SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 33
Download to read offline
The Attributes
                    of God
                     Attribute:
                     a quality or feature regarded as a
                     characteristic or inherent part of
                     someone or something



Thursday 13 January 2011
The Holiness
                    of God



Thursday 13 January 2011
Since the sin of Adam we
    have found it difficult to tune
    into the “God Channel” - like a
    poorly focussed picture our
    perception is simply not
    clear. Part of this continues
    even when we get born again
    due to the fact God is so
    different to mankind.
    God’s holiness is one thing
    that highlights how different
    we are to God.

Thursday 13 January 2011
“God’s holiness is his intrinsic and
    transcendent purity, the standard of
    righteousness to which the whole
    universe must conform”
                                        Tony Evans
    God is the standard for creation - all else must
    conform to him, not vice versa - bad is bad in
    the light of God’s holy standard. We shall look
    at 5 aspects of God’s holiness.


Thursday 13 January 2011
1. God’s Central Attribute
    Holiness is the
    centrepiece of God’s
    attributes. Of all he
    is, God at the centre
    of his being is holy.
    Exodus 15 will form
    the basis for this
    section.

Thursday 13 January 2011
1.a. Majestic in Holiness
       Moses uses poetic language to describe the
       deliverance of the people - and then sums it
       all up in verse 11 - there he says if you want
       to understand God’s actions you have to
       understand them in concert with his
       holiness.
       Ex 15:8-11 By the blast of your nostrils the
       waters piled up. The surging waters stood up
       like a wall; the deep waters congealed in the
       heart of the sea. 9 The enemy boasted, ‘I will
       pursue, I will overtake them.


Thursday 13 January 2011
I will divide the spoils; I will
  gorge myself on them. I will
  draw my sword and my
  hand will destroy them.’
  10 But you blew with your
  breath, and the sea covered
  them. They sank like lead in
  the mighty waters.
  11 Who among the gods is
  like you, LORD? Who is
  like you— majestic in
  holiness, awesome in
  glory, working wonders

Thursday 13 January 2011
1.b. The key to God’s nature
God’s holiness unlocks the
door to understanding and
making sense out of
everything else about him.
This attribute infiltrates every
other attribute - his love is
holy love, his omniscience is
holy omniscience, his
omnipresence is holy
omnipresence - every aspect
of his nature is infiltrated by
holiness

Thursday 13 January 2011
Often God is called “the Holy One”
        Luke 1:49 -the Mighty One has done great
        things for me—holy is his name.
        Isa 6:3 - “Holy, holy, holy is the LORD
        Almighty; the whole earth is full of his
        glory.”
        (not love, truth, power etc. x3)




Thursday 13 January 2011
Thursday 13 January 2011
Ps 89:35 - Once for all, I have
sworn by my holiness
Why swear by his holiness -
because it is the fullest
expression of God’s character
Rom 7:12
Lev 19:2 - 2 “Speak to the entire
assembly of Israel and say to
them: ‘Be holy because I, the
LORD your God, am holy.
Holiness is the defining part of
how God is - the centrepiece of
who he is.

Thursday 13 January 2011
2. God’s Holiness Separates Him
from Creation
Isa 57:15 -For this is what
the high and exalted One
says— he who lives forever,
whose name is holy:
“I live in a high and holy
place, but also with the one
who is contrite and lowly in
spirit, to revive the spirit of
the lowly and to revive the
heart of the contrite.


Thursday 13 January 2011
Holy - Hebrew word
     means separate - we get
     saint and sanctified - all
     mean to be distinct or
     separate.
     God is high and exalted,
     distinct from all creation




Thursday 13 January 2011
2.a. Perfect in Holiness
Hence Exodus 3:5 - remove
your shoes,
1 John 1:5 -God is light; in
him there is no darkness at all.
James 1:13-14 - When
tempted, no one should say,
“God is tempting me.” For God
cannot be tempted by evil, nor
does he tempt anyone;
There is no sin or darkness in     Deveronvale Perfection: world
                                      record price for a sheep
God
                                            £231,000


Thursday 13 January 2011
2.b. No Degrees of Sin
We grade sin in people -
really bad, not too bad, ok,
not perfect but pretty
good...
God has no degrees of sin
but different sins have
differing consequences:
Murder and telling a lie
are both sin but have very
differing results


Thursday 13 January 2011
God does is perfect and
does not grade sin.
From God’s holy
perspective all have
sinned, there is none that
is righteous - Rom 3:10, 23
All evil and wickedness
are the same before God
We might look and think
that the sin is different but
it is all sin before a holy
God.


Thursday 13 January 2011
2.c. Encountering a Holy God
When people encounter God
they see his holiness.
Hab 3:16- I heard and my heart
pounded, my lips quivered at
the sound; decay crept into my
bones, and my legs trembled.
Isaiah sees God and says (6:5)
“woe is me!”
God’s holiness requires us to be
humble - to hallow his name.
Do you act with more respect
to people than you do to God?

Thursday 13 January 2011
3. God’s Holiness and Sin
God’s holiness demands that he judges sin: Rev
16:1-5 Then I heard a loud voice from the temple
saying to the seven angels, “Go, pour out the seven
bowls of God’s wrath on the earth.” The first angel went
and poured out his bowl on the land, and ugly, festering
sores broke out on the people who had the mark of the
beast and worshiped its image. The second angel
poured out his bowl on the sea, and it turned into blood
like that of a dead person, and every living thing in the
sea died. The third angel poured out his bowl on the
rivers and springs of water, and they became blood. 5
Then I heard the angel in charge of the waters say:
“You are just in these judgments, O Holy One, you who
are and who were;
Thursday 13 January 2011
3.b. Natural and Necessary
     God’s holiness means he
     cannot ignore sin - sin is
     taken seriously and will be
     judged. Holiness and health
     go together as do
     unholiness and decay:
     1 Cor 11:30 - That is why
     many among you are weak
     and sick, and a number of
     you have fallen asleep.
     James 5:13-16


