SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 11
SocialSense: A System For Social Environment Awareness Robert S. Brewer, Samuel R. H. Joseph, Guanghong Yang, Neil Scott, Daniel Suthers University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Information and Computer Sciences Laboratory for Interactive Learning Technologies Ubiquitous Wireless Applications Group Devices that Alter Perception Workshop 9/20/2008
Introduction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SocialSense ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Wearable Implementation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Wearable App Demo
Wearable Results ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Phone Implementation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Phone screenshots
Future Work ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mahalo (Thank You) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Extra ,[object Object],[object Object]

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

Behavior in organizations final project
Behavior in organizations final projectBehavior in organizations final project
Behavior in organizations final projectAaron Bowman
 
techKNOW leadership for JefCoEd Tech Camp 7.11.13
techKNOW leadership for JefCoEd Tech Camp 7.11.13techKNOW leadership for JefCoEd Tech Camp 7.11.13
techKNOW leadership for JefCoEd Tech Camp 7.11.13mwilson518
 
Social Software in Libraries - for UIUC class
Social Software in Libraries - for UIUC classSocial Software in Libraries - for UIUC class
Social Software in Libraries - for UIUC classMeredith Farkas
 
Concept System for Making Relevant Connections
Concept System for Making Relevant ConnectionsConcept System for Making Relevant Connections
Concept System for Making Relevant ConnectionsAmber Krishan
 

La actualidad más candente (6)

Sxsw powerpoint
Sxsw powerpointSxsw powerpoint
Sxsw powerpoint
 
Behavior in organizations final project
Behavior in organizations final projectBehavior in organizations final project
Behavior in organizations final project
 
techKNOW leadership for JefCoEd Tech Camp 7.11.13
techKNOW leadership for JefCoEd Tech Camp 7.11.13techKNOW leadership for JefCoEd Tech Camp 7.11.13
techKNOW leadership for JefCoEd Tech Camp 7.11.13
 
Social Software in Libraries - for UIUC class
Social Software in Libraries - for UIUC classSocial Software in Libraries - for UIUC class
Social Software in Libraries - for UIUC class
 
Concept System for Making Relevant Connections
Concept System for Making Relevant ConnectionsConcept System for Making Relevant Connections
Concept System for Making Relevant Connections
 
IoT
IoTIoT
IoT
 

Destacado

From Smart Grids to Smart Consumers
From Smart Grids to Smart ConsumersFrom Smart Grids to Smart Consumers
From Smart Grids to Smart ConsumersRobert Brewer
 
ICS 690 talk: Personal Environmental Trainer
ICS 690 talk: Personal Environmental TrainerICS 690 talk: Personal Environmental Trainer
ICS 690 talk: Personal Environmental TrainerRobert Brewer
 
WattDepot: A software ecosystem for energy data collection, storage, analysis...
WattDepot: A software ecosystem for energy data collection, storage, analysis...WattDepot: A software ecosystem for energy data collection, storage, analysis...
WattDepot: A software ecosystem for energy data collection, storage, analysis...Robert Brewer
 
WattDepot 2.0 presentation
WattDepot 2.0 presentationWattDepot 2.0 presentation
WattDepot 2.0 presentationRobert Brewer
 
Smart Grid to Smart Consumers (ICS 690)
Smart Grid to Smart Consumers (ICS 690)Smart Grid to Smart Consumers (ICS 690)
Smart Grid to Smart Consumers (ICS 690)Robert Brewer
 
Population growth and Natural resources
Population growth and Natural resourcesPopulation growth and Natural resources
Population growth and Natural resourcesSagar Divetiya
 
Study: The Future of VR, AR and Self-Driving Cars
Study: The Future of VR, AR and Self-Driving CarsStudy: The Future of VR, AR and Self-Driving Cars
Study: The Future of VR, AR and Self-Driving CarsLinkedIn
 

Destacado (7)

From Smart Grids to Smart Consumers
From Smart Grids to Smart ConsumersFrom Smart Grids to Smart Consumers
From Smart Grids to Smart Consumers
 
ICS 690 talk: Personal Environmental Trainer
ICS 690 talk: Personal Environmental TrainerICS 690 talk: Personal Environmental Trainer
ICS 690 talk: Personal Environmental Trainer
 
WattDepot: A software ecosystem for energy data collection, storage, analysis...
WattDepot: A software ecosystem for energy data collection, storage, analysis...WattDepot: A software ecosystem for energy data collection, storage, analysis...
WattDepot: A software ecosystem for energy data collection, storage, analysis...
 
