Developing strategies

W
A HrnM@CKM: S3BIK
C TpaTerMM noHMM aHMn
TO KCT a
RonyweHoM
uHucmepcmeoMtfpaatleaalz,Pecnyp uKuSerlapycs
eK- ecmeqytledlfoeonoco6u?ê
llpcmyeeHmoeeslcœllxyqe6Hhtxaaeeoelflï
nocneljuansHocmu*coepe-eHHblelzaocznpaaaslen blllu*
nomo6um;peaaxqMe:npo*eccopaE.B.KapHescxo;
B 2 HacTsx
tlac'rb2
M
MZHCK*BbltDaul1lAS IKOJW

!I
' !
YJIK 811.111(075.8)
I;I;K 81.2Aurn-(?23 CONTENTS
A21
A BTtàpbl:E.1;.Kal>llellcKag,B.M .t7elloceeBa,3.:.KYPOIIKHHa,H.II.M MMHOBCKM
Pc11c,1'ke11,,'1.,..'tl,fl'c/lIaaIllloc-rpauuslxxasllcosBenopyccxororocyaapcvseuuoroneaa- ,SECTION 1. SVORK IN A PERSON SLIFE ................... . . . . . . . . . . 7
%1CCI(()I'(,FlI1lIkt*PCIl'I'C'1'l1HM.MaKCIIMRTRHKA;3aBCWIOIIIHZKRYCZPOZRIUWHQCKOFOS%1Karoru
l;CJ1OPyCCl(()iiI't1Cy2l11PC'l'l1C1llIOiiIIOJIHTCXHHVCCKOQ ZKRXCMHH,KZHJIHZA YHJIOJIOFHXICCKHX U'NIT1. AnlbitionsandOpportunities ................ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7
IltyK 21(,1ICI1'1'('./1..l*f).4.lt'111ç() 'l ,
lt't'ttlstttttllltltltl/f/lflf.ruaèanueatzlz/zflz/c/fbl.Bocnpouaseèeléue&c'eWKlsu''?uNJINn%60ûee ,l
t/(?t.vll/113..,pf?,,?'.t.???f7/,lv?/,ocytqecmsaenoJcaptzpc?z/calf,sluaèameabcmsa ' LessonA. IntensiveReading.Texttitle:MissedOpporttmities(10)
LessonB.PracticeTests.Texttitles'.WhatAreTheyLookingAt?(15)How '!
toResearchYourFamilyTree(17) i
! :
I LessonA.IntensiveReading.Texttitle:M rs.Garstin'sHopesL
. .andDisappointments(20)
LessonB.PracticeTests.Texttitles'.MyMother(27)BehindEveryGreatWoman(29)!
1
LRqlT 11.TeachingasaCareer........................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
l
LessonA.IntensiveReading.Texttitle:WhyITeach?(32)
LessonB.PracticeTest.Texttitle:WhatDoBabiesKmow?(37) 11
' qe6 Hoco6He. Part II....... ... 39 '''AIIFJIH;CKH;S3L1K. CTPZTCFHHHOHHMZHXSTCKCTZ.Y . . ................................................
tl2/E.B.KapileBcKa.q(HJT.1;Hozl06m.pea.E.B.KaplleBclçoii.- /essona. utensiveReading.Texttitle'.AnEnglishLanguageTeacherinBath(41) jA2l 112xI. . -
: M ullcx:BmttI. tuK.,2011.-255c. LessonB.PracticeTest.Texttitle:TheCityCollegeofTechnology(48) )
éIISIIN 978-985-06-1949-5. f
1-'
(JNIT 111.A TeacherThrough aChild'sEyes........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 1.$Il!JIgc':'cHB'ropoiiqac-rbloyqe6Horonoco6llx,npeaHa3HaHellHoroaJI.%PMBHTUX
j'j
IlrI'cllplxplcMlalclloBoroBOCIIPHSTHSTCKCTOBPDJIHHHTWXCTMJIHCTHHCCKHXH . / zj jyjtensjveReading. Texttitle:Snowdrops(51) iIIlll$IpII(()l1 v(r1;12t)?1 .tçpa6o'raB)I(u3H#IqenoseKa''O aopoBbeHMeaH- / s practiceTest. Texttitle'MyMemoriesofaBoardingSchool(58) i)l(:ëlIII.)()II1,IxIluzlt)ll.Oxsa-rlcsae'r'revbl , vesson .
.j6cylyljtuBaHHe'',ççCnOpT'',:Y KaPTM MHPa, VOPOZCKaS7KH3HIyy I'IYT'C- O tjonalReading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 :ihII11lICKOC( P
.I.lr,,x ,,('uupy-',''o.ruuecwoe yueuuexpucvuaucvsa-' Kamaaxveua coaep-u.r uercitk 6: r
. t jayj-oplalesxnumalo'rypOlt,IlJISaYJIHTOPHI>IX3aHSTHZHYPOKHROCHOBC . InPraiseOfTeachers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
64 .Il:!3r):t$/!cJI:. ji
'roplloiipleg-reasHoc-ru.Ypolcl'lconep-a'rTexcTBl,aaaaHllfnoHTeHHIO,BOC-Bllcltyylu
I
11()11g'rlllt)111kll1tJIil3jr77C'CCT:t. 'i:I
a 1gc'I.plc,I.I.oI,sslcttluxyue6uwlxaaseaeuuii. sn,c'rlox II. I-IEAL'I'H Axo M EolcAtzCARE ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 ,,.1
YaK811.111(075.8) I
ssx 81.zAura-923 UNIT 1.ToBeaDoctor ...................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 ',
i1I
49-5(.j.2) oHaaa-rensca'BorfBslttlaiittlaxlulconap,2011 L I.i>ssonA.IntensiveReading.Texttitle:How toBeaDoctor(69) ëISBN978-985-06-19
s-tl6-jjws-s j' l'L'.%sonB.PracticeTest.Texttitle:CopingWithStress(72) iISBN978-98
t II
IIi
t I3
. ji

tnqlv II.Tuepastanuthepresent ..................................... 73 uxIT111.comparisonsand stereotypes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I38
LessonA.IntensiveReading.Texttitle:hLettcr(74) . LessonA.lntensiveReadina.Texttitle:TravelleruTales(139)
Lessona.PracticeTest.Texttitle:smallpox-EpitaphforaKiller(80) ' Lesson#.PracticeTest.Te7ttitle:zanzibar(145)
1 OptionalReading ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147.. .'
(
.
'
ChallengesforHumaniT ...................................... 147illi()11s ......-............-..-....-----.------- 81UNIT 111. ThreateningR/.I , How IBeganM yShoreAdventure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
i
LessonA.lntcnsiveReading.Texttitle:AidsHysteria(82) ,
LessonB.PracticeTest.Texttitle:Back-chat(86)
88
',l
LessonA.IntensiveReading.Texttitle:lfOnlyTheyCouldTalk(89) '.
LessonA.IntensiveReading.Texttitle:SamrdayNightinLondon(152)
LessonB.PracticeTest.Texttitle:AssistedSuicide(93) t /essona. practiceTests.Texttitles'.TheLondonUnderground(157)ShoppingI /''(1t
, il1Dublin(158)
95 'SECTION 111. SPORTSAND GAAIES ..........................''.''''' 7 uxlT u. Fam ousNames ....................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
. I
95 '' ,QRPjTLGoodFriendsOrYUVaIS? .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. '. '' '' '' '' ' ''' ' '
.'
Iart 1............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
LessonA.IntensiveReading.Texttitle:WhereHaveAl1theFansGone?(96) t LessonA.IntensiveReading.Texttitle:Shakespeare(160)
fessonB.PracticeTest.Texttitle:Surflt(100) .E'., 1,:trt Il......... 163
UNITIl.DifferentAttitudestoSport.SportattheInternationalLevel....... 101 i I,t'.b'sonW.IntensiveReading.Texttitle'.MadameTussaud's(164)
. l,k.,b..vonB.PracticeTest.Texttitle..Verm eer:A YoungW om anStanding
LessonA.IntensiveReading.Texttitle:TheSportingSpirit(102) ( Itl:1Virginal(168) '
LessonB.PracticeTest.Texttitle:GetActive(107) ' I
' VNIT 111.Theatre ......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170109 '
T111.SportasPartofaNationalCulture ..........--..........-.---.
l.tbvxonA.IntensiveReading.Texttitle'.DramainCambridge(171)
LessonA.IntensiveReading.Texttitle:Americans'AppreciationofSports(110) .' /,t,.$,,$.()nB.practiceTest.Texttitle:TheCraRofDesigningCosmme(176)
LessonB.PracticeTest.Texttitle:WellSuitedforShark-flledWaters(115) t
!
.1NI((,TION VI.GOING PLACESAND SEEING THEW ORLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
D ......... 118 . 1SECTION lV. AT THE M APOFTHE W ORL ................. j !
': UNIT 1.OnaLongRailwayJourney ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 1
118 'LRqIT1. svhatlstbeEarth ComingTo? .........................'''''''' .
' I.
t'.v.b'()nA.IntcnsiveReading.Texttitle:TheTrans-siberianExpress(179)
Lesson,/1.IntensiveReading.Texttitle:'I'hePopulationBomb(120) , /fu,.$.(?nB.PracticeTest.Texttitle:SlowTraintoChina(189)
LessonB.PracticeTest.Texttitle:TheregsPlentyöfRoomAboardPlanetEartb(125) .
, UNI'I'II.svhatasvonderfulsvorld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
CountriesintheModernW orld ........ 122UNIT1l. Developed andDeveloping .
I,'.$'.$'t)nz1.IntensiveReading.Texttitle..Traveler(191)
Lessona.IntensiveReading.Texttitle:ProgressinSamoa(129) . lf'.$',$'t?nB.PracticeTest.Texttitle:AnExtractfrom aNovel(196)TheA.rt
LessonB.PracticeTest.Texttitle'.ProjectsAbroad(135) ' #'('l'l4lvel(196)ShouldIStayorShouldIGo?(197)
4 5

l
19g INTRODUCTIONUNIT111. lt'saDelightfulExperience
le:AdvertisingaVoyagetothelndonesianLessonA. IntensiveReading.Texttit
Islands(199) : Thi
sbook isintended forSecond-YearUniversityiceTest. Texttitle:MakeUpYourMind(205)LessonB.Prad
dcollegesmdentsmajoringinEnglish(from Upper-an
lntermediatetoAdvancedlevels).ltisaimedatperfect-
ACHING oFCHRISTIANITY .......... 208 ingthesm dents'readingskillsandimprovingtheirabil-SECTIONV1I.THEETHICALTE
ity to understand authentic English texts of diFerent
208 stylisticvarietiesandgenres.UNIT1-CreationBfte ..----
Reading in thisbook,asinBook 1, istreatedasaTexttitle:SixDaysofCreation(209)Lesson.z1.lntensiveReading.
self-contained coursewith itsown requirem entsto theiceTest. Texttitle:HistorySetinStone(216)LessonB.Pract
overallstructureandthecomposition ofeachindividual
part.AtthesametimeReadingComprehension isinte-217TheTemptationandVZlofM an. ... . .. .. ..- - ''' ' ''' ' ''' ' ''' ' '-
tdintothegeneralcourseofspeechpracticethroughUNITII. grae
itkinGod'sGarden(218)TheFall thelexical-semanticalcontentsandthechoiceofread-LessonA.lntensiveReading.Texttitles:L
ingmaterials.TheseparticularlyrelatetothefollowingofMan(219)
.npracticeTest(227) broadareas, ortopics'.F'tv/cinaPersonJçLfe,HealthLesson .
andM edicalCare,SportsandGames,AttheMapofthe
curistianMarriage...................-...-....230 I'vorlticf/yLife,
G-oing Places ana seeing th 'e ''rror/ttUNIT111.TheEthicsofa
EthicalTeachingofchristianiy.Texttitles:TheSacramentofMartimony(231)LessonA.IntensiveReading. ,
Accordingtothentlmberoftopicscovered,thebookIuessonB.PracticeTest(237) contains7Sectionsconsistingofseveralunitseach. n e
tmitsare further subdivided into 2 lessons'. A and B.240S jrjtualStAndardsOfChristiznity . . . . . . . - - * . . - - @ - - * @ - e * @ * * * @ @
L A arebasedOn GPI-CPW-CII'Otlt-of-classactivitiesIJNITlv. p essons
virtues(241)sinsandstruggle and presuppose caref'ulanalysis ofthe essentialele-.,4IntensiveReading.Texttitles:CristianLesson .
.
j.tjw textcontentsand structure. They 1ayspe-mentsowithThem(243)
PracticeTests(251) Cialemphasisontextfeaturessuchaslinking,
cohesion,LessonB.
expressivenessand m odal-stylisticdifferentiation. The254
lessons include three main stages'. Reading and Com-
prehension Tasks.TextFeaturesandLanguageFocus;
Follow-up ActivitiesorD iscussion, each stageprovid-
ingavarietyofexercisesandanalytical-comm tmicative
'
activities.Lessons B focus primarily on the skills of
Equick'reading and developingreading strategiessuch
assynthesizing,sum ming up and comparing inform a-
tion,extracting main ideas, identifyingtopic(key)sen-
tences,com pletingpragraphs,etc.
Specialattention in thisbook ispaidtovocabulary
developmentandreinforcem ent.Apartfrom pre-reading
vocabulary listsintended asan aid forcomprehension
; therearevocabularytasksinLanguageFocusincluding
l

'
' :'
j
multiplechoiceandmatching exercises,word-meaning h n Fr I
defnitionandword-buildingpracticeaswellasRussian- VJ 1â t
Englishtranslation,aimedatimplementingnewvocabu- j E * LjFE jlaryin speech. . !
ThepurposeoftheDiscussionandFollow-up stages :
istodevelop thesttzdents'creativespeaking andwriting . . . .
ingthemwithuwnecessarybackground , T goâmbltlnnsandoppnrtunltlesskillsbyprovid
inform ation andrelevantproblematicissuesencotlraging : l
Icommunicativeactivity. I
Amancansucceedatalmostanythingforwhich i
hehasunlimitedenthusiasm.
.: CharlesA<schwab
. I
:PARTI
E
. ''
LEss0N A.INTENSIVEREABING
i: 1. ReadinjandCcmprehensinnTasks. :
:
1 1, 1. Tlu fcllcwinjwcrdsareessentialfcrunderstandinganddisctlssingthemain
ideascfthetextLearnthemeaninjandprnnunciaticncfthesewcrds.
E Perm anentUnder-secretary:seniorcivilservantresponsibleforad-
visingtlzeelectedM inisterandefectivelyinchargeofthedepartm ent.
' The crisisin 1973:theoi1crisiswhich causedtheprice ofoi1to rise I
veryquicklyapdwasresyonsibleforafallinindustrialproduction.I
I Ralm Sprillgs:11Placeln California famousforthewealth ofthein- l
2YMiCYRIS. l
: ouns 1,
l amblerglgœmblo)apersonwhorisksmoneyorpossessionsoncards,
1lig I
?: horseraces,etc.
1 Imisery (mlzgrl)greatsufferingordiscomfortcausedbybeingvery
poororsick
Verbs ii'
. I
k anticipate(œn'tlslpelt)thinkaboutsomethingthatisgoingtohappen 1'
andbereadyforit
investglnlvest)givemoneytobusinesscompaniestogetprofit Ii
miss(mls)failtouseanopportunitytodosmth
part(p(1:t)endarelationshipwithsomeone j'
regard (rllgcudjthinkaboutsmthinaparticularway '!i.-
.f I I
succeedsmb gsoksi:d)comenextaûersmbtotnketheirplaceinamsition g
i' I; 9
i .('
. .
R ?