Thursday 13 January 2011
3.b. Comprehensive
God will judge both men and
angels, including the devil -
Matt 25:41
Note that satan does not rule
hell (though it was made by God
for satan, not for humans), he is
cast there by God.
God’s holiness is awesome;
Heb 12:29 -for our “God is a
consuming fire.”
Look at the effects of one sin -
Adam & Eve, Cain, Moses,
Elijah’s servant, Ananias &
Sapphira...
Thursday 13 January 2011
3.c. God Loves the Sinner
   In spite of hating sin, God
   does not wipe us all out - he
   still passionately loves the
   sinner. He wants to destroy
   sin whilst keeping the
   sinner - like killing cancer
   but keeping the patient.
   However look at Exodus
   19:18-21 and see the effect
   of God’s holiness


Thursday 13 January 2011
Mount Sinai was covered with
 smoke, because the LORD
 descended on it in fire. The
 smoke billowed up from it like
 smoke from a furnace, and the
 whole mountain trembled
 violently...The LORD descended
 to the top of Mount Sinai and
 called Moses to the top of the
 mountain. So Moses went up
 and the LORD said to him, “Go
 down and warn the people so
 they do not force their way
 through to see the LORD and
 many of them perish.
Thursday 13 January 2011
4. God’s Holiness and His Terms
       Holiness means we approach God as he says -
       this is what Hebrews is all about. Old and
       New Covenants are contrasted, we see only
       shedding of blood makes restitution possible.
       Heb 9:22 -the law requires that nearly
       everything be cleansed with blood, and
       without the shedding of blood there is no
       forgiveness.
       When Adam & Eve sinned God killed an
       animal to make covering for them -
       physically and redemptively.

Thursday 13 January 2011
Exodus 20:4-5 - “You
  shall not make for
  yourself an image in
  the form of anything in
  heaven above or on the
  earth beneath or in the
  waters below. You shall
  not bow down to them
  or worship them; for I,
  the LORD your God, am
  a jealous God,”


Thursday 13 January 2011
Thursday 13 January 2011
Thursday 13 January 2011
Thursday 13 January 2011
Thursday 13 January 2011
4.a. Israel’s and Our Tabernacle
  Entry was restricted to
  the OT tabernacle - three
  curtains, entry was by
  the shedding of blood -
  you did not just enter,
  God’s holiness meant you
  had to be allowed to go in.
  For us Jesus has made
  the entry possible - Heb
  9:24-28 - Because of
  Jesus we are allowed
  entry into God’s holy
  presence - Eph 2:18
Thursday 13 January 2011
5. God’s Holiness and our Lifestyle
   God has expectations of
   us:
   1 Peter 1:14-16
   As obedient children, do
   not conform to the evil
   desires you had when
   you lived in ignorance.
   But just as he who called
   you is holy, so be holy in
   all you do; for it is
   written: “Be holy,
   because I am holy.”
Thursday 13 January 2011
5.a. Pleasing our God
2 Tim 2:19 -19 - “Everyone
who confesses the name of the
Lord must turn away from
wickedness.”
Heb 12:10 -God disciplines us
for our good, in order that we
may share in his holiness.
Remember if (when) you fail -
1John 1:8-9
If you feel more sinful each
year it might be you are now
seeing more of God and his
holiness.

Thursday 13 January 2011
5.b. Pursuing Holiness and Getting
Clean
Make sure you are building
well on the foundation of
Jesus Christ - live a life in
keeping with the royal
position you have been
called into - live in
repentance as the Holy
Spirit reveals things to you.
Acknowledge God’s holiness
like Isaiah and pray as
David did, “create in me a
clean heart”
Thursday 13 January 2011
Responding to the Holiness of God
1. Are you living God’s
holiness each day - listen to
the conversations you are
involved in, consider what
your eyes look at, and what
you think about.
2. Let God deal with the
people around you - you
don’t know what he is doing
in their lives.
3. Pray that 1 Peter 1:15-16
will be a daily reality in
your life.
Thursday 13 January 2011

More Related Content

What's hot

Journey Through the Bible: The Book of Job
Journey Through the Bible: The Book of JobJourney Through the Bible: The Book of Job
Journey Through the Bible: The Book of JobResurrection Church
 
Journey Through The Bible: The Prophets of the Bible
Journey Through The Bible: The Prophets of the BibleJourney Through The Bible: The Prophets of the Bible
Journey Through The Bible: The Prophets of the BibleResurrection Church
 
STAND 4 - STAND IN FAITH - BRO. JOSEPH FERMIN - 630PM EVENING SERVICE
STAND 4 - STAND IN FAITH - BRO. JOSEPH FERMIN - 630PM EVENING SERVICESTAND 4 - STAND IN FAITH - BRO. JOSEPH FERMIN - 630PM EVENING SERVICE
STAND 4 - STAND IN FAITH - BRO. JOSEPH FERMIN - 630PM EVENING SERVICEFaithworks Christian Church
 
07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation
07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation
07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' RevelationFirst Baptist Church Jackson
 
Daniel Chapter 3 - K. Sno
Daniel Chapter 3 - K. SnoDaniel Chapter 3 - K. Sno
Daniel Chapter 3 - K. Snooldkaptnk2
 
06 June 15, 2014 Ezekiel Chapter One, When Your World Crumbles
06 June 15, 2014 Ezekiel Chapter One, When Your World Crumbles06 June 15, 2014 Ezekiel Chapter One, When Your World Crumbles
06 June 15, 2014 Ezekiel Chapter One, When Your World CrumblesFirst Baptist Church Jackson
 
Journey Through The Bible Daniel: Prophet to the Nations
Journey Through The Bible Daniel: Prophet to the NationsJourney Through The Bible Daniel: Prophet to the Nations
Journey Through The Bible Daniel: Prophet to the NationsResurrection Church
 