WattDepot 2.0 presentation
WattDepot 2.0 presentationWattDepot 2.0 presentation
WattDepot 2.0 presentation
 
Smart Grid to Smart Consumers (ICS 690)
Smart Grid to Smart Consumers (ICS 690)Smart Grid to Smart Consumers (ICS 690)
Smart Grid to Smart Consumers (ICS 690)
 
Population growth and Natural resources
Population growth and Natural resourcesPopulation growth and Natural resources
Population growth and Natural resources
 
Study: The Future of VR, AR and Self-Driving Cars
Study: The Future of VR, AR and Self-Driving CarsStudy: The Future of VR, AR and Self-Driving Cars
Study: The Future of VR, AR and Self-Driving Cars
 

Similar a SocialSense: A System For Social Environment Awareness

Social & mobile security
Social & mobile securitySocial & mobile security
Social & mobile securityErnest Staats
 
Risks of interactive communication in adolescents. Digital literacy diagnosi...
 Risks of interactive communication in adolescents. Digital literacy diagnosi... Risks of interactive communication in adolescents. Digital literacy diagnosi...
Risks of interactive communication in adolescents. Digital literacy diagnosi...Education in the Knowledge Society PhD
 
Delivering Innovative Mobile Services through Your Library - Part 1
Delivering Innovative Mobile Services through Your Library - Part 1Delivering Innovative Mobile Services through Your Library - Part 1
Delivering Innovative Mobile Services through Your Library - Part 1Meredith Farkas
 
Mobile learning presentation for the 4t Virtual Conference 2012
Mobile learning presentation for the 4t Virtual Conference 2012Mobile learning presentation for the 4t Virtual Conference 2012
Mobile learning presentation for the 4t Virtual Conference 2012Jackie Gerstein, Ed.D
 
Privacy issues in social networking
Privacy issues in social networkingPrivacy issues in social networking
Privacy issues in social networkingBryan Tran
 
Proactive Displays: Bridging the Gaps between Online Social Networks and Shar...
Proactive Displays: Bridging the Gaps between Online Social Networks and Shar...Proactive Displays: Bridging the Gaps between Online Social Networks and Shar...
Proactive Displays: Bridging the Gaps between Online Social Networks and Shar...Joe McCarthy
 
UX Study on Collective Spatial Intelligence Based Urban App Services
UX Study on Collective Spatial Intelligence Based Urban App ServicesUX Study on Collective Spatial Intelligence Based Urban App Services
UX Study on Collective Spatial Intelligence Based Urban App ServicesJunie Kwon
 
How your data can be used against you #DataScienceWeek presentation by Leigh-...
How your data can be used against you #DataScienceWeek presentation by Leigh-...How your data can be used against you #DataScienceWeek presentation by Leigh-...
How your data can be used against you #DataScienceWeek presentation by Leigh-...Leigh-Chantelle
 
Mobile ISD Metcalf IEL2010
Mobile ISD Metcalf IEL2010Mobile ISD Metcalf IEL2010
Mobile ISD Metcalf IEL2010David Metcalf
 
Effects of Social Networking in Academic Literacy
Effects of Social Networking in Academic LiteracyEffects of Social Networking in Academic Literacy
Effects of Social Networking in Academic LiteracySteve Chilton
 
Learning Team C - Engaging Technologies
Learning Team C - Engaging TechnologiesLearning Team C - Engaging Technologies
Learning Team C - Engaging Technologiesjennifernbowman1984
 
Putting Locative Technology in its Sense of Place
Putting Locative Technology in its Sense of PlacePutting Locative Technology in its Sense of Place
Putting Locative Technology in its Sense of PlaceGlen Farrelly
 
Proactive Displays, UW DUB group, 16 July 2008
Proactive Displays, UW DUB group, 16 July 2008Proactive Displays, UW DUB group, 16 July 2008
Proactive Displays, UW DUB group, 16 July 2008Joe McCarthy
 
