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Pam mae bwlio rhywiol yn
broblem?
Ymchwil gan DR Ellie Farmer
Cyflwynir gan Shân Jones, Cynghorydd Addysg Cymru
Hyrwyddo Perthnasau
Parchus
• Diffinio bwlio rhywiol
• Amlder
• Effeithiau
• Diwylliant o fwlio rhywiol
• Ffactorau sy’n hybu bwlio rhywiol
• Hybu diwylliant rhywiol diogel mewn ysgolion
Pam mae bwlio rhywiol yn
broblem?
Unrhyw fath o fwlio, boed hwnnw’n gorfforol neu ddim yn
gorfforol, sy’n seiliedig ar rywioldeb neu ryw unigolyn. Pan
fo bechgyn neu ferched yn defnyddio rhywioldeb neu ryw fel
arf. Gall ddigwydd yn wyneb rywun, y tu ôl i gefn rywun neu
drwy ddefnyddio technoleg.
Diffiniad
Trafod y diffiniad
• Bwriad
• Swyddogaeth
• Effaith
• Continwwm
Beth yw’r sefyllfa yng
Nghymru?
Mae diwylliant o fwlio
rhywiol yn bodoli … bob
tro y byddaf yn clywed
rhywbeth, rydw i’n synnu
ond nid felly y mae’r plant
a’r staff addysgol yn
ymateb, iddyn nhw dydy
o’n ddim byd mwy na
‘rhan o fywyd yr ysgol’
Maen nhw’n galw enwau arna i drwy’r amser
yn yr ysgol, yn enwedig “poof” a “faggot”.
Maen nhw’n rhwygo fy stwff i neu’n ei ddwyn
neu’n tynnu lluniau arno fo byth a hefyd
Stonewall (2007)
Merched sydd wedi
cael eu cam-drin yn
rhywiol yn dweud wrth
eu ffrindiau am y peth
yn gyfrinachol ac yna’n
cael eu bwlio am fod
disgyblion eraill wedi
dod i wybod
Rhywun yn anfon lluniau o bidyn disgybl hŷn
dros y ffôn symudol at ferch mewn ysgol
arbennig ar gyfer pobl â nam ar eu clyw ac
yn gwneud cynnig o ryw iddi mewn neges
testun ac ar MSN – ac yna grŵp yn rhoi
pwysau arni ar yr iard chwarae, ac yn ystod
ymweliadau â’r tŷ bach, i anfon lluniau
ohoni’i hun yn ôl neu i gael rhyw
Ymchwil
• mae 45% o ferched yn eu harddegau wedi cael rhywun yn teimlo eu pen ôl neu eu
bronnau yn erbyn eu hewyllys
• mae 38% o bobl ifanc wedi derbyn delweddau rhywiol di-groeso
• mae 37% yn clywed y gair ‘slag’ yn cael ei ddefnyddio’n aml neu drwy’r amser
• mae 65% o bobl ifanc hoyw neu ddeurywiol wedi cael profiad o fwlio homoffobig yn yr
ysgol
• mae 48% o athrawon wedi clywed cyfoedion yn defnyddio iaith rywiaethol tuag at ei
gilydd
• Os bydd disgyblion hoyw yn dweud wrth athrawon am achosion o fwlio, 62% o’r amser
nid oes dim byd yn cael ei wneud ynghylch y peth
NSPCC (2006), Neill(2006); Katz & Mcmanus (2008); Stonewall (2007)
• Mae pob unigolyn ifanc bron yn cael profiad ohono(e.e 88% o ferched, 83% o fechgyn)
• Mae profiad merched yn ymwneud mwy â sylwadau, pwysau neu ystumiau di-groeso, neu â chael eu
cyffwrdd yn ddieisiau
• Mae profiad bechgyn yn ymwneud mwy â difrïo cyfunrywiol a derbyn delweddau di-groeso
• mae’n dechrau pan mae plant yn yr ysgol gynradd
• cyfoedion nad ydynt yn ffrindiau agos sy’n gyfrifol gan amlaf
• Grwpiau risg
Merched
Y rheiny sy’n hoyw neu’n ansicr o’u rhywioldeb
Merched sy’n cyrraedd eu glasoed yn gynnar
Y rheiny sydd ag anableddau dysgu
AAUW(2001); Chiodo et al (2009); Fineran & Bennett (1999); Hands & Sanchez (2000); Renold (2002);
Timmerman (2005)
Canfyddiadau o Lenyddiaeth
Effaith
Pam mae hyn yn
broblem?
Effaith
• Addysg
• Teimladau
• Credoau a hunaniaeth
• Iechyd Meddwl
• Bywyd yn gyffredinol
• Pobl ifanc sy’n bwlio: “Dim ond jôc ydy o”
• Cyfoedion; Mae o’n normal
• Oedolion yn yr ysgol: “Fedra i ddim gwneud dim byd am y
peth”
• Dioddefwyr: “Efallai mai fi sydd ar fai
Diwylliant o Fwlio Rhywiol
Beth yw effaith ymatebion
fel hyn?