4 the fall of man, original sin
4 the fall of man, original sin4 the fall of man, original sin
4 the fall of man, original sinEmanuelEstrada
 
John 8;29-59, Peccability or Impeccability; Truly, truly; This Is Satan's Wor...
John 8;29-59, Peccability or Impeccability; Truly, truly; This Is Satan's Wor...John 8;29-59, Peccability or Impeccability; Truly, truly; This Is Satan's Wor...
John 8;29-59, Peccability or Impeccability; Truly, truly; This Is Satan's Wor...Valley Bible Fellowship
 
Wk5 Revelation Commentary 1
Wk5 Revelation Commentary 1Wk5 Revelation Commentary 1
Wk5 Revelation Commentary 1Matt Maples
 
06 creation and fall
06 creation and fall06 creation and fall
06 creation and fallchucho1943
 
Session 22 Old Testament Overview - Ezekiel
Session 22 Old Testament Overview - EzekielSession 22 Old Testament Overview - Ezekiel
Session 22 Old Testament Overview - EzekielJohn Brooks
 
The God That Never Was
The God That Never WasThe God That Never Was
The God That Never Waszakir2012
 

What's hot (20)

Journey Through the Bible: The Book of Job
Journey Through the Bible: The Book of JobJourney Through the Bible: The Book of Job
Journey Through the Bible: The Book of Job
 
Journey Through The Bible: The Prophets of the Bible
Journey Through The Bible: The Prophets of the BibleJourney Through The Bible: The Prophets of the Bible
Journey Through The Bible: The Prophets of the Bible
 
STAND 4 - STAND IN FAITH - BRO. JOSEPH FERMIN - 630PM EVENING SERVICE
STAND 4 - STAND IN FAITH - BRO. JOSEPH FERMIN - 630PM EVENING SERVICESTAND 4 - STAND IN FAITH - BRO. JOSEPH FERMIN - 630PM EVENING SERVICE
STAND 4 - STAND IN FAITH - BRO. JOSEPH FERMIN - 630PM EVENING SERVICE
 
Moses the chosen deliverer of israel
Moses the chosen deliverer of israelMoses the chosen deliverer of israel
Moses the chosen deliverer of israel
 
War in the heavenlies
War in the heavenliesWar in the heavenlies
War in the heavenlies
 
07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation
07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation
07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation
 
Daniel Chapter 3 - K. Sno
Daniel Chapter 3 - K. SnoDaniel Chapter 3 - K. Sno
Daniel Chapter 3 - K. Sno
 
Fall Of Man
Fall Of ManFall Of Man
Fall Of Man
 
Creation of angels
Creation of angelsCreation of angels
Creation of angels
 
The Reality of Hell
The Reality of HellThe Reality of Hell
The Reality of Hell
 
06 June 15, 2014 Ezekiel Chapter One, When Your World Crumbles
06 June 15, 2014 Ezekiel Chapter One, When Your World Crumbles06 June 15, 2014 Ezekiel Chapter One, When Your World Crumbles
06 June 15, 2014 Ezekiel Chapter One, When Your World Crumbles
 
Journey Through The Bible Daniel: Prophet to the Nations
Journey Through The Bible Daniel: Prophet to the NationsJourney Through The Bible Daniel: Prophet to the Nations
Journey Through The Bible Daniel: Prophet to the Nations
 
Bhakta's preparation on "Book of Job"
Bhakta's preparation on "Book of Job" Bhakta's preparation on "Book of Job"
Bhakta's preparation on "Book of Job"
 
4 the fall of man, original sin
4 the fall of man, original sin4 the fall of man, original sin
4 the fall of man, original sin
 
John 8;29-59, Peccability or Impeccability; Truly, truly; This Is Satan's Wor...
John 8;29-59, Peccability or Impeccability; Truly, truly; This Is Satan's Wor...John 8;29-59, Peccability or Impeccability; Truly, truly; This Is Satan's Wor...
John 8;29-59, Peccability or Impeccability; Truly, truly; This Is Satan's Wor...
 
Wk5 Revelation Commentary 1
Wk5 Revelation Commentary 1Wk5 Revelation Commentary 1
Wk5 Revelation Commentary 1
 
The heavens and their hosts.
The heavens and their hosts.The heavens and their hosts.
The heavens and their hosts.
 
06 creation and fall
06 creation and fall06 creation and fall
06 creation and fall
 
Session 22 Old Testament Overview - Ezekiel
Session 22 Old Testament Overview - EzekielSession 22 Old Testament Overview - Ezekiel
Session 22 Old Testament Overview - Ezekiel
 
The God That Never Was
The God That Never WasThe God That Never Was
The God That Never Was
 

Similar to Evans, Our God is Awesome -God's Holiness

LORD'S BAPTISM C
LORD'S BAPTISM CLORD'S BAPTISM C
LORD'S BAPTISM CPadir Neylu
 
Evans, Our God is Awesome: God's Wrath
Evans, Our God is Awesome: God's WrathEvans, Our God is Awesome: God's Wrath
Evans, Our God is Awesome: God's WrathRichard Chamberlain
 
02e 0 god_is_merciful
02e 0 god_is_merciful02e 0 god_is_merciful
02e 0 god_is_mercifulgraemestudy
 
Talking Ourselves Into Sin
Talking Ourselves Into SinTalking Ourselves Into Sin
Talking Ourselves Into SinDon McClain
 
Tent of Meeting: The Effect of Spirit & Word
Tent of Meeting: The Effect of Spirit & WordTent of Meeting: The Effect of Spirit & Word
Tent of Meeting: The Effect of Spirit & WordRichard Chamberlain
 
God the father
God the fatherGod the father
God the fathergccmedia
 
Final Countdown. The Morning Star!
Final Countdown. The Morning Star!Final Countdown. The Morning Star!
Final Countdown. The Morning Star!Kenneth Andre
 