Adpctives ''Yes,l'm notworriedaboutthat''hesaid.t1Iwasthinkingaboutmy
civilr'slvallconnectedwiththeordinarypeopleorthinesinacountrv l'l's'ther,actually''
rather-than -them ilitaryones - - -Y' Ihad neverheard thathe had abrother, so naturally 1was cttrious.
crazy ('krelzl)notsensible ''Itick'sabouttenyearsyoungerthanme''Jamessaid.çtl-le'salwaysbeen
reasonable('ri:zcnabljfairandsensible Iegardedasttheblacksheep'ofthefamily.Asyouknow,myfatherwasa
seniorcivilservantandheexpectedusbothtofollow him intoGovernment
Adverbs ice.
ldid,butRickdidn't.Whenhewas17,heranawayandjoinedthej SCFVinevitably glnevltobll)unavoidably
u exhantxavy.M y tuhercouldn'tdo anything to preventitasRickwas
sharply g'Jc:p1I)quicklyandsuddenly jreadyatsea. w eshouldhavedonesomething tobringhim backandfind11
him areasonablejob,butheneveransweredourletters.Weheardnothing2. practise the irnnunciaticn cIthe Inllowing prcier,gengraphicaland plficial untilafew yearslater
, whenhesentusapostcardfrom LosAngelestosay
BZmOS. l)e wasgetting married. Hehadgotajobasa:II'I'Iextra*andtheleading>
Paulettegpo:'letq actress,Paulette,hadfalleninlovewithhim.
Marilyng'mœrllln) Oncehehaddecidedtobecomeanactor,heshouldhavetakenitseri-
JamesGraham ('dselmz'grœm) ouslybuthejusthadagoodtimeandinevitablytherewasadivorce.IfPau-
Alaska(gllœskc) lettehadbeenlikemywife,Margaret,shewouldn'thavehadanymoretodo
' dali:z) withhim,buttheypartedgoodfriendsandsheeveninvestedinhiscrazy !LosAngeles(ylos œn 5
P lm Springsg'pcrm 'sprlpzj schemes.HerangmeuponedayandaskedmewhatIthoughtofinvestinga
GovernmentServiceg'gavanont'sarvlsj moneyinAlaska!Iftheyhadn'tfoundoi1there,hewouldhavelostal1the j
'mc:fcv1In'veldoz) money...''çThentheyfoundoil,''Isaid,internzptinghim. (iMartianlnvaders(socialSecurityg'soufslsldkjucrltl) çrh,yes.Theyhadnorighttodoso,upthereintheiceandsnow.How- g,
MerchantNavyl'm3rtfpnt'nelvl) ever,theydidwellasthepriceofoi1hadgoneupsharplyafterthecrisisin
1973 and Rick becam e a rich man.Anyone with any sense would have
3. Readthetextanddnthetasksthatfnllnw. stoppedthere,butinsteadofthathethrew a11themoneyintoanothermad !
idea.Bythattim e,hehadm anied again,and heand hiswife- M atilyn,I
; M )/ opâorfuniû-c thinkhernameis-hadtwochildren.Heshouldhavehadsomeconsidera-
ll tion forthem butinstead he puta11them oney into some Japanese games !
?+v p.,:,.,. ,,,, ;,jl'i'''t twasaboutsixo'clockonawinteraf- calledEçM artianInvaders'',orsomethinglikethat...'' !lI' -
' 'q ' fl'q'$' ternoon.Everyoneelsewho had at- tçsowhereishenow?''lasked,
anticipatingafurthertaleofdisaster. 11; . >'kk. (;.'k.....Ek'... . .xgq .., i
Eij' .' tL'.s. tended James Graham 's Egoodbye party' tr h he'sa millionaire. He retired fve yearsago,and lives in Palm I'.
.t?1).!IiE u..E . > jjC z;b').
.y:(.
. hadgonehom e.Ihadintendedtogohom e Springs. Hebelongstothesamegolfclub asBob Hope.ltm akesyouwon-
'
X myselfbutJam esinsisted on my staying. derwhetherwedidtherightthing,you and1.Perhapsweshouldhavebeen' '
ltjtj j;.,). He looked rather sad and lonely, and I gam blers,likeRick''. !:' I
knew how hefeltbecauselhadbeeninthe içButyouhavetotakeintoaccountthatforeveryltickthereare100peo- Io'4:G.'.'
.tC'E..': sam e position two years earlierwhen he p1ewholoseeverythingandfnishupinmisely'' Er.ï' ,.
''''ktV''7'jy
j,jtjsucceeded m e as Perm anentUnder- ççNodoubt''hesaid,ttbutIcan'thelpthinkingthatwhenIwasyoungl 1:y(j.: a
Secretaly totheM inistryofSocialSecuri- believedRickhadm isseda11hisopporttmities. Andnow Iwonderwhether1 ii
ty.Iimaginedhewaslooking forwardtohisretirementbecausehewould ' wastheonewhodidthat.
''1.havemoretimetoTendinhisgardenbutwaswonderingifhewouldfind
y .. yesgatwwscga,;j jhtod0. (Fr0m Sh'ntenoug j
ççlt'snoteasy,afteralifetim eofservice''Isaidtocheerhim up,
çtbutat ! I'> . .
leastyou'vegotagoodpension.'' ' *Elm extra-onehircdtoactingroupscenesinamotionpicturcorstageproduction.i
, 10 ' 11 :I!
I-'

4. Giveevidencefrnmthetexttcprnvenrdisprcvethefcllcwinjstatements.
1.ThenarratorandJam eshadbeencolleaguesforalongtim e.
2.Jam esdidn'tneedtoworryabouthisIinancialpositioninthefuture.
3.Jam eshadbeeninthecivilservicea1lhislife.
4.Rickhadalwaysstayedin closecontactwiththefamily.
5.Rickremainedtruetohisfrstchoiceofacareer.
6.Jnm eshadalwaysapprovedofhisbrother'sboldundertakings.
7.RickwaslivingandworkinginaneliteareainCalifornia.
8.Rick'scaseisratheranexceptionthanartzle.
9.Jamesoftenwonderedwhetherhehadalwaysmadetherightdecisions.
5. Fncusnnlhedelails91thetexllnanswerlhesequestinns.
1.W hydidthenarratorstaybehindattheparty?
2.W hatwasRick'sErstindependentdecision?
3.W hycouldn'tthefam ilydoanythingtobringhim back?
4.How didlkickmeethisfrstwife?
5.DidJamesbelievetheywould:ndoilinAlaska?
6.W asinvestingmoneylnAlaskathelastofRick'scrazyschem es?
7.W heredidRickmoveafterhehadretired?
II.Tex!FeatnresandLanjuajeFncus
1.Ta tInterpretation:Inference
lzc cn reading ax/tpr.pwchavetotakeintoaccounttheattitudeofthe
personwhoistellingit,andsometimesnotaIltheinformationwecan
deducekomit,isopressedclearly.Itistheninferredhnmthefactsand
opinionsgiven.
* Decidewhichofthefollowinginterpretationsistrue.
1. Jamesblamed
a)hisfatherforRick'sdecisiontortm away.
b)himself.
c)Rick.
2. HethinksRick
a)shouldhavestayedintheM erchantNavy.
b)wouldhavebeenagoodactorifhehadmadeaneflbrt.
c)owedittoPaulettetoearnmoneyasanactor.
HethinksRick'sinvestmentssucceededbecausehewas
a)clever.
b)dishonest.
c)luclty
4. Hisrem arkaboutRick'ssecondwifesuggeststhat
a)hehasabadmemory.
b)hehasnevermether.
c)hedoesn'tlikeher.
n eimpressionwehaveofJam es'attitudetowardshisbrotherintelling
thestoryisthat
a)heisveryfondofhim.
b)hewouldhavebeenasuccessfulgnmblerhimself.
c)hethinkslifeistmfair.
2.Expressiveness
Thelanguageofthetextis,onthewhole,neutralb0thinx/y/candinthe
Jcgrccofexpressiveness.lnotherwords,itisneitherformalnorconver-
sationalin 1/.çvocabulary orstructureand itisnotemotionally coloured
eitherJ@/,thetextisnotdevoidofsomefeaturesofexpressivenesswith-
outwhichthenarrationwouldbelessinterestingforthereaderThese
featuresparticularlyinclude..
a)idiomsandsetphrasessuchase.g.'//leblacksheep',etc;
b)wtpr#.çandword-combinationsconveyingtheauthor'sopinionand
evaluationofthefactsandeventsbeingdescribe4 e.g.flcrazyscheme'.
* Go overthelistofword-com binationsbelow and pick outthose
whichaddexpressivenesstothetext.
acrazy schem e
afurthertaleofdisaster
amadidea
theblack sheep
lookforwardto
goup sharply
nottohaveanysense
fnishupinmisery
haveconsideration forsmb
putmoneyintosmth
takesmthintoaccount
takesmth.seriously
throw moneyintosmth
makesmbwonder
13

111.ReinfcrcinjVncahulary 4. yransjatethefnllnwingsentencesintnEnglishusingthevccahularyt)fthelext.
1. L00kattheWordsbelow anddecideontheirmeanlnjinthelextchtmslnj l'KorflarellepanbHbl;JHPCIW'OPOJIHO;KPYIIHO;YHPMM6bI.1IBMHYXWCH
theCorrettO riant PZi1OSûmuX/JXd/lfll'o,W 0CTaPIIIH;CblHCwHeRlclW f)NJMOCm.%
2.0H,rlolxarlyii,6b1.11OmIHM113caMblxcnoco6Hblxc'ryaeHToBByllHBepcu-
actually a)atthemoment b)urgently c)infact 'reTe,uo,xcoxcanelmlo,ynycmuacd/z/coA oiucnocmuHnpopaGoTa.q
attend a)assist b)bepresent c)enjoy sciolxuaHbpsaosslsjItnepxoM.
consideration a)care b)advice c)doubt 3.Mo;o'reuHHxoraaHeHac'raHsa.qHaToM,qTo6blJInoutaanoez/cmo-
curious a)interested b)intelligent c)strange naM,Hoouellsoropqymcx,xoraa,cKaaaqa,HTonpeanoxmTalopa6oTa'rs
miss a)beabsentfrom b)lonyfor c)loseachance BpexzlaMuoM6uauece.
reasonable a)decent bljustéable c)wise 4.EczlH6BIJI6s1.qHaBattleMMecTe,,6s1ueI/.-- nuqetoo#lzfez/cJlloqb-
sense a)creativity b)practicality c)imagination MuTaxorocopTa.
5.M bIqacroaaèyMsteae-ucxHa;ITeM,rlpaBltriblloJIIIMI,Inocm-bmae.HBIKIOHH. .
2. Replacetheitalicizedwerdsinthesentencesbelnw hytheireluivalentsfrcm 6.O> H113ee6PaTbeB681.11KaPTeIKHHK,KOTOPIH IRPOHI'PZJIBCU,IITOyHero :
thetext 6i>1n0HzaKouquakvcllap:dnuwem e.
7.M 0ii3HaKOMLI;CKD aJI,IITOC;l'&ld#DdlllfGfNitèem T0r0MOMCHTR,Kor-1
. M r.Browntookoverafterlhadretired. x jaauxmscgcsouM .am6uMslM aenoM.aayliêe?rlnanencum,qTo: 2.Asthepricesofgashadrisendramatically theoveralleconomicsima- g avo6sm a6eayMua.avêex oTnpaslln c?BropslBTaxylormoxylonoroay.ti
onchangedfortheworse. ' 6 uo ueua6eiucuo9
. OH Mlloro paa nsl'razlcx HaKTH nptlauqnym pa omy3
. W hendeciding onyourfnalassessm enttheteacherswilltakeyourre-
vepue.aueyaauy. .centillnessintoconsideration.
> , 10.OHHPaM EJIMCb,HO#JfrC#l/JJll;CAXOPOIIIHMH JIPJG SMH.4. Ifthatteenagerdoesn tstopshopliftinghe 11endup inplisononeday.
jj Ecau6sIMuenpeano-r ucoseptuun noeaaxy BJloHaoH,yl61a1HHxor-5
. Thecommtmity authoritiesareencouragingbusinessm entoputm oney '
aaHeynycmwla#5zomom Izzlzlr.i intolocalindustly '(
q 6.Theirmaniagewasbotmdtobreakup evenmally.
) 7.Shehasalwaysbeenregardedasafailurebythemembersofherfamily. lY.FOIInW-U;Activity
8.wehavealwaysthoughtoylackasourpersonalfriend. js ojyers.Do9 Any reasonableperson mustagreethatpraising children forgoodbe- *Shareyourideasabouttakingoyportunitiesthatlli '
j3tau ngrisksm lire?haviourisbetterthanpunishingthem forbad.
you thinkitiswort
10.Anyoneinterestedinthehistoryofal'tisrecomm endedtoreadthisbook.
'
LESSONB.PRACTICETESTS
3. Fillintheaiprnprialehnxeswiththewprdsfrom thetexlrelatedlnthecnes
inthechart Test1 '
Y0uarejoingtnreadanarticleahotlttheimpcrtancenlb0d#Ianjuageandaq-verb Noun Adjective/Adverb u jcjjx cjjjx rs,ctjstnmscfficers,andjBhintervieWers.Readthearb- 'pearance
act cjeanddcthetasksthatfnllnw.
consider i!
inion *?f Pnok-na>T. 1m ' jmiserable
( IPolicel.f/icer !CCaSOD
retire 9 OmePeoplettlrn intonervouswreckssimplyby walking pastapolice
oflicer.Theymaybeguiltyofnothingmorethanjaywalkingbackin ,SUCCCSS
1992,buttheirbodylanguagestillscream stArrestm e!' !i
ii
14 15'
;
'
. f
'
!

'j
lfyou fallinto thiscategory it'snota11bad news.Thepoliceofficer lllltlylanguage.0ntheotherhand,they maytry tohideitandbetoostatic.
isn'tpayingattentiontoyottrnon-verbalcommtmication.lnfact,they're 'l'1yetroubleisthesethingscouldjustbesymptomsofnervesl''
trainednotto. ' t'I'veevenheardofreally strangeinterviewswheretheinterviewerlies
'
Eçpoliceoocersaretoldnottojudgesomebodybytheirappearance,'' ' t'I1thefloorbehindthedesktoseehow thepersonreacts.Theonewhogets
SaysaCity ofLondonPolicespokesman.EtWhatisrelevantiswhether ' tlkejobcomesalonganddoesthesamething.''
they'rebreakingthe1aw ornot.''
HowevertheBritishpolicearemakingincreasinguseofpsychological 1. BecidewhetherthesestatementsareTruenrFalse.:
,proflesofdlfferentcriminaltypes.ltswellknownthatthemajorityof . jourbodylanpzage(thewaywecommunicateourthoughtsandfeelings
crimesarecomm ittedby malestmder20,butyou'realso morelikelyto be ' jtjjourbodiesratherthanwithwords)isofequalimportancetoal1threeWanofrenderifyouhaveashort,muscularbuildandtattoos. : roup:
.Onearea ofpolice work where non-verbalcomm unication isofvital 2 vouwouldprobablybestoppedby apoliceoë cerifyou lookednervous
importanceistheinterview room.Sadly,thepolicewereunwillingto share 'andguilty.
theirbodylanguagetipswithus. ? M ostcrim inalsarem aleandundertwenty.
t 4.lfyou don'twanttobestopped by customsoë cials,walk quicklypast
Customso' cer them lookingcov dent.
' 5. Whatwesayatajobinterviewismoreimportantthanhowwesayit.
RAnyonecan be stopped and checked by Custom sandExciseoffcials,'' 6 w henpeoplelie, they exaggeratetheirbodylanguage.
explainsaspokesperson.Kterherearenohardandfastrules.W e'vestopped
peopledressedasnunsbefore.Anysignoffearisonethingwedolook ' 2 checkycurtlnderstandingcfessentialdetailsbyanswerinjthefnllnwinqluestinns.
out or.
' 1 tn eirbody languagescream stEArrestm el'''W hatinformationdoestheirThism ightinvolvesinglingoutpeoplewhowalktlzroughtheNothingto '
Declaredooralittletooquickly,sweatheavily,oravoid eye-contact.How- bodylanguagegivethepoliceoë cer?
2.W hy do you think thewritersaysççsadly,thepolice weremzwillingtoever
,self-consciousbravadom ayalsoattractattention.Lookingunusualcan
,,galsoleadtoproblemsforsmuyglers.
ûç-l'wo yearsago awom an cam einto Sharetheirbodylanguagetipswithus .
' 3.W hym ightasmugglerpassthroughcustomsdressedasanun?Gatwick withvery strikingbralded hair.A fem aleCustomsol certhought ' j
j jsjtimportantto4. Accordingto theinform ation given inthearticle,w ytherewassom ethingoddaboutit,andtookhertooneside.Itt'urnedoutthat ,
i shehadhundredsofgrammesofcocainehiddeninthebraids.
'' 10OkSmartatajobinterview?
, 5.W hatkindofpersondoyouthinktheinterviewerwho1ayonthefloorwasH
owever,whereyou vecom efrom isasim portantasthewayyouwalk. jotadvantage would such an unconventionalinterview Içtw edotargetcertainroutes.W edon'tcheck llightsfrom Japan asoften as looking for?W
techniquehaveovermorec6nventionaltechniques?onesfrom Amsterdam .''
(From ''Landmark''bySimonHaines(fBarbaraStewaro$
Jobinterviewer
x stc i
GTirstimpressionscomeacrossin liveseconds,''according to apersonnel
adviser.TtNfostoftheinformationtakeninthenisbasedonpeople'spreju- : 1. Readthefcllnwinçtextanddecidewhichwnrdfilsbesteachspace. !
(Ii hich unfortunately,countforalot.'' ; :iCeSW
, y. . p . ;!A
pparently,wordscontributetoonlyaboutsevenpercentoftheoverall V> f/ pcnVp/'r4miy Je 'jimpression aPCI-SOIIColnmtmicates.Tone Ofvoicem akesup 38% andthe
I'CX iSnoll-verbalbodylanguage,clothes,andfacialexpressions. ;
reatingafam ilytreecanbeanabsorbingandrewardingpmstim e,andwho ,
GCYOIIWould1OOkforthesignsthatsomeonewaslying:perhapstheyare : IOOWSWhereitmight(1)...?Youmightdiscoveryouhaveroyal(2)..., ;
totlchingtheirfaceornose,ortheymayavoideye-contactandfddlewitha ahereditarytitleandacoatofanns,aforgottenlegacyorevenaninfamous r
CollarOrtie.WhenPeoplearelylng,theywillsometimesexaggeratetheir massmurdererinthefamily.You'llbecreatingatn)(3)...andvaluablere- 1:
1 I
16 17
'
)