Effect of using smart phones
Effect of using smart phonesEffect of using smart phones
Effect of using smart phonespethi1
 
Mayor of Your Domain: Finding Our Way With Geosocial Media
Mayor of Your Domain: Finding Our Way With Geosocial MediaMayor of Your Domain: Finding Our Way With Geosocial Media
Mayor of Your Domain: Finding Our Way With Geosocial MediaTim Nekritz
 
There should be clear guidelines related to the protection of privat.pdf
There should be clear guidelines related to the protection of privat.pdfThere should be clear guidelines related to the protection of privat.pdf
There should be clear guidelines related to the protection of privat.pdfmumnesh
 
TaLE-Week-7
TaLE-Week-7TaLE-Week-7
TaLE-Week-7creatiga
 
smartphones by Julia (23554703)
smartphones by Julia (23554703)smartphones by Julia (23554703)
smartphones by Julia (23554703)mjseu1
 
Meet you – social networking on android
Meet you – social networking on androidMeet you – social networking on android
Meet you – social networking on androidJPINFOTECH JAYAPRAKASH
 

Similar a SocialSense: A System For Social Environment Awareness (20)

Social & mobile security
Social & mobile securitySocial & mobile security
Social & mobile security
 
Risks of interactive communication in adolescents. Digital literacy diagnosi...
 Risks of interactive communication in adolescents. Digital literacy diagnosi... Risks of interactive communication in adolescents. Digital literacy diagnosi...
Risks of interactive communication in adolescents. Digital literacy diagnosi...
 
Delivering Innovative Mobile Services through Your Library - Part 1
Delivering Innovative Mobile Services through Your Library - Part 1Delivering Innovative Mobile Services through Your Library - Part 1
Delivering Innovative Mobile Services through Your Library - Part 1
 
Mobile learning presentation for the 4t Virtual Conference 2012
Mobile learning presentation for the 4t Virtual Conference 2012Mobile learning presentation for the 4t Virtual Conference 2012
Mobile learning presentation for the 4t Virtual Conference 2012
 
Privacy issues in social networking
Privacy issues in social networkingPrivacy issues in social networking
Privacy issues in social networking
 
Proactive Displays: Bridging the Gaps between Online Social Networks and Shar...
Proactive Displays: Bridging the Gaps between Online Social Networks and Shar...Proactive Displays: Bridging the Gaps between Online Social Networks and Shar...
Proactive Displays: Bridging the Gaps between Online Social Networks and Shar...
 
UX Study on Collective Spatial Intelligence Based Urban App Services
UX Study on Collective Spatial Intelligence Based Urban App ServicesUX Study on Collective Spatial Intelligence Based Urban App Services
UX Study on Collective Spatial Intelligence Based Urban App Services
 
How your data can be used against you #DataScienceWeek presentation by Leigh-...
How your data can be used against you #DataScienceWeek presentation by Leigh-...How your data can be used against you #DataScienceWeek presentation by Leigh-...
How your data can be used against you #DataScienceWeek presentation by Leigh-...
 
Mobile ISD Metcalf IEL2010
Mobile ISD Metcalf IEL2010Mobile ISD Metcalf IEL2010
Mobile ISD Metcalf IEL2010
 
Effects of Social Networking in Academic Literacy
Effects of Social Networking in Academic LiteracyEffects of Social Networking in Academic Literacy
Effects of Social Networking in Academic Literacy
 
Learning Team C - Engaging Technologies
Learning Team C - Engaging TechnologiesLearning Team C - Engaging Technologies
Learning Team C - Engaging Technologies
 
Putting Locative Technology in its Sense of Place
Putting Locative Technology in its Sense of PlacePutting Locative Technology in its Sense of Place
Putting Locative Technology in its Sense of Place
 
Proactive Displays, UW DUB group, 16 July 2008
Proactive Displays, UW DUB group, 16 July 2008Proactive Displays, UW DUB group, 16 July 2008
Proactive Displays, UW DUB group, 16 July 2008
 
Facebook
FacebookFacebook
Facebook
 
Effect of using smart phones
Effect of using smart phonesEffect of using smart phones
Effect of using smart phones
 