God the Holy Spirit
God the Holy SpiritGod the Holy Spirit
God the Holy SpiritFred Gosnell
 
28th Sunday in Ordinary Time - C
28th Sunday in Ordinary Time - C28th Sunday in Ordinary Time - C
28th Sunday in Ordinary Time - Cheartnoi2k
 
Baptism of the Lord B
Baptism of the Lord BBaptism of the Lord B
Baptism of the Lord BPadir Neylu
 
07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation
07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation
07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' RevelationFirst Baptist Church Jackson
 
Evans, Our God is Awesome: God omniscience
Evans, Our God is Awesome: God omniscienceEvans, Our God is Awesome: God omniscience
Evans, Our God is Awesome: God omniscienceRichard Chamberlain
 
With eternity's values in view 3
With eternity's values in view 3With eternity's values in view 3
With eternity's values in view 3Sam Ward
 
Liturgical Bible Study - Baptism of the Lord Cycle B
Liturgical Bible Study - Baptism of the Lord Cycle BLiturgical Bible Study - Baptism of the Lord Cycle B
Liturgical Bible Study - Baptism of the Lord Cycle BJeffrey Meneses
 
I AM AFFLICTED - SIS. DONNA TARUN - 6:30PM EVENING SERVICE
I AM AFFLICTED - SIS. DONNA TARUN - 6:30PM EVENING SERVICEI AM AFFLICTED - SIS. DONNA TARUN - 6:30PM EVENING SERVICE
I AM AFFLICTED - SIS. DONNA TARUN - 6:30PM EVENING SERVICEFaithworks Christian Church
 

Similar to Evans, Our God is Awesome -God's Holiness (20)

2. god attributes holiness
2. god attributes holiness2. god attributes holiness
2. god attributes holiness
 
LORD'S BAPTISM C
LORD'S BAPTISM CLORD'S BAPTISM C
LORD'S BAPTISM C
 
Jesus Friend Of Sinners
Jesus Friend Of SinnersJesus Friend Of Sinners
Jesus Friend Of Sinners
 
Evans, Our God is Awesome: God's Wrath
Evans, Our God is Awesome: God's WrathEvans, Our God is Awesome: God's Wrath
Evans, Our God is Awesome: God's Wrath
 
02e 0 god_is_merciful
02e 0 god_is_merciful02e 0 god_is_merciful
02e 0 god_is_merciful
 
Talking Ourselves Into Sin
Talking Ourselves Into SinTalking Ourselves Into Sin
Talking Ourselves Into Sin
 
Romans 11 1 to 4 manusacript notes 01 05 14
Romans 11 1 to 4 manusacript  notes 01 05 14Romans 11 1 to 4 manusacript  notes 01 05 14
Romans 11 1 to 4 manusacript notes 01 05 14
 
1st john the privileges of the children of god
1st john   the privileges of the children of god1st john   the privileges of the children of god
1st john the privileges of the children of god
 
Tent of Meeting: The Effect of Spirit & Word
Tent of Meeting: The Effect of Spirit & WordTent of Meeting: The Effect of Spirit & Word
Tent of Meeting: The Effect of Spirit & Word
 
God the father
God the fatherGod the father
God the father
 
Final Countdown. The Morning Star!
Final Countdown. The Morning Star!Final Countdown. The Morning Star!
Final Countdown. The Morning Star!
 
God the Holy Spirit
God the Holy SpiritGod the Holy Spirit
God the Holy Spirit
 
What Hinders Fellowship?
What Hinders Fellowship?What Hinders Fellowship?
What Hinders Fellowship?
 
28th Sunday in Ordinary Time - C
28th Sunday in Ordinary Time - C28th Sunday in Ordinary Time - C
28th Sunday in Ordinary Time - C
 
Baptism of the Lord B
Baptism of the Lord BBaptism of the Lord B
Baptism of the Lord B
 
07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation
07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation
07 July 19, 2015, Revelation 1;1-20, Jesus' Revelation
 
Evans, Our God is Awesome: God omniscience
Evans, Our God is Awesome: God omniscienceEvans, Our God is Awesome: God omniscience
Evans, Our God is Awesome: God omniscience
 
With eternity's values in view 3
With eternity's values in view 3With eternity's values in view 3
With eternity's values in view 3
 
Liturgical Bible Study - Baptism of the Lord Cycle B
Liturgical Bible Study - Baptism of the Lord Cycle BLiturgical Bible Study - Baptism of the Lord Cycle B
Liturgical Bible Study - Baptism of the Lord Cycle B
 
I AM AFFLICTED - SIS. DONNA TARUN - 6:30PM EVENING SERVICE
I AM AFFLICTED - SIS. DONNA TARUN - 6:30PM EVENING SERVICEI AM AFFLICTED - SIS. DONNA TARUN - 6:30PM EVENING SERVICE
I AM AFFLICTED - SIS. DONNA TARUN - 6:30PM EVENING SERVICE
 

More from Richard Chamberlain

Why you need to invest in disciple-making relationships
Why you need to invest in disciple-making relationshipsWhy you need to invest in disciple-making relationships
Why you need to invest in disciple-making relationshipsRichard Chamberlain
 
Growing as a Follower of King Jesus
Growing as a Follower of King JesusGrowing as a Follower of King Jesus
Growing as a Follower of King JesusRichard Chamberlain
 
Disciple-making and how Jesus saw the disciples change
Disciple-making and how Jesus saw the disciples changeDisciple-making and how Jesus saw the disciples change
Disciple-making and how Jesus saw the disciples changeRichard Chamberlain
 
Disciple-Making: Internalisation and Multiplication
Disciple-Making: Internalisation and MultiplicationDisciple-Making: Internalisation and Multiplication
Disciple-Making: Internalisation and MultiplicationRichard Chamberlain
 