sotlrcetoshareandafascinatinginsightintoyourownlifeandtimesforfu- Income('lnkAmlthemoneythatsomeoneenrns
t'ure(4)....Beforeyoubegin,askarotmdtoseeifanyofthe(5)...research lleirgeo)smbwhohasthelegalrighttoreceivesmb'sproperty,money
hasalreadybeendone. Mostfamilieshaveatleastone(6)...h-is'torianwhose t'l'titlewhenthatrcrxç/ndies
recordsmaybeabletogetyouofftoagood(7)....Olderfamilvmembers mercy ('m3:sl)akindorforgivingattitudetowardssmb
cangiveyouasrst-hand(8)...ofrecentfamilyhistoly thoughrJmemberto parsimony E'pcuslmanl)formal,thefactofbeingextremelylmwilling
(9)...sometactandalwaysbesensitivetoanyskeletonsandscandalsthat tospendmoney
you m ayuncover.om cialdocum entssuch aso1dbirth, marriageanddeath solicitor gso'llslto)alawyerwhoprepareslegaldocumentsandgives
certiscatesareaninvaluable(10)...andfamilyphotoalbumscanprovide leyaladvice
atn)(11)...ofinformation.Postcardsandlettersalsooftencontainuseftzl sultor E'sjurtg)amanwhowantstomarryaparticularwoman
historicalsnippetsandeven(12)...photographsofplacesandbuildingscan titlegtaltl)annmethatdescribessmn'sposition
provideadditional(13)...ofexploration.StartwithanIntemetsearchof
familynnme.Youmaycome(14)...afnmilyhomepageprovidinga Verbsyour
linktolong-lostrelationsoroverseas(15)...ofthefamily. aCCOrd Eo'ko:dlagreewithsmthormatchsmth
! advance (od'vcunsloneselfmoveforward
1.Aguide Bfollow Clead Ddirect CometmtElkAm 'aut)(here,ofayoungD#.$ beoëciallyintroduced
2. A ancestry B lineage c pedigree D descent inupperclasssociety
3. Asole Btmique conly Dsinele che-onshE'tferljllovesmborsmthverymuchandwanttoprotectsmb/smth
4.Aoffspring Bgenerations Cages DprJcenv : Commit(kodmlt)oneselfwithsomeonefeelorgetattachedtosomeone
5. Ainaugtlral Bbeginning cintroductory Dlmit-ial- cultivate ('kaltlvelt) here,makeanefforttodevelopafriendlyrela-
6. A amatettr B beginner c apprentice D unskilled tionshipwithsmnbecauseyouwantsmthfrom them
7. Abeginning Binitiation cstart D outset despise (dl'spalzqdislikeandhavenorespectforsmb/smth
': 8.Away 'Baccess caccount Dentrance flatter('flœtoqoneselfchooseorbelievesmthgoodaboutyourselfand
9.Aexercise Bhave capply opractice yourabilities I1 l0.
Afotmt Borigin croot osottrce Inspire Eln'spala)givesmbthedesire,con:dencetodosmth1.
i 11.Awealth B abtmdance Cprofusion Driclmess nag gnaglkeepcomplainingaboutsomeone'sbehaviottrorasksome-
' 12. A indistinguishable B obscttre C llnknown D nameless onetodosmthinaveryannoyingway
13.Acottrses Bpassages cavenues D ways outstrip (aut'strlp)dosmthbetterthansmnelse ii
l 14 A arotmd B to c across D through
propose gprodpauz)tosmbasksmntomanysmn15.
Abranches Bportions Csections Dparts revoltgrl'vzult)againstrefusetoacceptsmn'sauthorityorobeynlles
ifke E'sekrlfals) stopdoingsmthyoulikeinordertogetsmth(From''GoldExamMaximiser''bysallysxrgex-vwithRichardAcklam) Sacr
m oreimportânt
; j,b tjjeex-sneer (snlo) show thatyouhavenorespectforsmb/smt y
PART11 Pressionofyourfaceorbythewayyouspeak
t yield Ljirldlstopresistingsmb/smth
LESSONA.INTENSIVEREABING Adjectives
amusing (o'mju:zlp)fllnnyandentertaining i1. ReadingandCpmprehensipnTasks dazzling ('dazllp)extremelybeautiful l
exasperated glg'zasporeltld) exkemelyannoyed,especially ifyou1
. Thefnllnwinj wnrdsareessentialfnrunderstandinganddiscussingthemain can'tdoanythingtoimprovethesituation
ideasnfthetextLearnthemeaningandprcnunciaticncfthesewnrds. : expuisite(ek'skwlzlt)exkemelybeautifulanddelicatelymade l
iAblla.ç Glr Efeo)herejust
d tflOS1tendingtoWorkhard IAffability gœfalbllatl)astateofbeingpleasant,
friendlyandeasytoL'ZIIQto iDdustritmsEln ASl .
.
j19
18 j
k!i
- !

.
l
'emztelklplcaref'ulandthorough l('dosomethingwhichhissensitivenessrevoltedagainstshehadonlyto
painstaking (p ,'Jru:d)goodatjudgingwhatpeopleorsituationsarereallylike givehim nopeaceandevenmally,exhausted,hewouldyield.Onherside
shrewd g b'dju:d)unusuallyquiet sllesetherselftocultivatethepeoplewhomightbeuseful.
subdued (so :Ivegosj awomanwhohasalotofenergyandahappy lntwenty-fveyearsMrs.Garstinneverinvitedanyonetodineather
vivacions gvI ' llotlsebecauseshelikedhim. Shegavelargedinnerpartiesatregularinter-
attractivem anner vëyls.Butparsimony wasasstrong in herasambition.Shehated to spend
Adverbs ur 1 Illtmey.Sheflatteredherselfthatshe couldm ake asmuch show asanyone
cordiallyg'ko:dlollqinafriendlybutpoliteanuzorma,way jseathalftheprice. )e
tartly ('tc:t1I)sharplyandunkindly : BernardGarstinhadafairthoughnotalargepractice.Menwhohad ' i
llcen called afterhim had long outstripped him .Itwasunlikely now that
2 Practisetheprenunciatinnoftheseproperandçecjraphicalnames. jierrlardGarstinwouldeverbemadeajudgeoftheHighCourt.Hehadal-
'ba:nod'gœstln) WalterFane('wo:lto'feln) waysbeensilentathome.Hisdaughtershadneverlookeduponhim asany-
BernardGarstin(' dlonsllvlljanq HongKongE'hop'kop) thingbutasourceofincome'.ithadalwaysseemedperfectlynamralthathe
lndianCivilian(In , , jyoulduadadog'slifeinordertoprovidethem withboazdandlodging,GeoGeyDennison('dsefrl'denlson) LiverpoolEllvapu:l) shernCircuitg'noröon'sa:kltq Clothes,holidaysandmoneyforoddsandends.Itneveroccuzredtothem to '
Nort Ilsk them selveswhatwerethefeelingsofthesubdued littlem an whowent
iancrBelarusian è t'utearly in themorning andcam ehom eatnightonly in timeto dressfor
3. GuessthemeaningcfthefnllnwingwcrdsandtrytnfindRuss (linner.Hewasastrangertothem ,butbecausehewastheirfathertheytook
wnrdsrelatedtnthem. E,. itforgrantedthatheshouldloveandcherishthem . (
'bIJx ) domestic(dolmestlk) ItwasonherdaughtersthatMrs.Garstinsetherhopes.ByarrangingambitionEœm
'bœronetsl) panic('pœnlk) oodmarriagesforthem sheexpectedtomakeupfora1lthedisappoint- Ibaronetcy( , o . n g
fidenceg'konfldans) Perfect(paJnlûtj Il3entsofhercareer.Thereweretwo,KittyandDoris.Dorisgavenosigncon
'kaltlvelt) standardE'stœndod) ()1'goodlooks,hernosewastoolongandherfgurewaslumpy,sothat 'cultivate( , Mrs.Garstin could hope no m ore forherthan thatshe should m arry a
4. Read!hetextandd:thetasksthatfcllnw. young man who waswelloffin asuitableprofession.ButKitty wasa
beauty.Shegaveprom ise ofbeing sowhen shewasstillachild,forshe ;
.é-n'lCVJUanjotjea??oîn Sfr lladlarge,darkeyes,liquidandvivacious,brown,curlinghairinwhich ;!there wasa reddish tint,exquisite teeth and a lovely skin.Herfeattzres
rs.Garstin wasahard,cruel,m anaging, . would neverbe very good, forherchin wastoo squareandhernose,(V;''''
)tlrë@)71771.$7.t1l'.ëè@17hè'.).r7(p/llhV*#1tXt)2/q)l!)l1lll-'-'i?l)))))2pll1l!!!!l'-' M-''
!l)!'!:)!)@jpi!iIplp:,)è,))g1,
k:ti!Igi()ë)((()EE(),E()t.tt)tI(;è)rEl@)p2ö)i()ijyjyj4y):!i!)y$EbqqhjjLjj,
ambitious,parsim oniousand Stupid w0- tjoughnotsolongasD oris's, toobig.Herbeautydependedagooddealon ;
jjjr$.k).jljjj.ç.(.j.d:,,,(',.,gE'ry':'j''E).'.'f5:.; ';.::':'y:yyjk,.:y.'j:'j:,jtji.':J':(:'j((Jjy,):(E:jjyE:j.f'(tj' gjjjr..gjjjjjj. jjyg;jjgjjj!.ggjjj,jjj;jjjrg;jj,,,, .',
è',)),'@Eyljtt'j,. .)L,lklyEqEi.ëhp..,jpjyggëtljilëy.'..rttyjjëjjylrjrtrëj man.shewasthedaughter,oneo ve, llcryouth,andMrs.Garstinrealizedthatshemustmarryinthefirstllush ;t't?,1,.''ëq'tèi',,f ig ,tt1l)'!'r,yyy,yryj::yy,ltj,j,yjjyyyjj yuktorinu vep ool,andBem ardGarstinhadm et gherm aidenhood. 'W hen she cam eoutshewasdazzling'.herskin wasjjji,(! ,2 y.):px:ttj,tq:(?y,,.,!yyyyrryjjjyyy jj yxyyjxwasonthexortherncircuit.Hehad t'i,! Et ejj;jE(y.yIy.,,.yyjyj,y erw stillhergreatestbeauty,buthereyeswiththeirlonglashesweresostarry::lChl).l.(.
bj,j)-.-îtxyyt,y,,l,j, j yjtjjjers. ayytjyetsomeltingthatitgaveyouacatchatthehearttolookintothem.VfV'';'is,lyjjyjty)yyigs, seem edthenayoungm anofprom seaè.
E:'. ' .' '
j,g:.(12)62))j)'(ëj:t'j(jj.tgj.-jE@jjyE..!)..Ekk.:
y)yj.jt. yj, ,;t.?.pk;'y'.t,rrlx.,t#)èkt3!ki.,
$,i!.k). tpy thersaidhewould gofar.Hehadnt.Hewas shehadacharminggaietyandthedesiretoplease.Hermotherdreamed 1',, ''rk.t''ik''itt,,./'*tt,r,.),./,),?,,t)/.'.t ainstaking,industrious,andcapable,buthehad Clmutiousdreams;itwasnotagoodmarriagesheaimedatfbrherdaugh-..
' '
-E.(.!E.,.t.ii)i.t!?j.q(,--t--ti.$Lfqïï?ï'.-:.-.,.r -: ...j.,. qjë::jl
t q '''''>'(LLklt+.'''.kEq,,iG)ytitjyyjjjljjylj r jjytoadvancehimself. (Ml-s.Gastin de- ter,butabrilliantone. '......,. ,, .t-y...;::,..tt)j;-.-0.,..,.,,y;-..)y.rtp!EE.-. -jëEàEi:..,Er,,...gyy,,, glyjk422)j,lrgtrgly,ks4:,!(;jj?,
ùplljô*).L)L)ï,-'''),))q,?r'-t;-'#':)$ .$''t.;''''fl)'''''!''''p-tki spisedhim.Butsherecognized,thoug,hwithbit- Itittyhadbeenbroughtupwiththeknowledgethatshewasgoingtobea i''jqzèl--.''-ë)-3qL)(-
1kb,-ï'(j.Er$,.. jyyy,gjj...,.;b'.,kqtqjLLL'..(.-é;-.L..Lk;L(L4.ty-.qyl)2--'EETIIEtjt IE('lltliI's ,.qi y, ë,jp'lj
y,,i.j temess,thatshe could only achieve success beautiftllwomanandshemorethansuspectedhermother'sambition.ltac- Iô.t jg:..:. ,/:4,;:.
L:. j::jj;;jjjgj .gjg.yjyy:.j:E;j.j4t..El,, E ..,j'ëi!q'igt. y,)),,;..,),y:).,..y,,tljjlyq,irjtk tluoughhim,andshesetherselftodrivehim on rordedwithherowndesires.Kittywasasuccess.Shewasamusingaswell
p!V,.'))',)'('(y',
''
tIr'ti;j,t');#),ti'pi.tsgy/)#o.. jwdesiredtogo. shenaggedhim with- :tsbeautiful,
andverysoon shehadadozenmen inlovewith her.Butnone IE
i.?,,y,p,,.t,k),. q ,,,s.,,-t..sk.,),, yjaowavs
,, êl.
''k'#),)):'27))2(.jj:y'i(qyj/j.j.ylIij'jà)k(i,')>,,,,.,p,it?j,; p-ut-m'ercy.shediscoveredthatifshewantedhim wassuitable,andKitty,charmingandfriendlywithall,tookcaretocommit ':i(..'.:...'..:;kj-.f-,-ry...p((jydôk'y-(..E;à.,g,,,.,:j.j,j,,,,gr..----r--j---.-.-,,-è ( .r.E:((:.:.:gJ:!E!. ,
'!
20 21 I
.. ..
11
k I