Mayor of Your Domain: Finding Our Way With Geosocial Media
Mayor of Your Domain: Finding Our Way With Geosocial MediaMayor of Your Domain: Finding Our Way With Geosocial Media
Mayor of Your Domain: Finding Our Way With Geosocial Media
 
There should be clear guidelines related to the protection of privat.pdf
There should be clear guidelines related to the protection of privat.pdfThere should be clear guidelines related to the protection of privat.pdf
There should be clear guidelines related to the protection of privat.pdf
 
TaLE-Week-7
TaLE-Week-7TaLE-Week-7
TaLE-Week-7
 
smartphones by Julia (23554703)
smartphones by Julia (23554703)smartphones by Julia (23554703)
smartphones by Julia (23554703)
 
Meet you – social networking on android
Meet you – social networking on androidMeet you – social networking on android
Meet you – social networking on android
 

Último

How to convert PDF to text with Nanonets
How to convert PDF to text with NanonetsHow to convert PDF to text with Nanonets
How to convert PDF to text with Nanonetsnaman860154
 
Strategies for Unlocking Knowledge Management in Microsoft 365 in the Copilot...
Strategies for Unlocking Knowledge Management in Microsoft 365 in the Copilot...Strategies for Unlocking Knowledge Management in Microsoft 365 in the Copilot...
Strategies for Unlocking Knowledge Management in Microsoft 365 in the Copilot...Drew Madelung
 
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt RobisonData Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt RobisonAnna Loughnan Colquhoun
 
Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024
Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024
Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024The Digital Insurer
 
Driving Behavioral Change for Information Management through Data-Driven Gree...
Driving Behavioral Change for Information Management through Data-Driven Gree...Driving Behavioral Change for Information Management through Data-Driven Gree...
Driving Behavioral Change for Information Management through Data-Driven Gree...Enterprise Knowledge
 
Unblocking The Main Thread Solving ANRs and Frozen Frames
Unblocking The Main Thread Solving ANRs and Frozen FramesUnblocking The Main Thread Solving ANRs and Frozen Frames
Unblocking The Main Thread Solving ANRs and Frozen FramesSinan KOZAK
 
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptxThe Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptxMalak Abu Hammad
 
Developing An App To Navigate The Roads of Brazil
Developing An App To Navigate The Roads of BrazilDeveloping An App To Navigate The Roads of Brazil
Developing An App To Navigate The Roads of BrazilV3cube
 
2024: Domino Containers - The Next Step. News from the Domino Container commu...
2024: Domino Containers - The Next Step. News from the Domino Container commu...2024: Domino Containers - The Next Step. News from the Domino Container commu...
2024: Domino Containers - The Next Step. News from the Domino Container commu...Martijn de Jong
 
Scaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organization
Scaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organizationScaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organization
Scaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organizationRadu Cotescu
 
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking MenDelhi Call girls
 
[2024]Digital Global Overview Report 2024 Meltwater.pdf
[2024]Digital Global Overview Report 2024 Meltwater.pdf[2024]Digital Global Overview Report 2024 Meltwater.pdf
[2024]Digital Global Overview Report 2024 Meltwater.pdfhans926745
 
Workshop - Best of Both Worlds_ Combine KG and Vector search for enhanced R...
Workshop - Best of Both Worlds_ Combine  KG and Vector search for  enhanced R...Workshop - Best of Both Worlds_ Combine  KG and Vector search for  enhanced R...
Workshop - Best of Both Worlds_ Combine KG and Vector search for enhanced R...Neo4j
 
A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)
A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)
A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)Gabriella Davis
 
Automating Google Workspace (GWS) & more with Apps Script
Automating Google Workspace (GWS) & more with Apps ScriptAutomating Google Workspace (GWS) & more with Apps Script
Automating Google Workspace (GWS) & more with Apps Scriptwesley chun
 
WhatsApp 9892124323 ✓Call Girls In Kalyan ( Mumbai ) secure service
WhatsApp 9892124323 ✓Call Girls In Kalyan ( Mumbai ) secure serviceWhatsApp 9892124323 ✓Call Girls In Kalyan ( Mumbai ) secure service
WhatsApp 9892124323 ✓Call Girls In Kalyan ( Mumbai ) secure servicePooja Nehwal
 