Disciple-making: a deliberate relationship
Disciple-making: a deliberate relationshipDisciple-making: a deliberate relationship
Disciple-making: a deliberate relationshipRichard Chamberlain
 
God's way of changing the world: Disciple-Making
God's way of changing the world: Disciple-MakingGod's way of changing the world: Disciple-Making
God's way of changing the world: Disciple-MakingRichard Chamberlain
 
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.1
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.1A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.1
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.1Richard Chamberlain
 
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.3
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.3A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.3
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.3Richard Chamberlain
 
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.2
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.2A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.2
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.2Richard Chamberlain
 
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 3
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 3A simplified Old Testament Story part2 3
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 3Richard Chamberlain
 
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 2
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 2A simplified Old Testament Story part2 2
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 2Richard Chamberlain
 
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 1
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 1A simplified Old Testament Story part2 1
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 1Richard Chamberlain
 
An Introduction to Disciple making / Discipleship
An Introduction to Disciple making / DiscipleshipAn Introduction to Disciple making / Discipleship
An Introduction to Disciple making / DiscipleshipRichard Chamberlain
 
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.3
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.3The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.3
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.3Richard Chamberlain
 
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.2
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.2The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.2
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.2Richard Chamberlain
 
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.1
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.1The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.1
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.1Richard Chamberlain
 

More from Richard Chamberlain (20)

Why you need to invest in disciple-making relationships
Why you need to invest in disciple-making relationshipsWhy you need to invest in disciple-making relationships
Why you need to invest in disciple-making relationships
 
Growing as a Follower of King Jesus
Growing as a Follower of King JesusGrowing as a Follower of King Jesus
Growing as a Follower of King Jesus
 
Disciple-making and how Jesus saw the disciples change
Disciple-making and how Jesus saw the disciples changeDisciple-making and how Jesus saw the disciples change
Disciple-making and how Jesus saw the disciples change
 
Disciple-Making: Internalisation and Multiplication
Disciple-Making: Internalisation and MultiplicationDisciple-Making: Internalisation and Multiplication
Disciple-Making: Internalisation and Multiplication
 
Disciple-making: a deliberate relationship
Disciple-making: a deliberate relationshipDisciple-making: a deliberate relationship
Disciple-making: a deliberate relationship
 
God's way of changing the world: Disciple-Making
God's way of changing the world: Disciple-MakingGod's way of changing the world: Disciple-Making
God's way of changing the world: Disciple-Making
 
The New Testament Story1 d
The New Testament Story1 dThe New Testament Story1 d
The New Testament Story1 d
 
The New Testament Story1 c
The New Testament Story1 cThe New Testament Story1 c
The New Testament Story1 c
 
The New Testament Story1 b
The New Testament Story1 bThe New Testament Story1 b
The New Testament Story1 b
 
The New Testament Story1 a
The New Testament Story1 aThe New Testament Story1 a
The New Testament Story1 a
 
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.1
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.1A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.1
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.1
 
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.3
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.3A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.3
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.3
 
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.2
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.2A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.2
A simplified Old Testament Story part 3.2
 
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 3
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 3A simplified Old Testament Story part2 3
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 3
 
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 2
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 2A simplified Old Testament Story part2 2
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 2
 
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 1
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 1A simplified Old Testament Story part2 1
A simplified Old Testament Story part2 1
 
An Introduction to Disciple making / Discipleship
An Introduction to Disciple making / DiscipleshipAn Introduction to Disciple making / Discipleship
An Introduction to Disciple making / Discipleship
 
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.3
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.3The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.3
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.3
 
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.2
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.2The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.2
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.2
 
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.1
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.1The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.1
The OT as a Story of moves Part 1.1
 

Recently uploaded

原版1:1复刻莫纳什大学毕业证Monash毕业证留信学历认证
原版1:1复刻莫纳什大学毕业证Monash毕业证留信学历认证原版1:1复刻莫纳什大学毕业证Monash毕业证留信学历认证
原版1:1复刻莫纳什大学毕业证Monash毕业证留信学历认证jdkhjh
 
Asli amil baba in Karachi asli amil baba in Lahore
Asli amil baba in Karachi asli amil baba in LahoreAsli amil baba in Karachi asli amil baba in Lahore
Asli amil baba in Karachi asli amil baba in Lahoreamil baba kala jadu
 
Amil baba in uk amil baba in Australia amil baba in canada
Amil baba in uk amil baba in Australia amil baba in canadaAmil baba in uk amil baba in Australia amil baba in canada
Amil baba in uk amil baba in Australia amil baba in canadaamil baba kala jadu
 
No.1 Amil baba in Pakistan amil baba in Lahore amil baba in Karachi
No.1 Amil baba in Pakistan amil baba in Lahore amil baba in KarachiNo.1 Amil baba in Pakistan amil baba in Lahore amil baba in Karachi
No.1 Amil baba in Pakistan amil baba in Lahore amil baba in KarachiAmil Baba Mangal Maseeh
 
A357 Hate can stir up strife, but love can cover up all mistakes. hate, love...
A357 Hate can stir up strife, but love can cover up all mistakes.  hate, love...A357 Hate can stir up strife, but love can cover up all mistakes.  hate, love...
A357 Hate can stir up strife, but love can cover up all mistakes. hate, love...franktsao4
 
Monthly Khazina-e-Ruhaniyaat April’2024 (Vol.14, Issue 12)
Monthly Khazina-e-Ruhaniyaat April’2024 (Vol.14, Issue 12)Monthly Khazina-e-Ruhaniyaat April’2024 (Vol.14, Issue 12)
Monthly Khazina-e-Ruhaniyaat April’2024 (Vol.14, Issue 12)Darul Amal Chishtia
 
Seerah un nabi Muhammad Quiz Part-1.pdf
Seerah un nabi  Muhammad Quiz Part-1.pdfSeerah un nabi  Muhammad Quiz Part-1.pdf
Seerah un nabi Muhammad Quiz Part-1.pdfAnsariB1
 