herselfwith none.W hen they proposed toher,asnonefailed to do,shere-
fusedthem withtactbutdecision.
Herlirstseason passed withouttheperfectsuitorpresenting himself,
and the second also;butshe wasyotmg and could afford to wait.M rs.
Garstintoldherfriendsthatshethoughtitapity foragirltomarrytillshe
wastwentp one.Butathirdyearpassed andthenafourth.Twoorthreeof
heroldadm irersproposedagain,butthey werestillpenniless',oneortwo
boysyoungerthanherselfproposed;aretiredIndianCiviliandidthesame:
hewasffty-three.Kittystilldancedagreatdeal,shewasthoroughlyenjoy-
ing herself;butstillno onewhoseposition and incomeweresatisfactory
asked herto marzy him .M rs.Garstin began to grow uneasy.Shenoticed
thatKittywasbeginningtoattractmenofforty andover.Sheremindedher
thatshewouldnotbeany longersopretty in ayearortwoandthatyoung
girlswerecom ingouta11thetime.M rs.Garstindidnotm inceherwordsin
thedomesticcircleandshewarnedherdaughtertartlythatshewouldmiss
herm arket.
Kittyshruggedhershoulders.Shethoughtherselfasprettyasever,pret-
tierperhaps,forshehadplentyoftime.Ifshewantedtomarryjusttobe
marriedtherewereadozenboyswhowouldjumpatthechance.Sttrelythe
rightmanwouldcomealongsoonerorlater.ButMrs.Garstinjudgedthe
situation m ore shrewdly:with angerin herheartforthebeautifuldaughter
who had missedherchancesshe setherstandardalittlelower.Sheturned
back to the professionalclassatwhich shehad sneered in herpride and
lookedaboutforayotmglawyerorabusinessmanwhosef'uttzreinspiredher
withconfdence.
Kitty reached the age oftwenty-fve and was stillunm arried.M rs.
Garstin wasexasperated.Sheaskedherhow much longersheexpectedher
fathertosupporther.ltneverstnzck M rs.Garstinthatperhapsherownhard
afrabilityhad frightenedthem en,sonsofwealthy fathersorheirstoatitle,
whosevisitsshehadtoocordiallyencouraged.Sheputdown Kitty'sfaillzre
tostupidity.ThenDoriscameout.Shehadalongnosestill,andapoorfig-
tlre,andshedancedbadly.lnherfrstseason shebecameengagedto Geof-
frey Dennison.Hewastheonlysonofaprosperoussurgeonwhohadbeen
givenabaronetcydmingthewar.
Kitty'sheartsank.Doris,ateighteen,wasm akingquiteasuitablem ar-
riage,andshewastwenty-fveandsingle.Supposingshedidn'tmarryatall?
Thatseasontheonlypersonwhoproposedtoherwasaboyoftwenty who
wasstillatOxford:shecouldn'tmarryaboyfiveyearsyoungerthanherself.
M otherwouldbehorriblenow,andDoris,Doriswhohadalwaysbeensacri-
ficed becauseshe,Kitty,wasexpected to m ake thebrilliantmatch,would
notfailtocrow overher.
22
5.
KittyinapanicmaniedW alterFane,apermilessyotmgdoctorwhotook
jtk'lt()HongKong.
(From ''ThePaintedVeil''byWgkMaugham)
Giveevidencefrnm thetexttcprnvecrdisirnvethefnllnwingslatements.
l.Mrs.GarstinhadmarriedBernardGarstinagainstherfather'swill.
2.M rs.Garstinhaddom inatedherhusbandthroughouta11theirmarriedlife.
1.M rsGarstinhadexpectedherhusbandtomakeabrilliantcareer.
4.MrGarstinwascommittedtohisfamilyduties.
5.MrGarstin'sdaughterstreatedhim withdueconsiderationandrespect.
f).M rsGarstinlovedcompanyandhadalwaysattractedpeoplebyhergener-
osityandfriendliness.
7.MrsGarstinhadneverhadanydoubtsaboutherelderdaughter'sbrilliant
future.
8.M rsGarstin'splansconcerningherdaughters'm arriagestook an tmpre-
dictablet'urn.
II.TextFeaturesandLanguajeFccus
W.ExpressivenessinFiction
Expressivenessasafeatureofthelanguageofjctionisachieve4apart
#om devicesofimagety(epithets,metaphors,comparisons,etc),byan
abundanceofidioms,Le.wordcollocationsthemeaningofwhich is
ojtennotapparentandcannotbesimplydeducedkom themeaningsof
theircomponentparts.
* M atchtheidiom sontheleftwith theirdefinitionson theright.
crow oversmb
jllmpatthechance
leadadog'slife
missone'smarket
you suddenlyfeelsadordisappointedaboutsmth
sm allthingsofvariouskindswithoutmuchvalue
failtouseanopportunity
haveanunhappylifef'ulloftmfairtreatment
oddsandends expressdelightinthedefeatofsomeone
takesmthforgranted useanopporttmityeasily
yotlrheartsinks believethatsmthwillhappenorbetherewhenever
youneedit
23

B.Reinforcing Vocabulary
1. Arrangetheaëjettivesusedtndestribepenpleinlhelextintcjrcupsrelerrinjta:
a)appearance
figure eyes nose chin hair skin
lumpy starry long square brown lovely
b)characterandability industrious
c)socialstanding prosperous
blmpy,penniless,suitable,cruel,pretty,hard,long,welloff,liquid,
smpid,vivacious,m anaging,curling,exquisite,ambitious,reddish,
parsimonious,lovely,brilliant,painstaking,dazzling,industrious,
capable,fair,square,starry,melting,charm ing,amusing,fziendly,
poor,beautiful,dark,big,silent,subdued
2. Lcnkatthewcrdsdelcwanddecidewhichnfthegivenmeaningsarecnrrectin
thetext
accord
call
drive
evenmally
fair
mince
outstrip
recognize
strike
2..
4.
a)agree
a)startacareer
a)travel
a)intheend
a)decent
a)chew
a)overtake
a)admit
a)occtzr
b)contradict
b)invite
b)force
b)suddenly
b)light
b)cut
b)exceed
b)identify
b)surprise
c)provide
c)name
c)take
c)occasionally
c)just
c)utter
c)reveal
c)findout
c)upset
Gnthrnujhthetextandtnmpletethewnrd-ccmbinatinnsejuivalentinmeaninj
tnthefnllnwinjRussianphrases.Ccmmentnnthesimilarltynfthemeaninjin
EnglishandRtlssian.Recalltheccntezlsinwhichtheseward-combinaliansare
usedinthetext
Bo3JIaraTbHailellWlxl ...hopes...
HeIIPOSBJISTBIIPH3HaKOB ...Signs
aalfelfoIIO;TH ...far
YXBaTMTLCJI3a.IIIaHC ...Chance
a06HTbc,ycnexaIIYTeM qero-pllf6o ...success
KOMIICHCHPOM TBqT0-JIH60 ...mW e
ffpllilBHl<y'f'bcsIlocllpK6e ...advance
Ilollçan nlleqaMlf ...Shoulders
OIIYCTHTBnllalllfy ...Standard
oueHllBa'rbclllyalmlo ...Sim ation
rloqyBcTBoBan ce6JI ...uneasy
6e3IKaJIOCTH ...mercy
Mlloroo6emalomlo HCnOBeK ...man
HacllemlHKTlclypla ...title
IfpacHBasBHeIIIHOCTL ...good
3anolmeHbl ...JZ Ce
BnallHlçe ...Panic
HCTOHHHKaoxoaa ...incom e
X ecu masO PTIIJI ...match
qecT0JIlO6HBbIeMeqn l ...dreams
Fillintheapprcpfiatebnxeswilhthewnrdsfrtm thetextrelatedtcthecnesinthe
chart
Noun Verb Adjective/Adverb
disappoint
cordial
wealth
dazzle
sensitive
penny
fail

ve-b Adjective/wd-e-b ,11-Fnllnw-upActiviNNoun
hrewd ' *Preparetogiveextensiveanswerstothesequestions.
S
- W hatismoreimportantforawom an:agood careeroragoodm ar-
fright riage?
satisfy -Haveyou everconsidered apossibilityofm aldngam aniageofcon-
venience?
stupid
thorough LESSON B.PRACTICETESTS
Test1
5. Translate lhe follnwing sentences intn Enjlish usinqthevncabulary cI
thetext. Reddthetextbelcw.F0rquesticns(1-5)choosetheanswer(â-W whichyau
thinkfitsbestaccnrdlnjtnthelext. ,
1 ou uexoven uu xxoMy o6pamavscsaanovomsm,uolxeuavalcaonro'
<< ''ero,qw,,Konqexo,,lf-,oussmpueu6.mycmynumb,1 M u of&r 'ntultula y
uanucaa.snucsMocsoeMyc'rapowiy apyry,xow pbliiaauuMa.qaosonsuo
sslcoxugnoc. y m otlleralways smelled of expensive French perfumes,and she
2 ouuulcoraaueaaayMslsazfcsow M,xaxMuoroaenaevanxHeroxceua,u didn'tcook much.w hen ltry to s'lm marizethebasic lessonsshe j
ZIMaJIeeaa6o'z.yoce6exaxu'ro-'rocavuortz#z,gl,aa-y- eztl- eecll. taughtmeaboutlife,lcom eupwiththis:
uppzs .
.
3 OuaGslzlaeauucerseuusm pe6euxoM s ceMbe11npussllclaK'roMy,qTo 1.Aboveall,neverbeordinaly
Bceeenlo6uzluuawtexau. 2.Theworldisasercely competitiveplace:Eatfaster!
aas- ''Ordinary''w mstheworstinsultshecouldfindforanything.lremember
4.Y Hero6sm uIcyapsssleBonocblylHelxuaxIcoxca,xaKyaesoqlcu,uM llertakingmeshopping andthelook ofscornwithwhichshewouldfreeze Ii
MHIIIKHBKJIaCCCHacNeMaallcb#fJ#Nltïf. jlleshopassistantswhentheysuggestedthatsomedressorpairofshoeswas
5 OHa6bIJIazlyxlttleîic'ryaeuTxoiiHaialtyzlbrre're,HpoimrreaHconaazaau' ''verypopular-we'vesoldfiftyalreadythisweek''.Thatwasa11sheneeded
6oabutuezlaêe.vcthlHaeeGyaymylo Kapbepy,HooHaBblmna3aMy)xM t()hear. '
nolfHocerbm nocBll'rlu ace6JIceMbe. Kw o,,she would say, f<wefre notinterested in that.Haven'tyou got
6 OHH qac'ro ccoplullcb,H0 I1ocJ1e Kav oiiCCOPBIOH CTaPaJICSCaellan 3 '' somethingalittlem oreunusual?''Andthentheassistantwouldbringouta11 I
scesorm oxœ oe,qTo6bl3awtaèumbcdoo euny. j trangecoloursnooneelsewould buy- stuffwhich wouldhavehadto '
tlc s7.OHnolu n,HToBezlce6JIrnynoHnoqyqcmto6aa cd#lltleaotKo. ynq,sold ofrcheaplyatsale-tim eattheendoftheseasonbutformym other. jl!
8 Y HeroHe6bIJIoapyroroucmoMnuKaêtatgfdzKPOMePa6OTblBraaeTe. Antjjatersheandlwouldarguefercelybecauselwantedtobeordinaryas-
j.DTHXaellerelBaXM T3JIOHanponllm alfMe,OM/IJRI.VJMCWINJIH HCKOTO- tlesperately asmymotherwantedtobetmusual. I
tt ' '' h idwhenlwenttothehairdresserwith 7pbleMeaonu. Icantstandthathair-do (sesa
9 KoraaoHacHosaBeplfynacbHactlezfyIloczle6ollbm oronepepblBa,OHa jjjyjuend andcam eback with apageboy haircutstraightoutofSeventeen
HecMornaèo6umbcxJ'cae-vl.BceHOHHMaJIH,HTooHaynycmtlaafrf/' Iuagazine),Hit'ssoteniblyordinaly''Notugly;notunsuitable.Butordi- 1,
spem . llaly.Ordinarinesswassom ething you had to do everything possible to
10.OH npunucu<aacBo;nposa.qco6cerBelllloiirnynocTu. Jlvoid.Onewaywastorepaintandrefurnishyourhousefrequently.Actual-
11 HecxonblcoaeTHaaaa40-JIeTHH;aasolca'rcèeaaaelinpebaoolcenue,H0 lymymotherthoughtthata11thehousedesignersandpainters(aswellas I
oHao'rxaaanaeMyHnpeanoqnaocmambcxaeaa yaltweli. rltlthesdesigners)inAmericahadorganizedthemselvesintoaspyringto ?!
12.KoraaoHaysHaezlaBcio HMme'ry116eallocn BaoMecBollxpoim'renei, (Iiscoverherm ostrecentideas forhousesordressm aking and suddenly 1
eecepèqecavarz/ch. lllllkethem popular.And itwastruethatshehad agiftforsensing what ,
26 27
k

'
(
d and >. W hatdidIsadorafeelabouthermother'sclothesonParents'Day?
ldbecomefashionable(ordidlonlyimaginethis?).Shepaintewou A Aj-raid.
houseinantiquegoldjustbeforeantiquegoldbecamethe 'f'urnishedthe s sadlarcolourforcurtainsandcam ets.Thensheprotestedthateverp ' '
m ostpopu c Em barrassed.
hadCistolen''herideas. 'O11C D Proud.d inkandredtowelsinthebathroom whenpinkandredwasstill 'Sheha p
ideredaMeV StrangeColour-combination.HerfearOfordinarinesscame (From ''successatFirstCert/cate')C0nS
tronglyinherClothes.Otltm ostS
fftmldn'tyouPleaseWearSomething else?''lpleadedwhenshewas ,j,st2e
'Dayintight-fttingbulïghter'spantsandabrightpinkdressingforParents
ter,withaMexicancape. Beadthetextbelcwabcutmenwithstrnnjwives.Fnrquestinns(1-11)chnnseSWea
ttw hat'swrongwithwhatl'm wearing?'' ' fromtheIistnfmen(A-D).Scmenfthemmayhechcsenmnrelhancnce.
W hatwasn'twrongwith it!
tqt'sjustthat1wishyou'dwearsomethingmoreplain,''1saidsheepish- EnilhjTvny Q> / - n ;,
1 Kçsom ethingthatpeoplewon'tstareat''Y
, t-five .4. M rQueenHctoriaShelooked atm eangrily anddrew herselfup to herf'ullheighto
Bornin1819 PrinceAlbert,theyoungersonoftheDukeofSaxe-co- 5feetteninches. :
vw reyou ashamed ofyolzrown mother?Becauseifyou are,lsadora, , llllrg-Gotha,marnedQueenVictorialn1840andbecameherprivatesecre-
Ifeelsorryforyou.lreally do.'' tllry.HiSposition asaforeignerinVictoria'scourtrequireda greatdealof '
tltctfrom theroyalcoupleand initially hewasexcluded from state aFairs.
fthethingsthatlsadorarem embersaboutherm otheris stl()nhispoliticalabilitiesandsocialskillsbegantoshow and eventuallyhe1. Oneo I
A .thefoodshecooked. lklllnd thathewasadvisinghiswifeon m ostaspectsofherpoliticalduties. /
h d 'l'lkcrenownedGreatExhibitionwasheldathissuggestionin 1851.Itwasn'tB. theperfumes euse .
C.thewaysheate. lllltilafterhisdeath in 1861,thathiscontribution to the arts,science and:
:
D.themagazinessheread. stpcialwelfareofBntainwasrecognised.TheQueenremainedinmourning ,
'smothertowant? li'l'therestofherlife.2 W hatdidtheshopassistantsexpectlsadora
A Somethingreallymm sual. It x gcatherinetheGreat li* g
B.Stylesthey hadsoldoutof. , 11Pi
ty poorPeter111.In marrying the Germ an PrincessSophiaAugusta
C.Clothesthatwerecheap.
vll11Alzhalt-zerbst(Catherinel1)thesuccessortotheTsarinaElizabethbitD .Them ostpopularclothes. .. 2t1flmorethan hecould chew.H1sfrstactaftercoronation in 1762wasto
3 W henlsadorahadherhaircutinapageboyhairstylehermother jrttàr.ntoFredericktheGreata11thePrussianprovincesconqueredbyRussia
A.wasveryangry. iltlring the SevenYearsW ar.Unsurprisingly them ilitary wasunimpressed
B.dislikedit. jllldhewaskilledinacoupledbyhiswifeandherloverCountOrlov.Cath- J
i ' bsequentlove afl-airswith differentom cersand politicianswere IC
. toldhertochangeit. elnessu j1
4D .
thoughtitwaschildish. witlelypublicised,although itissaidshewasdevoted to Peterintheearly I
, ther ' Yeltrsoftheirmarriage. '
4 Asfarasfashionandhouse-fum ishingwereconcerned,lsadorasm o j
believedthat t: M rcelineDion I
A .professionaldesignerswantedtocopyherideas. IW hentheparentsoflz-year-oldCanadian singerCelineDion sentpro-
B.highlyfashionablethingswerebest. konsm anagerM rAngelila dem o tape, he liked itso much he cried.$l1()t
C.shewouldneverbeinfashion. j'jjeja, m uchtohisfirstwife'sannoyance,hem ortgagedthefam ilyhom eto J
D goldandpinkandredw ereagoodcolourcombination. :
@ 29
281