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law Developments
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law DevelopmentsTrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law Developments
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law DevelopmentsTrustArc
 
GenCyber Cyber Security Day Presentation
GenCyber Cyber Security Day PresentationGenCyber Cyber Security Day Presentation
GenCyber Cyber Security Day PresentationMichael W. Hawkins
 
Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024The Digital Insurer
 
Factors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptx
Factors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptxFactors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptx
Factors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptxKatpro Technologies
 

Último (20)

How to convert PDF to text with Nanonets
How to convert PDF to text with NanonetsHow to convert PDF to text with Nanonets
How to convert PDF to text with Nanonets
 
Strategies for Unlocking Knowledge Management in Microsoft 365 in the Copilot...
Strategies for Unlocking Knowledge Management in Microsoft 365 in the Copilot...Strategies for Unlocking Knowledge Management in Microsoft 365 in the Copilot...
Strategies for Unlocking Knowledge Management in Microsoft 365 in the Copilot...
 
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt RobisonData Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
 
Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024
Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024
Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024
 
Driving Behavioral Change for Information Management through Data-Driven Gree...
Driving Behavioral Change for Information Management through Data-Driven Gree...Driving Behavioral Change for Information Management through Data-Driven Gree...
Driving Behavioral Change for Information Management through Data-Driven Gree...
 
Unblocking The Main Thread Solving ANRs and Frozen Frames
Unblocking The Main Thread Solving ANRs and Frozen FramesUnblocking The Main Thread Solving ANRs and Frozen Frames
Unblocking The Main Thread Solving ANRs and Frozen Frames
 
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptxThe Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
 
Developing An App To Navigate The Roads of Brazil
Developing An App To Navigate The Roads of BrazilDeveloping An App To Navigate The Roads of Brazil
Developing An App To Navigate The Roads of Brazil
 
2024: Domino Containers - The Next Step. News from the Domino Container commu...
2024: Domino Containers - The Next Step. News from the Domino Container commu...2024: Domino Containers - The Next Step. News from the Domino Container commu...
2024: Domino Containers - The Next Step. News from the Domino Container commu...
 
Scaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organization
Scaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organizationScaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organization
Scaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organization
 
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
 
[2024]Digital Global Overview Report 2024 Meltwater.pdf
[2024]Digital Global Overview Report 2024 Meltwater.pdf[2024]Digital Global Overview Report 2024 Meltwater.pdf
[2024]Digital Global Overview Report 2024 Meltwater.pdf
 
Workshop - Best of Both Worlds_ Combine KG and Vector search for enhanced R...
Workshop - Best of Both Worlds_ Combine  KG and Vector search for  enhanced R...Workshop - Best of Both Worlds_ Combine  KG and Vector search for  enhanced R...
Workshop - Best of Both Worlds_ Combine KG and Vector search for enhanced R...
 
A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)
A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)
A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)
 
Automating Google Workspace (GWS) & more with Apps Script
Automating Google Workspace (GWS) & more with Apps ScriptAutomating Google Workspace (GWS) & more with Apps Script
Automating Google Workspace (GWS) & more with Apps Script
 
WhatsApp 9892124323 ✓Call Girls In Kalyan ( Mumbai ) secure service
WhatsApp 9892124323 ✓Call Girls In Kalyan ( Mumbai ) secure serviceWhatsApp 9892124323 ✓Call Girls In Kalyan ( Mumbai ) secure service
WhatsApp 9892124323 ✓Call Girls In Kalyan ( Mumbai ) secure service
 
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law Developments
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law DevelopmentsTrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law Developments
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law Developments
 
GenCyber Cyber Security Day Presentation
GenCyber Cyber Security Day PresentationGenCyber Cyber Security Day Presentation
GenCyber Cyber Security Day Presentation
 
Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
 
Factors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptx
Factors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptxFactors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptx
Factors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptx
 

SocialSense: A System For Social Environment Awareness

  • 1. SocialSense: A System For Social Environment Awareness Robert S. Brewer, Samuel R. H. Joseph, Guanghong Yang, Neil Scott, Daniel Suthers University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Information and Computer Sciences Laboratory for Interactive Learning Technologies Ubiquitous Wireless Applications Group Devices that Alter Perception Workshop 9/20/2008
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.