Codex Singularity: Search for the Prisca Sapientia
Codex Singularity: Search for the Prisca SapientiaCodex Singularity: Search for the Prisca Sapientia
Codex Singularity: Search for the Prisca Sapientiajfrenchau
 
The_Chronological_Life_of_Christ_Part_96_Crossroads_and_Crisis_Points
The_Chronological_Life_of_Christ_Part_96_Crossroads_and_Crisis_PointsThe_Chronological_Life_of_Christ_Part_96_Crossroads_and_Crisis_Points
The_Chronological_Life_of_Christ_Part_96_Crossroads_and_Crisis_PointsNetwork Bible Fellowship
 
Unity is Strength 2024 Peace Haggadah_For Digital Viewing.pdf
Unity is Strength 2024 Peace Haggadah_For Digital Viewing.pdfUnity is Strength 2024 Peace Haggadah_For Digital Viewing.pdf
Unity is Strength 2024 Peace Haggadah_For Digital Viewing.pdfRebeccaSealfon
 
Understanding Jainism Beliefs and Information.pptx
Understanding Jainism Beliefs and Information.pptxUnderstanding Jainism Beliefs and Information.pptx
Understanding Jainism Beliefs and Information.pptxjainismworldseo
 
Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 4 21 24
Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 4 21 24Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 4 21 24
Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 4 21 24deerfootcoc
 
The King 'Great Goodness' Part 1 Mahasilava Jataka (Eng. & Chi.).pptx
The King 'Great Goodness' Part 1 Mahasilava Jataka (Eng. & Chi.).pptxThe King 'Great Goodness' Part 1 Mahasilava Jataka (Eng. & Chi.).pptx
The King 'Great Goodness' Part 1 Mahasilava Jataka (Eng. & Chi.).pptxOH TEIK BIN
 
Dubai Call Girls Skinny Mandy O525547819 Call Girls Dubai
Dubai Call Girls Skinny Mandy O525547819 Call Girls DubaiDubai Call Girls Skinny Mandy O525547819 Call Girls Dubai
Dubai Call Girls Skinny Mandy O525547819 Call Girls Dubaikojalkojal131
 
Study of the Psalms Chapter 1 verse 1 by wanderean
Study of the Psalms Chapter 1 verse 1 by wandereanStudy of the Psalms Chapter 1 verse 1 by wanderean
Study of the Psalms Chapter 1 verse 1 by wandereanmaricelcanoynuay
 
Secrets of Divine Love - A Spiritual Journey into the Heart of Islam - A. Helwa
Secrets of Divine Love - A Spiritual Journey into the Heart of Islam - A. HelwaSecrets of Divine Love - A Spiritual Journey into the Heart of Islam - A. Helwa
Secrets of Divine Love - A Spiritual Journey into the Heart of Islam - A. HelwaNodd Nittong
 
No 1 astrologer amil baba in Canada Usa astrologer in Canada
No 1 astrologer amil baba in Canada Usa astrologer in CanadaNo 1 astrologer amil baba in Canada Usa astrologer in Canada
No 1 astrologer amil baba in Canada Usa astrologer in CanadaAmil Baba Mangal Maseeh
 
Culture Clash_Bioethical Concerns_Slideshare Version.pptx
Culture Clash_Bioethical Concerns_Slideshare Version.pptxCulture Clash_Bioethical Concerns_Slideshare Version.pptx
Culture Clash_Bioethical Concerns_Slideshare Version.pptxStephen Palm
 
Repentance involves Faith Powerpoint presentation
Repentance involves Faith Powerpoint presentationRepentance involves Faith Powerpoint presentation
Repentance involves Faith Powerpoint presentationcorderos484
 

Recently uploaded (20)

原版1:1复刻莫纳什大学毕业证Monash毕业证留信学历认证
原版1:1复刻莫纳什大学毕业证Monash毕业证留信学历认证原版1:1复刻莫纳什大学毕业证Monash毕业证留信学历认证
原版1:1复刻莫纳什大学毕业证Monash毕业证留信学历认证
 
Asli amil baba in Karachi asli amil baba in Lahore
Asli amil baba in Karachi asli amil baba in LahoreAsli amil baba in Karachi asli amil baba in Lahore
Asli amil baba in Karachi asli amil baba in Lahore
 
Amil baba in uk amil baba in Australia amil baba in canada
Amil baba in uk amil baba in Australia amil baba in canadaAmil baba in uk amil baba in Australia amil baba in canada
Amil baba in uk amil baba in Australia amil baba in canada
 
No.1 Amil baba in Pakistan amil baba in Lahore amil baba in Karachi
No.1 Amil baba in Pakistan amil baba in Lahore amil baba in KarachiNo.1 Amil baba in Pakistan amil baba in Lahore amil baba in Karachi
No.1 Amil baba in Pakistan amil baba in Lahore amil baba in Karachi
 
A357 Hate can stir up strife, but love can cover up all mistakes. hate, love...
A357 Hate can stir up strife, but love can cover up all mistakes.  hate, love...A357 Hate can stir up strife, but love can cover up all mistakes.  hate, love...
A357 Hate can stir up strife, but love can cover up all mistakes. hate, love...
 