I
dhadsevenFrench- tdlkllL1JElnTeachingasaCareef Eherdebutalbllm .By the age of18,Dion hafinance
before Angelilpaid forEnglish lessonsto help herspeaking hitalbum s,
hemajorpopmarkets.Thenitwastimetogether j jwcanjwvertellwheremakeanimpressionont ,: ; Ateacheraffectsetem ty,
losesomeweighttosqueezeintoa11thosecutezlt- usjnjuencestopsteethfixedandforherto
thenewMrsAngelil,26yearshisjunior,andthet1eChanelnumbers. Enter Henr.vprooksAdams
mostsuccessfulsingerintheworld.
i D.MrLizTaylorFl'f PARTI
' h marriage of form er tnzck driver Larry Fortensky to ElizabethT e
: 1 neverhadmuchchanceofsuccess.However,thecouplewasopti- gEssoN A. INTENSIVEREABINGTayor
' h rseventh husband,
even signedaprenuptialagree-m istic.
Fortunatey e) hichleftlum verylittleinthecaseordivorce.Accordingtoinsid- jneajingandcnmprehensinnTasksy mentw .
' itwasn'tTaylorwhocausedthebreakdownoftheirfour-yearmar-I llgebutFortenskywhowentoutonthetownwhilehiswifewasrecover-' 1.
n efcljcwingwnrds areessentialfnrunderstandingand discussingthe mainr
l i. m a hip-replacem entoperation.consequently:the m ano ge was ideascjthetextLearnthemeaninqandprcnunciatinncfthesewcrds.ing ro E
: Oh andaboutthatprenup:heattem ptedtohaveltovertunwdto sue Iover
. , Nounso
r3m illionpounds. hauenge g't-falcndsj anew ordimculttaskthattestssmb'sabilityc
From z'FjrxçfCertscateFirst''bySophieKingsley) dstrength( ZZ
fellowship ('felcujkplanawardofmoneytoagraduatestudenttocon-
w hichhusband: tinuetheirstudiesordoresearch !I
nudge gnads)aslightpush
1 A eventuallytooktheroleofiv uencinghiswife? pace gpels)thespeedatwhichsmthhappens I
romotion Epra'mouj'anqamovetoamoreimgortantjoborrankp
2 wasmucholderthanhiswife? reqection lrl'flek-fanlcarefulthought,idea,oplnion
research ErI'sa:tJ)serioussttzdyofasubjecttodiscovernew facts
3 wasofamuchlowersocialstattzsthanhiswife? u gspa:k)averysmallbllrningpiece,asmallflashoflight 'spar
4 causedgreatsorrow tohiswifewhenhedied? Verbs
demn (kon'dem)expressverystrongdisapprovalofsmth/smbcon
5 didnotsundbyhiswifewhensheneededit? germinate ('dsa:mlneltqstarttogrow
switch ('swltjl tosmthchangeormakesmthchangefrom onething I
6 wasm tlrderedbyhiswife? toanother
Adjectives7 hadadevotedwife? ; .
convinced (konvlnstlcertainthatsmthistnze,
iswifeimproveherlooks? major('meldsz)importantorverylarge.g lwlpedh
1r' 9 wasnothappilymarriedtohiswifk? 2. Learntheprcnuncialinncfthefcllnwingprcpernames.
t -- l
' b ivinghermoney? George(d5o:d5) Vicky(vlkll10 helpedhiswifescareer y g I
tjurhg uawardglhc:vzdjJulieE 5
icorigins? PeterBeidlerE'pi:to'beldlo) !11 wasofaristocrat
31
30
1

1
3 CnmparelheprnnunciatinnnIthefnllnwinginternaticnalwnrdswiththeirRus-' IteachbecauseIliketolenrn. Oneofthemajordiscoveriesofmypro-
sianequivalents. jrssitlnallifeisthatlteachbestnotwhatIknoW,butwhatlwantto leanz.
w llen lwantedtoknow moreabouttheroleoftheIndianculhlreinAm eri-
academicgIœko'demlk) doctoralg'doktxgl) thesubject,takingstudentswithmeona' trelta) joldrnalg'dsa:nolj $''1'1literatlzre,ltaughtacourseonadministratorgadmlms
'b ldouzol mechanicgml'kœnlkj ' 1'''tl'Ofdiscovery.bulldozerg u (j to 'I ' Iteachbecauseteachinggivesmemanynectarstotgste,manywoo scalendar(kœlondo) nectargnekta)
,jej.anduave,m any :nebookstoread,andm any ivory towersandreal-di
ssertation(dlsoitegan) poet('paulq '''' wd'lIdexperiencestodiscover.Teachinggivesmepaceandvarietyandchal- I
lk.ltp,eandtheopporttmitytokeepxonlenrning. !JJ 9ZOCJ Ihavenotm entionedthemostimportantreasonswhy lteach. 'i
l tudent Vicky wasan energeticyotmg
.. d . .,,,. .4.:) h do Iteach?A fkiendaskedm ethe. w t,1)MC'SVicky.Myfirstdoctoras ,i:)')r'h,tq,t.i.yg,tiytqljjijti.r,.,ti.;,.,t.(()))!));,jjljigjgjikqyy y jjoworkedatadissertationonàlittle-known14-thcenttlrypoet. '.'.':Ig.j.:.....j;. ,
.;..r..,..L,:jq:j1:y:,I(jy.:::::: Ef1(j:àyt.tjiijj.).j.jj(Eyty: rjj j 1:411.qlrr!ls,1i;;1i/p'
gy.jj .,.gjj .jj,yj, .jyrygjy:,,yjys j..L-;;ù- .,. ; tjsljjjyjjyttu question when 1told him Ididnt Ayltjwhilestillinpaduateschoolshewroteartlclesanusenttuem ou Koli # '
,.,, E wantatmiversityadministrativeposition.
He lk.rll.lledjournals.shedidita11herself,withonly anoccasionalsmileor
,) *;' waspuzzledthatIdidnotwanttotgstepup'' Iet-rom me.ButIwastherewhenshefnishedherdissertation,whenshe'rq .'(....-.E!q.
'.'.
;,,,,
E
g. l1;IkldL.1q(4;'' b
''.; towardmoneyandpower. ' twordthatthearticlesw ereaccepted, whenshehandedajobandwonax' 'E.;;;..!,, jjgrjdk),. ..:.tsk,E:jEE.:E::::E.:!':EëkE:k:...'.., ' $;':'' !ji'
$,y. ,,v One thing iscertain- Idontteach be-4 tt.llowship to spendayearatHarvardworking on abook developing ideas I
-.' r?t:hiE )kv causeteachingiseasyforme. Teachingisthe sjlehadgerm inatedasmy sttzdent.
'''iîiï'ù't . tdim cultofallthewaysIhaveattempt- . ThereisJulie.Herkidsweregrowingupandshewantedtositinoneofmy
q! ''-' edtoearnmy living:bulldozermechanic
, t.l:tssestoseeifshewmscollegematerial.Iwastherewhenshecamein,weep-! carpentery.
um versity administrator, writer. illg.toapologizebecausesheknew shehadfailedherfirsttest,eventhoughshe '
! Form e,it'sared-eye,sweaty-palm ,sinking- Il:1dstudiedfortwoweeks.ItdoesnotmatterthatIlatertoldhershehadgotten
i stom achprofession.Red-eye,becauseIneverfeelreadytoteach,nom atter ! 1,I) orthatonthenexttestshegotaB.ltdoesnotm atterthatin theendsher
?i how lateatnightIstay up toprepare. Sweatp palm,because1nm always (lecldedagainstcollegeafterall.ltdoesmatterthatIwastherewhensheasked. !
û nervousbeforeIenteraclassroom,sttrethatIwillbefoundoutforthefool' ThereisGeorge,who startedoutin engineering,then switchedtoEng-@
lnm sinking-stomach,becauseIusually walk outanhourlaterconvinced lishbecausehedecided heliked peoplebetterthan things.Hestayed foraj ' @'
j' thatIwasevenmoreboringthanusual.
Illaster'sdegreeandnow teacheshigh-schoolEnglish. EE
! W hy,then,dolteach? These are the realreasonswhy lteach these people who grow and ''j
I lteachbecause1likethepaceoftheacadem iccalendar. Jtme,July and t'llangeinm ypresence.Beingateacherisbeingthere,beingpresentatthe
j tugustallowmetomixreiection,researchandwriting,a11inyredientsin' t.leatioqy,gomheontjtohueyjloauytboeygtienasotuoysbgrewathej.agjvememoneyandpower.
But ' ;y recipeforteaching.Itisnotthatsllmm ersarelesseffort.
Itlsthatthey A p 9ul
arediflkrenteflbrt. IItlreadygetpaidfordoingthethingslenjoymost:readingbooks,talking1
1teach because teaching is builton change. Even when the material withpeople,m akingdiscoveriesandaskingquestions.
lteachisthesam e,Ichange,and,moreimportant,my studentschange. Andlalreadyhavepowertonudge,tofansparks,toasktroublingques- ii
1teach because Ilikethe freedom to makemy own m istakes,
to leam 1it'ns,to praisean attempted answer,to condemn hiding from thetruth,to
my0wn lessons,tostimulatemyselfandm ystudents.
Asateacher,Iam my slltsgestbooks,topointoutapath.W hatotherpowermatters?
0Wnboss.lf,asin arecentsemester,Iwantfreshm en tolearnhow towrite Teachingalsoofrerssomething else:itofferslove.Notonlytheloveof ';
by Puttingtogethertheirown textbook,well,
whoistosayImaynot?The lellrningandofbooksandideas,butalsotheloveateachérfeelsforthatrare
coursem aybeacolossalfailure,butwecanlearnfrom colossalfailures.
Sttldentwhowalksintothelifeofateacherandbeginstobreathe. I
Iteach because Ilike to ask questions,
questions thatstudentsmust 1teachbecause,beingaroundpeoplewhoarebeginningtobreathe,Ioc- .
stzuggle to answer.The world isfullofrightanswersto bad questions.
' t'ilsionally lindm yselfcatchingmybreathwiththem . '
Teaching,Isom etimesbrtzshupagainstgoodquestions.
'
(From ''Reaaer'sDigest')Ej( :
'
j '32 ' '
j 33
lit

;
4 Giveevidencefrcmthetexttnprcvenrdisprcvethefcllnwingstatemenls. ' latterincludes..a)compoundwords,mainlyatliectives,someofwhich* ,
befoundinadictionaryasf/lc!yareGcreated''bytheauthorwillnot1. TeachingwasnotthefirstjobforPeterBeidler. .ltimselftoexpresshisideavividlyandprecisely,eg.a)'1*'dJ/.F-#J'Rl,2. peterisveryselfcritical.
,, tapyorg' b)repeatedinvertedctm-vfrlzc/itm3',e'g'f<A'tMdoIteach ;0 me3. Heisaveryindependentperson.
hesEnglishtoUniversitysmdents. t'alaëective+nouncollocations.eg.anfv/r.ptowerandidiomaticex-4. Peterteac
5.Helikestoteachnew courses. llressiol'ls,eg.collegematerial.
6.HesupervisedVicky'sdoctoraldissertationatHarvard.
i ter'sdegreeinEnglish. :7. GeorgegothsmaslfforlettingJulieleavecollege. ' * Gooverthetextand pick outexam plesofthegiven threetypesof8. Peterblam eshimse
idfortalkingwithpeople,readingbooks,m akingdiscover- expressive vocabulary.Think ofyour own sentenceswith these9. Petergetspa
iesandaskingquestions. ' words.
10.Peterwouldn'tgiveupteachingevenifhewereofferedahigherposition.
11.Ateacher'sjobresemblestheworkofasculptor. ttReinforcingF/cc:lf/sr.p
5. Readthetextagainfccussingcnmcredetailsnastaanswerthesequesticns. . 1. Matchtheuefiniticnscntherightwit:theihrasalyerbscntheIeft
k
1.W hy wasPeterBeidleraskedthereason forhishavingchosen thecareer . keepondoing walkforwardtoahigherlevel
fateacher? brushup beginone'sProfessionallifeO
2.Whydoeshefndteachingthemostdiëcultjobofall? stayup continuetodosmth
3.W hatwasVicky'sdissertationon? startout form almity
4.W hywasJulieweepingwhen shecamein? decideagainst improvebysm dy
5.W hydidGeorgedecidetogiveupengineering? walk out nottogotobed
nOttoCh00SeSmtistepup
6 Rereadthetextandidentifytheke#sentencesineachparagraph.B#dninjthis ttogether leave, Pu
nuwillsum ll;thereascnsandargumentstheauthcrjivesfcrteachinj. jutout show ,Y po
2. MatchthewnrdsfrnmthetwncnlumnstnmakeccrreclcnllncatinnsfrnmthetextIl. TextFeaturesandLanquaqeFncus jRecallthetcntexlsinwhichthesecnllncatinnsareuse . .
W.Evaluating theS/J'/dandtheLanguage#./'/1ldTa t bAdjective,noun+nouna. Verb+ noun .
-il aB /aD college Poet(a
Thetitleofthetextisaclearindicationofitstopicandsubject-matteras fan discoveries highschool discovery
wellasthekindofproblemsitisconcernedwith. ke acourse academic lifelna
Someofthespecscfeaturesofthetext'alsoemergefromthetitleand jaand anidea leamed English
.
h textiswrittenasahrstpersonnarrationandis ilttre little-known jollrnalstheformatofthefcx/./e teach afa
laidouttzxananawcrtotheunderlyingquestionGl'#W#doyouteach?''On k major materialjinish spars
thewhole,thetextiswritten inaliteraryN/ylc.Atthesametimethev0- ' in afelldwship professional sttzdentW
bularyofthetextvariesfrom stylisticallyFlcl/frtz/tmdconversational . jevelop atest real quçstionsctz t
toformalandJo./'/ywordssuchas,eg.condemn,##Z&Gtmdfrom emo- ' be dissertation troubling experience
tionallyneutralwordstovcr.pexpressiveandcolourfulA/t/I?JAN/JO?.The et ajob rari calendar
34 35
j '
.
: ' j

; 3. Replacetheitalicizedwpl'dslnlheIpllowingsenlencesbytheirequlvalentsll'am 11 Fcjlcw-upâctjvity
thetext
i * Doyou agreewith PeterBeidleraboutthechallengesand rewards
,'
j 1.whatshelikedaboutherjobwasworkingforherselfandmakingher ftjjeteachingprofession?Shareyourviewsontheproblem.o
1 owndecisions..J
j 2.Weweresurprisedtoseesuchextremelkbigwatermelonsgrowinginmyi.j Gfanny'sgarden. LESSON B.PRACTICETEST
jL 3:Shefotmd the cotmtryside she wasdriving acrossasfascinating asthe sjxjarajraphshgve heenremcvedfrcm theadicledelow.
Fcrthenumberedt1
tainsorthesea.Asshestoppedhercartoenjoyitanideaforanew arts(1-Mchncsewhichnflheparajraghs(A-G)fitshestThereiscneexlrai mount . p
novelbegantogrowtnhermind. yaragraihpudcnctneedtnuse.
4.Hewasconsideredtobeastrictparentcombining fatherlylovewithfinn :
discipline. , JPJQo& J)*& > V.
5.Veryoftenm anypeoplem ovefrom onecitytoanotherinsearchforbetter ,
jobsandcareeradvancement. hatbabiesandtoddlersknow andwhentheyknow itarequestions
6.M y friend said shehadgotfed up with thedullroutineofwashing and thathavelongfascinatedparents,forwhom nearly everythingababy
cookingforherbigfamily. (l(,esseemsfraughtwithmeaning.Theywonderwhetherthatiedglingat-
7.ldidn'tacceptthelroffkratoncebecauselwasscaredoftakingresponsi- tttlllptatspeechorthatearnestimitationofdaddy'sfimnyfacemeanstheir
bility. , l'llbyactuallytmderstandsmorethanthechildcarehandbookssay.
4.TranslatetheInllcwinjsenlencesusingthevocabnlarycfthetext ll .1.M zlorHeer0 apyabx ueèoyMetavrtu,noqeMy OH o'rxaaallcx OT M MMHH- . ScientistsnOW believethatnewbornsOnly afew hourso1d can distin-
CTPaTHBHOFO n0CTa. OHM CHHTWIH,IITO M MHHHCTPaTHBHM JIO.1IXI- hltlishthehum anface.Eventhesetinybabiesseem topreferlookingatpic-
HOcTb-CmynelebKaJde#.YKJlellbraM HBJIRCTH. C'IIYS0ffacesswith theirfeaturesin properalignm eùt.Twelve hoursafter
llirth,infantscanpick outtheirmother'svoice from othervoices,possibly
2.M HeHpaBHercllD'rapa6oTa,noeroMy qToylca.M ce6exoaaun.JIMoryco-' ûcmtenRblef'W #ZA'#TIYHMTbCSHaHMX. IICCK SCthat'stheonethey heard mostinutero.By 5m onthsthey may be
eepm ambr//zzco ggaw aevacaoùo. ' 1ll'letoaddandSubtractsm allnttmbersintheirheads.Andat6monthsthey
3.YqellsleHac'roHe3Hal0TPeallblloroMHPaHAKHBYTB . jttjwywant.
z, :
;l10CapableOfm anipulatingacomputertogettheresu
eolïKocmu .
4.MBIynukc.nHeTonbxoHarlo6eaax,Ho11naolzlorfm -j., .5.OH.u10611/omxpueamb#.rIJzre6xzz-pe.HxoraaozlHMTaJIxypcnoH0- .
BoMynpeaMe'ly,ouyeaeKtvt3artgtlllc'ryaeueroBnatltlptlzyomKpumuû. Takethequestion ofhow wellbabiesrem emberthings.Untilredently,
6.HlloraaMHeIcaxerrcyl,qToBMecTecHHMH.$IomKpblqam lft-yx cmpanu- tllt,viewsofSwisspsychologistJeanPiagetprevailed.Hebelievedthatun-
14.1,Jlculm u. tiItheirsecondbirthday babies'sensesweretoouncoordinatedforthem to
7 Kom aoHanonyquaauaeecmue,HToyaoqepMpoam c,csm ,oHaoqezls '' tlevelop m em ories.Thatm eantthey coulcln'tpicturetheirabsentm others,.
. jjeywoujdst ;
o6paaosauacs. 1('1'example;oriftheysaw someonehideatoyunderapillow t j!
8 HHoraanpoèeuolcenuenoczl-wzcJenpHxoau'rIcTeM,K'roMeHsttleBcero ' lfpt'kforitbecauseforthem itwouldnolongerexist. j'
erooem ae'r. I. i
9.OHc.qHlllxoMHel7elllH'replbllbllii,HTO6b1Haqa'TbHTO-TOHOBOe.Bce,HTO j.LeMyHy-llo,3'r0He6onbttloiimoanoKcoc'ropbHbl. Aju babies'long-term m em oly too,isbetterthan conventionalwisdom
10.#eTH.11106STnepeKamqambc.acoaHoroBHaaaerezlbHoc'ruHaapyroi. jjjysheld.
PsychologistN ancy M yersplacedagroup oflo-month-oldsina
11 HuoraaHplœoHMeTI>MpxecTBo,qT061,1omKpumolc-pêllzp:Heaoceroii- tjrtrkroomwithobjectsthatemitteddifferentnoises;shethenusedspecial /1HOentmellelll'leapyra. (.zyjuerastolilm theirindividualreactions.Tw0yearslater,DrM yersrepeat- C
36 3,
. i
,.
2

