A Mallory-Weiss tear is a longitudinal tear in the mucous membrane of the esophagus at the stomach junction that is caused by sudden or prolonged forceful coughing, vomiting, seizures, or cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Diagnosis is typically made through an esophagogastroduodenoscopy and by checking hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Treatment involves medications like PPIs and antiemetics, avoiding alcohol, and potential blood transfusion or endoscopic clipping if bleeding is excessive. Nursing management focuses on monitoring for signs of bleeding and educating patients about medications and avoiding alcohol use.

1. By
Reshmi unni

2.  DEFINITION
 CAUSES
 SIGNS
AND SYMPTOMS
 DIAGNOSTIC MEASURES
 MANAGEMENT
 NURSING MANAGEMENT

3. A Mallory -Weiss tear (MWT) is a longitudinal
tear in the mucous membrane of the
esophagus at the stomach junction (Gastric
cardia).

4. Sudden powerful or prolonged force due to
coughing, vomiting, seizures, prolapsed of
the stomach in to the esophagus or
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

6.  EGD
 Hemoglobin
and hematocrit values are
checked to determine amount of bleeding.

7.  Tears
usually self heal without any
intervention in several days and bleeding
stops within a few hours.
 Medications such as a PPI and an antiemetic
may be given.
 Avoid alcohol use.
 Blood transfusion, if there is excessive
bleeding.
 Bleeding
is treated with epinephrine
injection and during endoscopy hemaclips
can be placed.

8.  Monitor
for the signs of bleeding and to
report them to prevent complications from
hemorrhage.
 If excessive bleeding occurs, shock symptoms
may occur and require prompt interventions
 Teach about medications and avoidance of
alcohol use.
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