Monthly Khazina-e-Ruhaniyaat April’2024 (Vol.14, Issue 12)
Monthly Khazina-e-Ruhaniyaat April’2024 (Vol.14, Issue 12)Monthly Khazina-e-Ruhaniyaat April’2024 (Vol.14, Issue 12)
Monthly Khazina-e-Ruhaniyaat April’2024 (Vol.14, Issue 12)
 
Seerah un nabi Muhammad Quiz Part-1.pdf
Seerah un nabi  Muhammad Quiz Part-1.pdfSeerah un nabi  Muhammad Quiz Part-1.pdf
Seerah un nabi Muhammad Quiz Part-1.pdf
 
St. Louise de Marillac: Animator of the Confraternities of Charity
St. Louise de Marillac: Animator of the Confraternities of CharitySt. Louise de Marillac: Animator of the Confraternities of Charity
St. Louise de Marillac: Animator of the Confraternities of Charity
 
Codex Singularity: Search for the Prisca Sapientia
Codex Singularity: Search for the Prisca SapientiaCodex Singularity: Search for the Prisca Sapientia
Codex Singularity: Search for the Prisca Sapientia
 
The_Chronological_Life_of_Christ_Part_96_Crossroads_and_Crisis_Points
The_Chronological_Life_of_Christ_Part_96_Crossroads_and_Crisis_PointsThe_Chronological_Life_of_Christ_Part_96_Crossroads_and_Crisis_Points
The_Chronological_Life_of_Christ_Part_96_Crossroads_and_Crisis_Points
 
Unity is Strength 2024 Peace Haggadah_For Digital Viewing.pdf
Unity is Strength 2024 Peace Haggadah_For Digital Viewing.pdfUnity is Strength 2024 Peace Haggadah_For Digital Viewing.pdf
Unity is Strength 2024 Peace Haggadah_For Digital Viewing.pdf
 
Understanding Jainism Beliefs and Information.pptx
Understanding Jainism Beliefs and Information.pptxUnderstanding Jainism Beliefs and Information.pptx
Understanding Jainism Beliefs and Information.pptx
 
Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 4 21 24
Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 4 21 24Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 4 21 24
Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 4 21 24
 
The King 'Great Goodness' Part 1 Mahasilava Jataka (Eng. & Chi.).pptx
The King 'Great Goodness' Part 1 Mahasilava Jataka (Eng. & Chi.).pptxThe King 'Great Goodness' Part 1 Mahasilava Jataka (Eng. & Chi.).pptx
The King 'Great Goodness' Part 1 Mahasilava Jataka (Eng. & Chi.).pptx
 
Dubai Call Girls Skinny Mandy O525547819 Call Girls Dubai
Dubai Call Girls Skinny Mandy O525547819 Call Girls DubaiDubai Call Girls Skinny Mandy O525547819 Call Girls Dubai
Dubai Call Girls Skinny Mandy O525547819 Call Girls Dubai
 
Study of the Psalms Chapter 1 verse 1 by wanderean
Study of the Psalms Chapter 1 verse 1 by wandereanStudy of the Psalms Chapter 1 verse 1 by wanderean
Study of the Psalms Chapter 1 verse 1 by wanderean
 
Secrets of Divine Love - A Spiritual Journey into the Heart of Islam - A. Helwa
Secrets of Divine Love - A Spiritual Journey into the Heart of Islam - A. HelwaSecrets of Divine Love - A Spiritual Journey into the Heart of Islam - A. Helwa
Secrets of Divine Love - A Spiritual Journey into the Heart of Islam - A. Helwa
 
No 1 astrologer amil baba in Canada Usa astrologer in Canada
No 1 astrologer amil baba in Canada Usa astrologer in CanadaNo 1 astrologer amil baba in Canada Usa astrologer in Canada
No 1 astrologer amil baba in Canada Usa astrologer in Canada
 
Culture Clash_Bioethical Concerns_Slideshare Version.pptx
Culture Clash_Bioethical Concerns_Slideshare Version.pptxCulture Clash_Bioethical Concerns_Slideshare Version.pptx
Culture Clash_Bioethical Concerns_Slideshare Version.pptx
 
Repentance involves Faith Powerpoint presentation
Repentance involves Faith Powerpoint presentationRepentance involves Faith Powerpoint presentation
Repentance involves Faith Powerpoint presentation
 

