresponds to won’t E.g.: I wont play the guitar. They won’t pay attention to the class. She won’t write, she will editing. Be going to negative corresponds to am not/aren’t/isn’t I am not going to play the guitar. They are not going to pay attention in class. She is not going to write, she is going to edit.

74. Future simple and “be going to” I am not going to drink coffee, I am going to drink tea. Sue will drinking tea, but she won’t drink coffee. You won’t work very hard. You are not going to watch TV very often. Myriam and Sylvana will not meet many people. ? Negative Affirmative

75. Future simple and “be going to” Future simple’s interrogative is formed by using will . E.g.: Will you playing chess? What will Bill try to do? “Be going to” interrogative is formed by using am/are/is . E.g.: Are you going to you play chess? What is Bill going to try to do?

76. Future simple and “be going to” Were you playing tennis? Were your parents speaking English? Was Gary working hard? Was your sister living in London? What was I dancing? ? Interrogative Short answer