,''
CdtbCCxperiment.testingtheoriginalgroupaswellasacontrolgroupwho .
I1.Notonlyisthatunderstandingpossible,say researchers,itislikely.The
'
hadneverbeenintheroom. 'Theoriginalgroupwasn'tfrightenedofthedark ,
View,dom inantforcentttries,thatbabiesarecapableofonlylimitedin-
OOm,'TXPOXSDrMyers,Yndtheyreachedforobjectswithgreateralacrity ' teIlectualactivityhasbeenlargelydiscreditedbyaspateofrecentsttzd-
thanthoseWhohadn'tseenthem before. Thereason?DrM yerssaysthefrst 2 ies.Thenew thinking isthatinfantspossessan array ofskillsfarmore
U OUPrem em beredtheirexperiences. sophisticatedthanadultseverdreamedpossible.
('.Itdoesn'ttakeformalteachingtodevelopchildren'sintellecm alabilities.
4 'lfyouPayattentiontotheirprogressthroughtheearlystagesandcanbe
thekind ofparentwhochangesasthey doy'sayschildpsychiatristStan-
A group ofs-m onth-old babieswere shown one M ickey M ouse doll, IeyGreenspan,eyouwillbepromotingawiserandhappierchild.'Here's
which wasthen placed behind the screen;next, they were shown another whatDrGreenspanhasfotmdworksbest
.M ickeyM. ousedoll,whichwasplacedbehind thescreenaswell. W hen the I3. Perhapsthem oststartlinginformationaboutinfants'abilitiesisthenew
screen wasremoved,itsometim esrevealedthecorrectnumberofM ickey evidencesuggestingthatthey can dosimplearithmetic. ln herresearch,
M ouses- two- and sometim esan incorrectnumberofdolls, such asone KarenW ynn, apsycholpgist,relied on awell-known phenomenon:in-
dollplusonedolltoequaltwodolls. r fants,likeadults,look'löngeratnew orunexpectedeventsthanatroutine
i orfamiliarones.lnthiswaytheyrevealwhattheyexpect(orknow).
5 l 1.:. These skillsaren'tlimited to gifted babies;every norm albaby hasa1-
Waysbeen naturally capable ofsurprisingintellectualfeats.NowadaysInherstud
y,babieslistenedto anumberofvowel-consonantcombina-
adultsarebetteratfndingouthow tomeasurewhatinfantscando.tions
, such asooh,ah, baaandga.W hen onesoundwasreplacedby anew , j? sutm ostexpertstakeadim view ofform alisedcoursesforinfants,par-one
,atoybearinaboxwas1itupandmadetodance. Soonthebabieslooked ' 1 thosethatclaim toteach readingandm aths.Thereisn'tashredticularytowardsthebeareverytimetheyheardasoundtheydidn'tracognize
. oj-independentscientifcevideneethattheseprogramm eywork.Interestingly,babiesignored subtlevariationsin theirnativelanguages .
(;.vetnewresearchindicatesthatbabiesdorememberand,giventhemeans,(bothSwedishandAmericaninfants
werestudied),butregisteredsimilar willseeko'utwhattheywant. lnarecentexperim ent,mothersreadtheir1: ritionsin a foreign languageas tnew '. They already recognized which i jj jdsarhymetwiceaday fortwoweeks.Thebabieswereva a 3- to6-mont-osolmdstheywouldneedforspeech intheirnativetongue. then givenafve-minute Etraining'sessionwith specially equippeddum -C
anadultsenhanceababyslearning?Actuallythey probably do auto-
mies,inwhichtheylearnedthattheirsucldngactionscausedacomputer!j matically. Expertsbelieve thatgramm ar and speech are facilited through torecitevariousrhymes.They consistently showed apreferenceforthe'
q im otherese'...thehigh-pitchedspeechthatmanyofusadoptaroundinfants
' tkmiliarrhymebym anipulatingthecomplztertoreciteit... . becauseitholdsthebaby'sinterestinawaythatadultspeech doesnot.
,(From ''GoldExamMaximiser)
6
Thebestteachingtoolisthewnrm andlovingrelationship aparentdevel- PABT 11
opswiththechild.Almosta11ababy'slearningtakesplaceinthecontextof J
relatingtoanotherperson.Throughalectionategive-and-take,babieslenrn- LESSONA. INTENSIVEREABINGandtheadultswholovethem lenrnhow nmazingtheirchildrenreallyare.
A Othernew studiesshow thatlongbeforeachild sayshisfirstword,
he : 1-B02diB13B100mpr0h0DSi0nTaSkS*
.
hears and tmderstandsplenty. Research conductedby spiech scientist 1 ccwerthejcjjcwjngjislscfwcrdsandstudytheirdefinitinns
.PatriciaKuhn hasshownthatan 8-month-old whohearstheword iball' -
willlook overataballintheroom. Even 6-m onth-oldscan distinguish Nnuns
betweenamlmberofspokensoundsto:ndthosethatarem eaningful,Dr background ('bœkgraund) eventsinthepastthatexplainwhysmth
Kulm hasfound. hashappened
38 : 39
ï
+

idence ('ewdons)facts,objectsorsignsthatmakeyoubelievethat 2.TheInllnwingwnrdsareessential1nrunderstandinganddiscussinqthemaineV
thexistsoristnle ideasnfthetext.Learnthemeaningandprnnunciatinnnfthesewnrds.SnA
fluency g'fluonsl)abilitytospeakalanguageverywell Ajljleyglabljalargechttrchwheremonksandnunsusedtolive;
rehearsal(rllha:sllpractisingaplayoraconcertbeforeapublicper- xp jejltjj:jArmooomini-
adate(aparticularmlmberofyearsafterç IOrm ance .
thebirthofchrist), ,site(salt)aplacewheresmt.hhashappenedorisusedforsmth ,
' lendolgrandandimpressivebeauty ' Au-pair(Ioupea)ayoungwomanwhostayswithafamilyinaforeign' splendour(sp ,
'tc:glt)aresultthatyôutrytoachieve ! Cotmtrytolenrnthelanguageandlookafterthechildren;target( I I I . :
,
ESP(,iespi)Englishforspecifcpurposes,
Verbs . ssc gbilbilisil)BritishBroadcastCorporation; !
conquer('kopko)takecontolofacotmtryorcityanditspeoplebyforth rjasynja
l
gltefujteâchingEnglishasaforeig,nlanguage.
chat(tfœt)talkinformally : ,
erect(Ilrektqbuildsmth 'I ' 3. Makesure#nuktlcw theircnunciatinnnfthesewnrdsdenntingnatinnalities,
occur(oka:)happen,existorbefoundsomewhere : janjuajesandnamesnfthecilies
.' htsmthistrue !presume (prlzju:m)supposeta
soak (souklputsmthinliquid,becomecompletelywet Bathgbc:oj Oxford('oksfod)
wander ('wonda)walkslowlyarotmdortoaplace,withoutanypar- ' salisbery(lso:lzblrlq Yorkgjo:kq
ticularpurposeordirection Bournemouth('bommool Austrian('o:strlonl '
Aqectives Stockholm E'stokhoum) Scandinavian(,skœndl'nelvlon)
accessibleEoklsesoblqsmththatcanbereached,entered,used Cambridge('kelmbrldsq Htmgarian(hap'georlon)
amateur('œmoo)notdoingsmthasyourjob,butonlyforpleasure :à Stonehenge('stounhends) Spaniard('spœnjadl !
'barasq shy,awkwardorashamedespeciallyinan ' Copenhagen(jkaupnlhelganj Japanesegldsœpo'ni:z) iembarrassed (Im
awkwardsituation , venice('venls) swedeEswirdq i
hostile E'hostalllverytmfriendlyoragressive,readytoargueorfght : '
incredibleglnlkredlbl)smththatisvelydi/culttobelieve 4. practisetheprnnunciatinnnfthefnllnwinginternaticnalwcrdsandcnmparethem i
medieval(jmedlli:vllconnectedwiththeMiddleAges . withtheirRussianequivalents. !
predominant(prl'domlnant)mostobviousornoticeable ' , , i
reputable('repjuobl)respectedforbeinghonestorfordoinggoodwork. authentic(o:oentlk)(adj) nationality(,nœJonmlltlq(n)
royalg'rolol)connectedorbelongingtothequeenorking au-pair(,ou'pea)(n) magnet('mœgnot)(n)
varied ('voarld)consistingorincludingmanydifferentkindsofthings commercial(kolma:jblq(adj) maximum (lmœkslmom)(n)
' d)thesystem formakinginformationavaila- company('kAmpom)(n) organiser('o:golnalzoj(n) j!,worldwide glw a:ld w aI
ble,anywhereintheworld dramaticsgdro'mœtlksj(n) qualiscation(jkwollfllkel-fan)(n) j:.
intrigueglnltrirgl(n)Adverbs
j '.fabulously (fœbujlosllqextremelywell,impressively :
dsE'onwodzjforwards 5. ReadthetexlcarefullyanddcthetasksthatIcllcw. .OnWar
particularly (poltlkjulolllmorethanusual
tIy('pa:monontll)lastingforalongtime,orexistinga11thetime SSJJ;V D nâua-
y Fbcv,jrn& fJ ;Permanen
purely ('pjtléll)completely l
singly ('slpgll)alone . ThisisoneofthearticlesfromNickMcLiver'sseriesaboutpeoplewhoworkineverp
dly (so'pouzodll)accordingtowhatisgenerallythoughtor dayjobsinvariouspartsofBritain.OnthisoccasionhevisitsJulianGobdard,ateachersuppose
believed ' OfEnglishtoforeignstudentsinBath,westernEngland.
4140 I
. I

i
. t
I
rir'l' Illcdievalabbeyweredesignedbytwoarchitectsanderectedwithinathirtp
,1:!: . ye:trperiod.Butdon'tforgetthatBathisalsoalivingcity-goodpubs,one
)( q .?z ' (,lthebestcentresforshoppinginthearea.
tti.tjkli ' ',) , E ' NM Soyou'reinthebusinessofteachingEnglishtoforeignstudents.Is''t1#i;;-t))itCg;;#,
'
;(r).k,.',:,4,.t'it.#,$, .--''.'' jyF 1lathaparticularly'goodplacetobedoingthis?/l
)'t..''''l,.:1!''r1jt)/).)))E.aty'tzj4 Ltb',ey; ktt osesitiy.TEFL(that'sTeachingEnglishasaForeignLanguage)isa'-j.).j-:'-...... .(.jlljljjj.)>t.,j;.1.. .
è;.. .
..-1g ..
''
.
'
. . . .. ' -:1' ,,
,
,4;.)tjjj,
'j.
iiC!): i..
1t' ''
j .y,y
, verybigbusinedsinBritainandmostlargetownsandcitieshaveatleastoneb
,,
j, ,ft',' )'rtr.
l .E, : ),)',i Ejjj ,llatnjjguursa.
g
v
eschoot.Butcertaincitiesseem toattractforeignstudentsmorethan
ic
, , ( ,. any go tothesouth coast,Botmzemouth,Brightonand soon- or,.. .): : i ':jj! .' x', '
,
j, ofcourse,toLondon,orelsetothemajortouristcentreslikéOxford,Cam-.) ;
8. bridge,Salisbuly YorkandBath.
NM Canyoutellm ealittleabouttheschoolyouwork at?
JG sttre.w e're a fairly sm allschool,atleast,we are in thewinter-
probablyamaximum offiftystudentsatanyonetime.Butthenwegetmuchath isoneofthem ostbeautifulcitiesinBritain,ifnotin Europe.ltis bi
ggerinthesumm er.Then,m anyofouradultstudentsliketocomeovertoacitywith a long histoly TheRom ans,who conquered much ofthe
, England and learn English while they are on holiday,and we also havelandintheyearsafter43AD,soon discovered thehotwaterspringsonthe
groupsofteenagepupilswhocomeforsttzdytrips.Wedohaveoccasionalsite(whichtheynamedAouESULIS)and,lookingforsomecomfortinthis l ,.
groupsofteenagersatthetimesoftheyear- lnfact,Im teachingappupofcold,hostileandinhospitableisland,builttheirbathshere.Itwasthesesam e '
und , Austriankidsatthemom ent-buttheycom emainlyinthesum mers.hotspringswhich madeBath oneofthemostfashionablecitiesin Eng
d Therichandfamous:including NM Andyotlradultstudents-tellm eaboutthem . .from theearlyseventeenthcenturyonwar s.
hecitytosoakthemselvesm thesup- JO W ell...averymixedbag,really.Theycome9om a1lovertheworld,membersoftheroyalfam ily
,cam eto t r
iving waters.w ith therich cametheirm oney,and by the but1supposethatthepredom inantnationalitiesatmy schoolareScandinavi-posedly health-
g
ld afrord to employ two architects,afatherand son called : an,ltalianandJapanese.Someofthem arepaidtocom eoverbytheircompa-1750sBath cou
d to design the fabulously elegantcity thathasbecom eam agnetfor ' nies,Som earelivingherealready - working in localcompanies,orasau-w oo ,
uristsfrom al1overtheworld. : Pairs.Som estudentswantspecializedEnglish- medical,technical,comm er-to
IrecentlywenttoBath tom eetJulian Goddard,a35-year-o1d English Cialandsoon-andm anyofthecompanystudentswantone-to-oneclasses.
languageteacherwholiveswithhiswifeJane(alsoateacherofEnglish)and lPresllmedthatJulianmustspeakseverallanguages.Iaskedhim ifthis jI
theiryoungdaughterM iranda.ImetJuilainforapotofteaintheworld-fa- werethecase-andwassurprisedbytheanswer. 1
mousPttmp Room s,builtoutsidetheAbbey. JG No.....ldon't,actually.Ihavesom eFrenchandalittleSwedish,but I
NM Thisisfantastic,isn'tit?Somuchsplendotm è: it'snotreallynecessary. .
'
i
illfeeltheatm osphere ...In the eighteenth century ' NM lt'snot?JG Yes,you can st
someofthemostfashionablepeoplein thelandusedto com eheretothe JG No.First,wedon'tgetthatmanybeginnersanymore.Theteaching i
PumpRooms. ofEnglishinschoolsworldwidehasimprovedsomuchthatm ostofourstu-
jAsmuchas1foundthewholecityamazing,Ididnoticethevisitors,in E dents- eventheyoungones- haveenoughofthelanguagetocommunicate f
groupsandsingly?wanderingaroundjuststaringatthebuildings.Itoccurred toacertainextent.Andsecondly,ifyou'reteachingaclasswithacoupleof
tomethatBath;llkeVeniceandotherbeautifulcities,wasalittlelikeamu- '' Swedes,anltalian,aSpaniard,aJapanese:aRussian andaHtmgarian,then
sellm .An incredible placetovisit- butwasn'titsomewhatdepressing to quency in one ortwo languagesisn'tgolng to be ofmuch use!Anyway,
1 Juliandoes? i whatevidencethereistendsto suggestthatmoststudentslearn moreefli-livetherepermanenty, as
JG W ell,yes,lsupposethereissom ething in that.You can understand cientlywhenstudyingplzrely inthetargetlanguage.I
whyvisitorscome-it'snotjustthebeautyofthebuildings,it'smorethe NM Doyouarrangeanythingforyourstudentsapartfrom lessons? ;'
'finda . JG Oh yes. M ostreputable language schools have a fullsocialpro- 'htmityofstyle.M ostgreatcitiesgrew overhundredsofyearsandyou
mixmreofarchitectttre.InthecentreofBath,a11thebuildingsapartfrom the ' gramm e. Particularly forthe teenagersin thesumm ers- we have discos,
42 43