Evans, Our God is Awesome -God's Holiness

  • 1. The Attributes of God Attribute: a quality or feature regarded as a characteristic or inherent part of someone or something Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 2. The Holiness of God Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 3. Since the sin of Adam we have found it difficult to tune into the “God Channel” - like a poorly focussed picture our perception is simply not clear. Part of this continues even when we get born again due to the fact God is so different to mankind. God’s holiness is one thing that highlights how different we are to God. Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 4. “God’s holiness is his intrinsic and transcendent purity, the standard of righteousness to which the whole universe must conform” Tony Evans God is the standard for creation - all else must conform to him, not vice versa - bad is bad in the light of God’s holy standard. We shall look at 5 aspects of God’s holiness. Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 5. 1. God’s Central Attribute Holiness is the centrepiece of God’s attributes. Of all he is, God at the centre of his being is holy. Exodus 15 will form the basis for this section. Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 6. 1.a. Majestic in Holiness Moses uses poetic language to describe the deliverance of the people - and then sums it all up in verse 11 - there he says if you want to understand God’s actions you have to understand them in concert with his holiness. Ex 15:8-11 By the blast of your nostrils the waters piled up. The surging waters stood up like a wall; the deep waters congealed in the heart of the sea. 9 The enemy boasted, ‘I will pursue, I will overtake them. Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 7. I will divide the spoils; I will gorge myself on them. I will draw my sword and my hand will destroy them.’ 10 But you blew with your breath, and the sea covered them. They sank like lead in the mighty waters. 11 Who among the gods is like you, LORD? Who is like you— majestic in holiness, awesome in glory, working wonders Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 8. 1.b. The key to God’s nature God’s holiness unlocks the door to understanding and making sense out of everything else about him. This attribute infiltrates every other attribute - his love is holy love, his omniscience is holy omniscience, his omnipresence is holy omnipresence - every aspect of his nature is infiltrated by holiness Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 9. Often God is called “the Holy One” Luke 1:49 -the Mighty One has done great things for me—holy is his name. Isa 6:3 - “Holy, holy, holy is the LORD Almighty; the whole earth is full of his glory.” (not love, truth, power etc. x3) Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 11. Ps 89:35 - Once for all, I have sworn by my holiness Why swear by his holiness - because it is the fullest expression of God’s character Rom 7:12 Lev 19:2 - 2 “Speak to the entire assembly of Israel and say to them: ‘Be holy because I, the LORD your God, am holy. Holiness is the defining part of how God is - the centrepiece of who he is. Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 12. 2. God’s Holiness Separates Him from Creation Isa 57:15 -For this is what the high and exalted One says— he who lives forever, whose name is holy: “I live in a high and holy place, but also with the one who is contrite and lowly in spirit, to revive the spirit of the lowly and to revive the heart of the contrite. Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 13. Holy - Hebrew word means separate - we get saint and sanctified - all mean to be distinct or separate. God is high and exalted, distinct from all creation Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 14. 2.a. Perfect in Holiness Hence Exodus 3:5 - remove your shoes, 1 John 1:5 -God is light; in him there is no darkness at all. James 1:13-14 - When tempted, no one should say, “God is tempting me.” For God cannot be tempted by evil, nor does he tempt anyone; There is no sin or darkness in Deveronvale Perfection: world record price for a sheep God £231,000 Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 15. 2.b. No Degrees of Sin We grade sin in people - really bad, not too bad, ok, not perfect but pretty good... God has no degrees of sin but different sins have differing consequences: Murder and telling a lie are both sin but have very differing results Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 16. God does is perfect and does not grade sin. From God’s holy perspective all have sinned, there is none that is righteous - Rom 3:10, 23 All evil and wickedness are the same before God We might look and think that the sin is different but it is all sin before a holy God. Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 17. 2.c. Encountering a Holy God When people encounter God they see his holiness. Hab 3:16- I heard and my heart pounded, my lips quivered at the sound; decay crept into my bones, and my legs trembled. Isaiah sees God and says (6:5) “woe is me!” God’s holiness requires us to be humble - to hallow his name. Do you act with more respect to people than you do to God? Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 18. 3. God’s Holiness and Sin God’s holiness demands that he judges sin: Rev 16:1-5 Then I heard a loud voice from the temple saying to the seven angels, “Go, pour out the seven bowls of God’s wrath on the earth.” The first angel went and poured out his bowl on the land, and ugly, festering sores broke out on the people who had the mark of the beast and worshiped its image. The second angel poured out his bowl on the sea, and it turned into blood like that of a dead person, and every living thing in the sea died. The third angel poured out his bowl on the rivers and springs of water, and they became blood. 5 Then I heard the angel in charge of the waters say: “You are just in these judgments, O Holy One, you who are and who were; Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 19. 3.b. Natural and Necessary God’s holiness means he cannot ignore sin - sin is taken seriously and will be judged. Holiness and health go together as do unholiness and decay: 1 Cor 11:30 - That is why many among you are weak and sick, and a number of you have fallen asleep. James 5:13-16 Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 20. 3.b. Comprehensive God will judge both men and angels, including the devil - Matt 25:41 Note that satan does not rule hell (though it was made by God for satan, not for humans), he is cast there by God. God’s holiness is awesome; Heb 12:29 -for our “God is a consuming fire.” Look at the effects of one sin - Adam & Eve, Cain, Moses, Elijah’s servant, Ananias & Sapphira... Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 21. 3.c. God Loves the Sinner In spite of hating sin, God does not wipe us all out - he still passionately loves the sinner. He wants to destroy sin whilst keeping the sinner - like killing cancer but keeping the patient. However look at Exodus 19:18-21 and see the effect of God’s holiness Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 22. Mount Sinai was covered with smoke, because the LORD descended on it in fire. The smoke billowed up from it like smoke from a furnace, and the whole mountain trembled violently...The LORD descended to the top of Mount Sinai and called Moses to the top of the mountain. So Moses went up and the LORD said to him, “Go down and warn the people so they do not force their way through to see the LORD and many of them perish. Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 23. 4. God’s Holiness and His Terms Holiness means we approach God as he says - this is what Hebrews is all about. Old and New Covenants are contrasted, we see only shedding of blood makes restitution possible. Heb 9:22 -the law requires that nearly everything be cleansed with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness. When Adam & Eve sinned God killed an animal to make covering for them - physically and redemptively. Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 24. Exodus 20:4-5 - “You shall not make for yourself an image in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below. You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God,” Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 29. 4.a. Israel’s and Our Tabernacle Entry was restricted to the OT tabernacle - three curtains, entry was by the shedding of blood - you did not just enter, God’s holiness meant you had to be allowed to go in. For us Jesus has made the entry possible - Heb 9:24-28 - Because of Jesus we are allowed entry into God’s holy presence - Eph 2:18 Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 30. 5. God’s Holiness and our Lifestyle God has expectations of us: 1 Peter 1:14-16 As obedient children, do not conform to the evil desires you had when you lived in ignorance. But just as he who called you is holy, so be holy in all you do; for it is written: “Be holy, because I am holy.” Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 31. 5.a. Pleasing our God 2 Tim 2:19 -19 - “Everyone who confesses the name of the Lord must turn away from wickedness.” Heb 12:10 -God disciplines us for our good, in order that we may share in his holiness. Remember if (when) you fail - 1John 1:8-9 If you feel more sinful each year it might be you are now seeing more of God and his holiness. Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 32. 5.b. Pursuing Holiness and Getting Clean Make sure you are building well on the foundation of Jesus Christ - live a life in keeping with the royal position you have been called into - live in repentance as the Holy Spirit reveals things to you. Acknowledge God’s holiness like Isaiah and pray as David did, “create in me a clean heart” Thursday 13 January 2011
  • 33. Responding to the Holiness of God 1. Are you living God’s holiness each day - listen to the conversations you are involved in, consider what your eyes look at, and what you think about. 2. Let God deal with the people around you - you don’t know what he is doing in their lives. 3. Pray that 1 Peter 1:15-16 will be a daily reality in your life. Thursday 13 January 2011