W
WM 1SCC.AndWlmtZbotltX0tO I'IW CX0t1tatlghtSllglish fOrlong? guageStudentsthan Others.
JV WO 1IAW CIIAt,O111yablmtSiXyearsyand1reallyfellintoitbymis- . /.Nota11adultstiidentswhocomeovertolearnspecializedEnglishwant
tzkc.YOl1mZXbeSWPZSC/ btltlUSCIItobemallagefOfaWineShOP!Then tohaveclassesinagroup.
in languageinSeveralCitiesabroadt11cSMOPC10Sedd0W11,llostmyjob,andlgottemporalysllmmerworkatthe 8.JulianhadtaughtEnglishasafpreg
lallgtlageSCh00lhereasasoclalorganiser-organisingtheactivitiesforthe beforehegothispresentjobinBath.
YCIXV WS.1WaSSO intrigtlcdby thebusinessthatlWentandtook aTEFL ' 9.Julianandhiswifesharethesam einterestsandhobbies.
11) JtllianiSConvincedthatSPCW ZgEnglishasmuchasP0SSib1eisthemostQtlzliécatiollySpentayearteachinginStocc olm ,oneinCopenhagen,afew , .
DOZt11SillZSmzlltoWllinltalyandthencamebackheretoBath. effectivewaytogetagoodcommandofit.
NM SOyQtliteaVariedbackground.AndWhataboutyourSociallifehere
inBath? 7. Identifythefealurescrfactsthatarenntmentinnedinthetext
JG Oh,there'ssomuch to doylspendquitealotoftim ewithm yst'u- ' j
dentsintheevenings,thenthere'sanexcellenttheatre,agoodnightlife,and t * W CCityOfBathis amazng.
abigindustrialcentre.beautifulcountrysideto visitattheweekend.Jane and Iarealso keen on jj
vjngcity., t a
amateurdrnmatics-infactlvegottogototherehearsalthisevening.Also, ' (upressingtolivetherepermanently.
we'verecentlyboughtahouse,so I'm spending a1otoftimepaintmg and xjygyauractsAmericansttzdènts.ma
decorating.
NM W ell,thanksJulian.Onelastthing.lknow thatm ostofmy readers . Thescho'olJulianteachesinis fairlysm allinthewinter.
won'thavetheopporttmitytocome overto Britain foran English cotlrse, muchbiggerinthesum mer.
andthatm anyofthem arekeentoimprovetheirEnglish,H aveyou gotany asinglesexschool.
adviceforthem? L forbothadultsandteenagepupils. !
: JG W ell....Ithink them ainthingtodoistotryandfindauthenticEng- foradvancedstudentsonly.
i , .
lishasnearastheycantohome,ifthatspossible.Thatmay mean listening)ë. ..
?. totheradio,theBBC W orld Service,forinstance.Andtakeevery opportu- . Apartfrom classesJulianarran- discos. .
' nityyou cantopractisespeaking thelanguage.lknow thatwhen liravel ges THPS.
abroadI'm morethanhappytochattopeoplewhocanspeakalittleEnglish. Fireworks. .l
, : sportsactivities.j Themainthingis:don tfeelembm assed!
l . . Quizes. p
(AMagazineArticlefrom ''Anglia') 1
' * O lian thinks thatto improve listentotheBBC programm es. t
12 OdiseSpeakinfthelanguage. 46: GiveevidencefrnmthetexltcircvewhetherthefnllnwinjstatementsareTrue . theirEnglishthelearnersshou p
ChatWith people wh0 know Only a inrFalse. .
jlittleEnglish.
j1. ThehotspringsofBathhadbeenpopularwiththerichandfamoussince gotoBritainasoftenaspossible.
thedaystheywerediscoveredandup totheearlyseventeenth. '
2.Thehealth-givingeffectofthehotspringsofBathisbutamythspread g ckx gujjanccjjard'sirnfilealcnjthefcllcwinjguidelines: i
bythecitizenstoattracttourists. ! -. i3
. ThecityofBathowesitsbeautyandelegancetoRomanarchitectswho : . maritalstattzs *presentjob
hadbuilttheirbathsnearthehotsprings. @ educationalbackgrotmd *prçviousjob
4.BathresemblesVeniceasithasanincrediblemlmberofmusellmsand ) . languages . overseasexperience
historicsights. . hobbies
#!
44 45
1.
i .

Il.TextFeaturesandLanjuajeFacus 1. Fjndmcreexamplesnfiarentheticalwnrdsandcnllcluialphrasesinthesecnnd
padcfthetextW.
TheLanguageofDescription
. 2- Matchthewnrdsandwnrd-cnmbinalinnscntheleltwiththeirdefiniticnsnn
Ib?zhaveprobablynoticeathatthetextabounasinagectives.uostof . theright'
them qccxrinthepartdepictingthecj/yofBath,i.e.intheyescrè/fve
t'lketoone evelywhereintheworldpartofthetext.
Notethatsomeatljectives(e.g.*incrediblec//y,!ldonotonlvdescribe , flVerymixedbag tlzelanguagewhichyouaimtoachieve
thenounbutalsoconveythenarrator%evaluationoftheLlacesand . l1k1CI1Cy Startdoingsmth
theirhisloly.In otherwords, fre-çcz#/zvea4ectiveshavean-expressive lllixtttre thesituationthatexistsespeciallyasitaffectsapar-
function.InsuchcasesaWectivescanbeintens#ed,bvas/ma-zadverb,
lltrcesible ticularperson
eg.fabulousyelegant'. - - . l'eintrigued combination
Thereareattributivephrasesofanotherypcinthetext,particularlv h lltllinto inadditionto
suchasnoun+nouncombinations, eg languageschool.F/,enounattri- ' l1ethecase ''becomeveryinterested
buteinsuchcombinationshasthefunctionofspeceingtheseconanoun, llpartfrom afreecommandofthelanguage
thusmakingtheinformationmoreprecise.Noticethatsomeoftheadjec- ttlrgetlanguage easytoreach/gotinto
tive+nouncombinationshaveasimilarfunction,e.g.temporarywork. worldwide betweenonlytwopeople '
agroupofpeoplethataredifferentfrom eachother
*Gooverthetextandpickoutwor'd-combinationsofthegiventhree s yranslatethefnllnwingsenlencesinlnEnglishusingthevncabularycfthetext
typestofillinthechartbelow. ' -
l.Iiozlbttl#lHcn'Bo6o2IbmllxropoaosPM BHBaJIHCBemeqenuecomenaem ,H
()ï )AttributivePhrases Mb1BHZHM BHHXCâWlaeHMeRPMITCKU PHbIXCTHJIG .
2.BueH'rpeMHuclcaBce3aaHHl,KpoMeTex,KoTopblepacnozfoxceHslBTpo-l oescriptive specirying uuxoM rfpem fecn e,6sInucnpoehm upoaanu unocmpoenu nocneBezlM-r .
l ' I ive IcoiiO'reuecerseuuogsogusl.
g neutra express1 3 Aueren,iM llucxaxopotuoauaIov,uTor'yM -oauo113zly'umllx-eczaèax
(adv)+adj+noun (adv).+adj+notm .noun+noun adj+noun noKynoKBueHTperopoaa.
'
E 4.M nozo rlN#tVzI#ltlJ PD HBLX HJIJHOHaJIbHOCTG HPHe3)Kai0T B AHIWHIOalonghistory anincredibleplace targetlanguage authenticEnglish
tjcgoeoxawxuêax cnequaasus= I(erIe#:MeaHuHH-agoodpub fabulouslyelegant amateurdramatics teenagepupils ZXSX3XXOHl'1SNNZr'II
CKHX,TeXHMYIeCKHX,KOMMePKIeCKHX.
5.O6meH3BeCTHO,qTOO6yqeHHeHHOCTPaHHOMYS3MKySBJISCTCS60JIee3$-
: SelomuellblM,eclm OHOHPOBOAHTCSHal43yqaeMoMAahlrd.B. TheLanguageofconversation 6. ropoa oqeHsyèo6nopacnoaox en,TalcqTo'IyaaMoxcuo èo6pam bcn 113
nlo6o;'rouxylc'rpaHsl.
Thesecondpartofthe/ax/isanfazerpfewwhichisavarietyofconversa- . 7.OHMuoroneTnpopa6oTa.qB'rypllceruqecicosfarellercTBe,npelxaeqeMna-
tionandassuch,posessesanumberoftypicalfeaturesofspoken.lan- : vaacgomKapbepyBxaueca'serlpoieccuouanslloronepesoaxluxa.
guage,e.g.. 8.HocneToro,xaxollyttle.q113tlupMbl,oHouycTpolucsHacpe-uennym
a)hesitationfeatures,e.g.well...,no... pa6omysxauecTsecoquanbnoeopa6omnuKaBoauoM143Kozmemxei.
b)parentheticalwtprl.çandphrases,e.g.1don'tactualöq... ; 9.qw 6sIssIrlocoBeeroBazlHHezloselky naqunamujekyva-
vvlzasAaslx?-
c)colloquialismsandidioms,gg.am 'aef/bag,... ' I'Ipeyxaescero,c'rapaiiTecbIcaxMoxcuo6onsmerosopun cnocumwlv u. :
.R3blKa.
46 47
> ,

111.FnII0w-Upâctivity ' Miscellaneous
ll1eplayingofmusicalinstrumentsorsotmdreproducerswithintheCollege
*Preparetotalkabouttheci1 ofBath ; (jjilsgroundsisprohibited,exceptforoKcialorapprovedpurposes.Smok-
lrlg isprohibited,exceptin theStudents'CommonRoom ,theDiningRoom-
comparingitwithotherbigcities; qs
m oking Permitted'itsroleasacenterofTEFLbusiness. 'PXCCPt12.00-14.00daily)andinotherareaswhere-pointingöut
Ntglysaredisplayed.
Fees .LESSON B. PRACTICETEST . (jsreachyearbytheEducationcommittee,anddetailsoffeesarel'eesarerlxe
Readthearliclehelnw.Fnrcuesticnsf1-51chnnsetlleantwprIâ-nlullAlebunu ' t'llenn0tavailableuntiltheendoftheSllmmerterm.Sttldentsaxmlvinetothe
thinkfitsbestacccrdinjta'-thetext - ' ---''- -'--'--'-M ('''llegewhowishtogainsomeideaoffeelevelsmayconiacAtAV 'Uollege,
wllichwillbepleasedtogivedetailsoffeesbeingchargedinthecurrentyear.
Ci C&Z6JJCJCJNPJ: . AtPresentmostf'u'll-timestudentsundereighteen(nineteeninthecaseofsttz- '% % SlentsattendingGcsEandFoundationcourses)donothavetopaycoursefees.
G eneralInform ation jtj ou doifyou wantto ask thestaffintheCollegeOë ceaI. W hatshou y
Collegehours questionat20.00onaFriday evening?
Thecollegeisopen forclassesfrom 09.00-21.00from M ondaytoFriday.
' A. W aittmtil08.45on Saturday.
Dulingtenn tim e,theEnquiry Desk,Ext. 102 isopen each weekday from B.W aituntil08.45onM onday.
08.45-18.45(19.00forthefirstmonthoftheAutumnandSpringterms), C.Dialextension230onthetelephone.
andaRerthatuntilthecloseofclassesaseniormemberoftheacadem icstaff''y D.G0totheEnquiryDeskunlessitistheSmnmerterm . '
isondutyintheO/ ce,Ext.230. 2. studentswithbicyclesorm otor-cycles
Reports A.CanparktheirbikesatthesideoftheCollegeroads.
' beissuedattheendofeachterm.
B'2121Rotallowedtoparkbikesanywhereinthegrounds.Reportsonstudents progressm
ay C. shouldpurchaseparkingticketsfrom theCityauthorities.
Parking . o. mustapplytotheCollegeOl ceforpermits. '
Forsafety reasons,novehicle maybeparked on theroadFayswithin the 3 onaweekdaythelirstareaoftheCollegùtoopenisC
ollegeGrotmds.Seasonticketsforthecarparksm ay beboughtf'rom the ' A theEnquilyDesk
.Cityauthorities. s 'jw cussrooms.. tTh
ere isa speed lim itof 10 kph on al1roadways within tlze College c. theDiningRoom .
groupds.Permitsforparkingmotor-cycles,scooterjandbicycles,attherid- D. theStudents'Comm onRoom .
er'srisk,maybeobtpinedfrom theCollegeEnquiryOlce. (untswhoareintheCollegeDiningRoom at15.004. Stu
' !DiningRoom A. arenotallowedtosm oke.
TheCollegeDiningRoom isopen atthefollowingtim es: ' B.canhavesom ethingtoeatordrink.
08.30- 11.15TeaCoffeeSnacks C.areallowedtoplaym usicalinstnzm ents.
11.30-13.30Ltmches ' D.shouldnotbethereatall. l
14.45- 15.45TeaCoffeeSnacks ' 5 w hatinformationisgivenaboutfees?
16.30- 18.30Eveningmeals ' x. Therearenofeesforclasses.
Accomm odation B.Fulldetailsareavailable9om theEnquiryDesk.
C.FulldetailsareavailablebyphonefromtheEducationCommittee. lStudentsseekingaccommodationshouldcontacttheAccommodationand
jW elfareOm cer,telephone69371/4Ext.54,whoisalsoavailableforconsul- D'Feesforthecom ingyeararenotyetknown. i. I
tation aboutstudentwelfareproblem s.
(From usuccessatnrstcertncate')
j j
48 E 49

- , t-Beadthelextcarefullyanddnthetasksthalfcllnw.EIF(Iqa â TeacherThroujha ChlldsEyes
Wnowéro
n eartofteachingistheartofassistingdiscovery. y zes/jeNorris
MarkVanDtlrd:
(ltlay M iss W ebster Was going to
A teacheraffectseternity;he can nevertell tjr yowing y,. sllow them thesnow opsg jyE
wherehisinlluencestops. rg jt ,:III(lle little three-cornered garden out- .
,
k: ?,HenrySrtm/rzL , jjouse,
where 55 k ' tt,qI(lt-lhe school-keepers , ,E,z,
jj) ytjjy' . :ijggjj,lllt-yweren'tallowedtogo.Al1through ;:, l 'èt,
tLESSON A.INTENSIVEREADING 1116.winter,MissW ebstersaid,thesnow- , ,&f'ië)j,,) r
),),.t,,j:l.
è
(l#t,I,shadbeenasleepunderthegrotmd, ,yjqys..
k..y,t;,.,k,
, ,.
, :j,.)Lj,6.L,,,i T
asks ' b,,tl't'w theywereup,growinginthe t:t '!.p'g' L->.'èt ë''1.ReadinjandComprehenscn : yttk..
,s
,
lt, r ëj,len.He tried to thirlk what they h',tIQ .yl1tt
1. Thefnllnwingwnrdsareessentialfcrunderstandinjanddisctlssinjthemain wtjtlldIooklike, buta11he could im ag-
ideascfthetextLearnthemeaningan1prcnunciaticnnfthesewnrds. . jjyk.wasoneqakeoffalling snow,bitterly gailandwhite,andnothinglikea
Nouns fltdwer.
tery g'semotrl)anareaoflandusedforburyingdeadpeople Itwasavelycoldmorning.Heleanedagainstthekitchentable,feelingceme
funeralg'tqu:narol)areligiousceremonyforburyingadeadperson lllt.llctrdedgeagainsthischest,eatinghisbreakfastslowly.
knight(naltqamanofhighsocialrank(informertimes) : ''Ilurryupy''saidtheboy'smother,ççoryouwillnevergettoschooll''
petal('petal)adelicatecolouredpartofaflower IIisfathercarileinandflledtheroom withbigness.Hestoodinfrontof
slkip gsklpqaquicklightsteppingandjumpingmovement tjkç.jirebecauseitwascoldintheyard,anda11theboycouldseewasafaint
snap (snœp)here,asuddenloudsotmdmadebysmth.closing ljglltateachsideofhisfather'swldebody.
snowdrop E'snoudropqasmallwhiteflowerthatappearsinearlyspring ..jt,sacoldwind,''saidthefather.fçlcan'trem emberacolderM arch.'' I
speargsplo)aweaponwithalongwoodenhandleandasharpmeGlpoint 'jahemanturnedarolmdandfacedthem smilingbecausehewasmuch
Verbs yVI3ttnerandthecoldM archwassafelylockedoutsidethehouse.
bury ('berl)putsmnwhodiedintoagrave '''FheMeredithboyisbeingburiedthisafternoon,''hisfatherwassaying j
clap Eklœp)applaud ti'ilismother.14I'm sorrylshan'tbeabletogo.lworkedforhisfatherfortwo
trap (trœp)getpartofyolzrbodycrushedbetweentwoobjects #,l:tl:thalfyears,upattherollingmill.A niceman,CharlieMeredith,very '
ttIhearhe'sverycutup,andhiswifetoo.Thiswastheironlyboy''. i
$ltl1t. .Adjectives
.. ,, kedhjsmother.' lgnt)(olduse)brave ll0W01dwashe? asgallantggœ
, ,, jssthersaid.tt-fwentylastJanualy Sillylittlefool.That..rwents hhoarse Eho:sqrough(aboutvoice)
'mlngtp)verysmall l'tkttwastoopowerfulforhim -well,togoatthatspeedonawet,dark Iminiature (
iraculousgmllrœkjulosqmarvellous,surprising I1lh',llt.Overseventy,thepolicesaid,straightintothebackofastationary :m
' fullverysad,sonowful tIllt.1(.Aterriblemess.'' imournful(mo:n j
sturdy ('sto:dl)physicallystrongandhealthy ''IIewasanice-lookingboy,too,''saidhismother. ;
tinged (tlndsdlwithasmallamotmtofcololzraddedtosmth ''A1ltheMeredithsare,''saidhisfather.G'Thatonewasveryfriendly 1
wltllthatyoungteacherupattheschool,W ebber,isit?Somethinglikethat''
2. Makesureynuknnwtheprnnunciatinncfthefnllnwingprnpernames. Iluthismothercoughedandlookedsharplyattheboy.
I ''()h?''saidhisfather.<tofcourse.1shouldhaveremembered.Comeon,
Edmtmdg'edmond) MissLewis(mlslu:lsl ,j)j
)eute.',' ' i WebsterEmls'webstal ''$'''-t'ry0uCharlieMeridith(tJc:llmerldlo) M ss
5150

AStheywentintotheclassroom , M issLewiscamein and sentthechil-, %'lti'lltlley hadfinished,the otherchildrenwentdown to thegarden gate
dren intootherclassrooms. wlstk'll(lpenedoutontotheroad.ltWasabiggatewithironbarsandyottr
JUstbefore theplaytime M issLewis told a1lthe children from M iss lleatlcotlldalm ostpokethrough. Som ewherealongway offtheboy could
W ebster'sclassthatthey couldgobacktotheirownroom afterplay. ltplllIllensinging.Theysangsoftly,m oum fully.Thewordscaniedgentlyon
Thechildrencheeredandclappedwhentheysaw M issW ebster. Shewas $llcltirovertheschoolwall,buttheboycouldnothearwhatthey said.
dressedinablackfrock,withoutanyjewellelybutshesmiledatthem hold- ''It'safuneral,''saidEdmtmd.ltMyfather'sthereandmyUncleJim.lt's
ing herfngertoherlipsforthem tobequiet. Thebandageshehad on one $11,()ywhowaskilledonamotor-bike.''
fllger,Where she had trapped itin the cupboard door and hadn'tcried, 'I'heboy nodded.Funeralsoften passed theschoolon theirway to the
lookedverywhiteapdclean.Shegavethem somecrayonsandabigsheetofg $rllletcl'y atthe top ofthevalley.A1lthem en woreblack suits,and they
paperforeachchildandtheycoulddraw whatevertheyliked. wlylkedslowly.Som etim esthey sang.
V'Shallwebegoingtoseethesnow dropsthisafternoon?''heaskedM iss lIesquatteddown to look atthesnowdrops. Hefelta slow,sad disap-
W ebsterbeforehewenthom e. jpfpilltlzzent. HelookedaroundforM issW ebstertoexplainthesesimpleflow-
f6YeS,''Shesaid,itifM issLewiswillallow us,we'llgotoseethem this: rlstohim,butshehadgonedowntothegateandwasstaringthrouqh,look-afternoon.'' theroad. Herback wasashard asa stone.He ttlnzed agaln to the'î 'i''i'
lt'l'.'''W henhewaseatinghislunchhism otherasked, tçW asM issW ebsterin Nllllwdrops,
concentrating,willing them to ttu'n m arvellousin frontofhis
schoolthism orning?'' ryes. Theyhungdown theirfour-petalled headsin frontofhim ,thewhiteh
E<Yes,''hesaid,tubutshecamelate. Shedidn'tarriveuntilplaytime.
''
tillgedwithminutegreen,thelittlegreenballsturdilyholdingthepetals,the
E4poorgirl''saidhism other. jvyishleavesstandingup likeminiahlrespears.Theboy begantoseetheir
Hethoughtaboutthisforalongtim e. . t'kagility.Hesaw them blow inasuddengustofthecoldM archwind,shake,
- Attwo o'clockM issW ebsterm arkedtheregisterandthen begantotell lllld straighten gallantly. He imagined them standing a1lnightin the dark
them astozy Itwasagood stozy abouta dragon who guarded ahoard of grtrden,holdingbravelytotheirspecksofwhiteness.Heputoutafngerto
treasure in hisdenunderground,wherethesnowdropssleptal1throughthe ttltlchthenearestllower, knowing now whatsnowdropswere.Heliftedhis
winter.From timeto timeM issW ebsterturned herheadto look atthebig ' litcetotellM issW ebster,butshewasstandingright'atthegate,holdingthe
clockinthehall.Shecouldseeitthroughthetophalfoftheclassroom door, ironbarswithherhands.Hershouldersweresbaking.
which had fottrpanesofglassin it. Hervoice seemed to behoarserthan Afterawhiletheycouldn'thearthesinginganym ore,butM issW ebster
usual,whichwas:newhen shereadthedragon'sbits,butnotgood forthe ' rontinuedtocry aloudinthemidstofthefrightenedchildren
.knightorthe princess.Sheshutherbook with a snap and stood up. She
.ncsg-sng/js,,) I'tcompletedthestoly (FromI hadn ,
l tçN ow we'llgoto seethesnowdrops''shesaid. ttIwantthegirlstogo'
itlytothecloakroomandputonthellcoats.Whentheyareready,1511 4.AnswertheluestinnsjivingevidenceIrnmthetexttnsuppnrtpurideas. èl que rà
j
comealong with theboys.Everybody mustwearacoat. lfyou havedil -. I w hatdoyousupposewastheageoftheboy andthepupilsinhisclass? 1
ltywithbuttons,pleasestandin frontand1'11fastenthem foryou.
'' 1*ojdtheboy'sparentsdiscusseverythingopenlyinhispresence? 1cu
Hestoodupwith asudden lighteningoftheheart. Hehadknowna1lthe (J whatevidenceisthereinthestorythatthiswasnotanonnalschoolday k
tim ethatM issW ebsterwouldnotforget andatlastshewastakingthem to 'forM issW ebster? 5')
j
seethemiraculousiowers,paleandfraglleasthefallingsnow. Helookedat 4 uow farisittnletosaythatM issW ebster,whateverherfeelings,stilldidM i
ssW ebsterwith gratim de.Her eyeswerebrightasfrost, andshewas 'herjobasateacher? '
makingsurethatthegirlswalkednicelythrough thedoor.
j uow didtheboyshow hislongingtoseethesnowdrops?Th
ey al1walkedbeautifully throughtheplayground, intworowshold- '
inghands,andheheldEdmund'shandandtheygavealittleskiptogether 5 Exjanjjjesestatementsusinçquntatinnand/crreference. $everythreesteps. ltdidn'tiakelongtogettothegarden. Thqchildrenbent .
-
.down,fottratatim etolookatthelittleclumpofsnowdropsandM issW eb- 1.Theim ageoftheflowerjwasfaintintheboy'sm ipd.
stertold them whatto look at. Heand Edmundwouldbethe lastto look. 2.Itwasanunusuallycoldday.
rI!' '
j
'
j.,) jI
53 j52 .'
r
. '

3.TheMeredithboywasn'taveryskillfuldriver. f /, ccmbinetheadjectives/verbscntheleftwithadverbspntherighttorejrnduce
4.TheboythoughtM issW ebsterwasastrong-willedperson. , lhewcrd-cnmhinatinnsfrcm thetextWhiledninjthisrecalltheccntextsInwhith
5.Theboydidn'tquitelik.ethewayM issW ebsterreadastorytotheclass. lhesewcrd-ccmblnatinnsperfnrm àmarkelexpressivefunctinn.
6.ThechildrenfeltdismayedwhenM issW ebsterstartedsobbing. j
ve Advepsli'rbzlkr/fcl/e/Adject7. Afterwatchingthefowersforafew minutestheboywasabletoseeand sing safely
aam irethevitalityandstrengthoftheiowers. jyojtj u tterlyk:l
cëtrried sharply
.
IITextFeaturesandLanguajeFocus : Straighten gently
Iocked gallantly
a4.ExpressiveM eansin Fiction frail mournfully
lExpressivenessofaliterarytextcanbeachievedalongsidewithother C. ?zdsimileisanopressivedevicefrequentlyusedindescrètivefax/.ç,
means,by introducing unpredictableword-com binations in which the e.g.ashardasnails;aswhiteasasheet.
faedsemanticrelationsbetweenthewordsaredeliberatelybroken.Such'
unusual'combinationscreateaspec/cstylisticdevke,thepurposeof ,
whichistoattractthereader'sattentiontoaparticulardetailorevent. ' 2 nnd4jnstancesnIsimilesintrnducedW 'as...as'nrllike'inthetext
oneofthesedevicesistheso-calledmetaphoric(ordisplaced)epi- ,
thet.Itisakindofepithetinwhichthesyntacticalnnkgbetweenthewori
donotcoinciaewiththeirsemanticrelantlons. Therefore,ametaphoricepi- 7t ILReinforcngVocabulary
thetaoesnotaeterminethewordwithwhichitisconnectedsyntacticalb.
'-Hefeltaslow,saddisanpointment''. 1- GBnvefthetexlagainandmakeaIistnfwcrdsandphraseswhichareusedhye.g. 'Wi&J##tua/&lrp/cameN'/rlhim .W/W #andhe lheztlthor.Thisactuallymeans
feltsad'',wheretheepithets'y/tlw'and'sad'areconnectedwiththenoun a)toshow how theboyperceivedthematerialworldaroundhim ona
'disappointm ent'syntactically,butaresemantically related tothesub- coldday inM arch;
jectofthesentenceWe'.describingtheemotionalstateoftheboy.Such ' b)todescribesnowdrops.
anepithetisexpressivebecauseitisnottypicallyusedinthelanguagein
theseword-combinations,theyareGinvented''bytheauthor 2. AmnnjthemcsttpicalcnmdinatinnsinEnjlisharecl-phrasesIike,e.g.abuachè
1 ' 0llIaW8rs,:herdp/w0lv8s.FindsuchphrasesinthetextandjivetheirRussian
I equivalents.
q 1. Decidewhichnftheadjectivesinthefnllnwingwnrd-cnmbinatinnsexiressthe!'
authnr'satlitudetnthenbjeclsdescribed. a stujytjejejnjtjcnscftheadjectivesfrajile,frailandfaintandnctethedifler-.. @
greyishleaves . littleclllm p enceintheirmeaning.
fragilellower (tingedwith)minutegreen pague (ujjcate,crisp;easilybrokenordamaged,notstiong;
four-petalledheads suddengust(ofwind) zt weakandverydelicateasifeasytobebroken(esp.ofano1dfrat
miraculousiower slow,saddisappoin% ent baby); Ipersonora
Ifaint notclear,blurred,e.g.afaintpicture/shape/image/writing,etc.
2.Notethatadverbsarefrequentlyusedincombinationwitha4ectives '
andverbstointens# thequalityofanobjectorpersonortodescribea ', 4. usecnecfthesewnrdstnfillthegapsinthesentencesbelcw. I
certainactionwithmoreaccuracy andprecision. ;
lfrail;straightengallantly. ,! 1'W eChild's...armscouldbarelyholdtheparcel.c.g.bittery ,,
2.Theparcelwasm arked...,-GGl-landlewithcare .
i- i
55 154 ,
, - 1

3.Thesotmdofthecarwasgetting...inthedistance. k --'- - --
Verbs Nouns Adjectives Adverbs4. Therewereafew ...pencillinesonthepage. , . ..-.- i
5.Hisbodywas...afteralongillness. ' play
6.Mostpeoplefrstseetheislandasa...blurthroughthemistyrain. .- - I
7 Hewaslisteningtomewitha...smileonhislips. 1 Straight I-
.. .- j8. M rsHardinMherselfwasthin and ...,butherson wasasturdy sixteen stwdy 'j
ear-old. - ' ly
white j' (5. ChnnsetheapprnpriatedefiniticnsfnrthefnllcwingihrasalverdscntheIeft -'--
comealong sitwithyourkneesbent ' !. TranslatethesentencesintnEnglishusinjthevncahularynfthetextintheitali- l
beup moveorbendyolzrbodyinaparticulardirection cizedpads.
.
.1
*1.*
poketlzrough movedownwards . .
,fi jbm ard ' l'CH DCRCJKRMMU6bIJIHOqellbMaJICHbKHWYxpynMl4e,HOBâHRMJIORWItWI',benddown stretchones nger
.( u'ro6slnonlo6osaerscxHxKpacow i. ,starethrough beawake/rise :
. 2.HoHH-He6onsmHer= sahle-HsoTHble,xoeropblellBzlrlltlrrcrlBiylxoauaMHleanthrough pushsm ththroughaspace/opening
.
143cesepllo;qac'rHHcnallHll.putout(ahnger) lookatsmthsteadily q ,
, 3.Heoolcuèannuûatlp*laBeTpapacicaqazlBepttlHHblcocell. tsquatdown gosom eFherewithsomeone j
. 4.EMyW MWEMWIOrlallblm ;IBePBIO,HOOHJlallteHeBCKPHKHN .'
5 CBllae'renbonHcannpoHcltlecTBHe,HeynycerHsMeabqaûlauxaeTaaei.6. Findfnurjrcupsnfsynnnymsamnnjthefcllnwinjwnrds. ' j
jrtafly).6.0HaMHnaxèo6paxaesymxa,KoTopax14MyxHHeo6aaHT(u.7
.7.newu6ezaauenpunpbtolcKyzmxonblloMaBope,Hac.qalltzlaEcbMlll4y'raMuj
ump healthy-looking m inute poke skip , ovaslxa.
sturdy hop tiny robust push 8 ousslme.q143xoMuaTbl,cuasuoxzltml@,aBepblo.
9.OTKpHxaronocyHeroc'raaxpuwlbut.'
l0 KpoBan mtq Hero 6sIna cnultlxoM KopoTxa,H ero HorH mopnaau B
7. FillinlheaiprnprialebnxeswiththewnrdsIrnmthetextrelatedlnthennesinthe npoxoae. 2
chart l1. Eroo'ruy6smopxeaa80,ou6sm xpynKuM ,1Ia ezlcna6oerw oposse...' I
12.OHanunayx acnopaccmpoenaCBOHM nposazloM HaaxaaMeue.!
Verbs Nouns Adjectives Adverbs 13.Hepaapettlai'reMaJIINHKY 'btcoebleambr0JIoBy 143OKHRBarolla- DT0:( ' '''' ,
onacuo.
big ' 14 uocaeaoxçm uaaesueocvazmcszmmscma6ste(aexczz/ae)cneaslasw-
bitter . MOGHJIBHBIXHJHH.'
. 15 M bl681.,114pa7wleeuyèecnoMyBsl3aoposzleiouonocneczloucuoîioneplull- . '
disappoint , . . :'
j.
( 'fragile 111. Fcllcw-upActivities .
gentle '*Preparetodiscussthefollowintpointsin class.
'f ''''ï' ''-'''''''''''''
,
ligbten - w oulditbecorrecttotlunkthatwhentheboysaw theweaknessofhis
teacher,theadultwoylddidn'tseem sosecttreandsolidtohim asitdidmiracle .
before?
56 ' 57
. !
.
j i

Developing strategies

Recomendados

Recomendados

Más contenido relacionado

Destacado

Destacado (20)

Similar a Developing strategies

Similar a Developing strategies (15)

Último

Último (20)

Developing strategies