Goddef bwlio
rhywiol
Mwy o fwlio rhywiol
Teimlo’n anniogel yn yr ysgol
Peidio mynd i’r ysgol
Lefel isel o hunan-
werth
Gloes
Ormerod et al. (2008)
Meithrin Diwylliant
Cadarnhaol
Responsibilities
Schools and their staff have statutory responsibilities that
relate to bullying:
• Duty of care
• Responsibility for “safeguarding and promoting the
welfare” of pupils (Education Act 2002)
• Duty to “prevent all forms of bullying” (Education and
Inspections Act 2006)
Ffactorau sy’n hybu bwlio
rhywiol
Feeling safe from bullying
Estyn: Wellbeing
“when evaluating the extent to which pupils feel safe, …consider the extent to which pupils feel
free from physical and verbal abuse in school” KQ I: 1.2.1
Estyn: Care, Support and guidance
“impact of care, support and guidance on pupils standards and wellbeing…rather than
procedures and arrangements” KQ 2.3
“beneficial effect on vulnerable pupils… clear link to the judgements about standards and
wellbeing” KQ 2.3
“arrangements for dealing with harassment and bullying” KQ 2.3
“school provides access to a wide range of information” KQ 2:3.2
Feeling safe from bullying
Estyn: Ethos, equality and diversity
“establishing a school ethos that is inclusive” KQ 2:4.1
“promotes the prevention and elimination of oppressive behaviour, including
bullying, sexism, racism and homophobia” KQ 2.4.1
“monitors and addresses any related issues or complaints that arise”KQ 2.4.1
Estyn: Effectiveness of safeguarding procedures
“Ascertain whether the school has appropriate policies and procedures in place in
respect of safeguarding”
Mynd i’r afael â bwlio rhywiol
• Cydnabod bwlio rhywiol
• Hybu perthnasoedd sy’n dangos parch
• Herio bwlio rhywiol
• Cefnogi dioddefwyr bwlio rhywiol
Meysydd allweddol:
• Polisïau’r ysgol
• Ymdriniaeth o ddydd i ddydd – agweddau a gwithredoedd
• Hyfforddi staff
• ABCh
• Pan welwch fwlio rhywiol, dywedwch wrth staff a
disgyblion mai dyna beth ydyw a’i alw wrth ei enw
• Cofnodwch
• Dysgwch egwyddorion cydraddoldeb rhywiol,
amrywiaeth a ffeministiaeth ar draws y cwricwlwm a
herio gwrthrychioli
Cydnabod bwlio rhywiol
Hybu perthnasoedd sy’n
dangos parch
• Creu cynlluniau yn yr ysgol sy’n helpu i feithrin y gallu i feddwl am bobl eraill
• Cynnwys ymarferion chwarae rôl a chyfweliadau sy’n rhoi sylw, drwy brofiad,
i’r teimladau cadarnhaol sy’n rhan o “wir barch” yn ABCh
Fonagy et al. (2009); McAdam & Lang (2009)
Herio
• Mae peidio â’i herio cyfystyr â bod yn rhan ohono
• Sgyrsiau bob dydd
• Defnyddiwch y gwasanaeth ac ABCh
• Anogwch oedolion eraill i wneud yr un peth
• Lluniwch a defnyddiwch system gosbi glir ar gyfer bwlio rhywiol
• Sicrhewch eich bod yn rhoi negeseuon clir i’r staff a bod trefn
hysbysu glir ar waith gennych
Importance of records
• Schools should use incident records to:
• Manage bullying incidents - ability to reference previous behaviour
• Analyse for patterns
• Monitor effectiveness of actions to determine policy / strategies
• Address complaints made
• Identify “vulnerable pupils” and provide information determine nature of support needed
• Provide reports to governors, staff, parents / carers, pupils and local authorities
• Provide evidence for Estyn
Cefnogi
• Cefnogwch y rheiny sy’n rhoi gwybod am fwlio rhywiol, a chydnabod ei
effaith
• Hwyluswch gynlluniau cefnogaeth gan gyfoedion
• Rhwydwaith gymdeithasol ar gyfer mentora cyfoedion
• Darparu cwnselwyr yn yr ysgol
Beth nesaf?
• Dogfen ganllaw 10 pwynt Womankind Worldwide a’r NSPCC i
stopio bwlio rhywiol mewn lleoliadau addysgol
• Canllawiau Gwrth-fwlio Llywodraeth Cynulliad Cymru
Further support
If you need further advice or support on any child protection
matter, contact:
• NSPCC Helpline on 0808 800 5000
• This is a free 24-hour service which provides counselling,
information and advice to anyone concerned about a child
at risk of abuse.
• Alternatively visit http://www.nspcc.org.uk/inform
• Shan Jones, Education Advisor, Tel: 020 3188 3613 or via
email on shanjones@nspcc.org.uk

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Shan Jones - Keynote - Welsh

  • 1. Pam mae bwlio rhywiol yn broblem? Ymchwil gan DR Ellie Farmer Cyflwynir gan Shân Jones, Cynghorydd Addysg Cymru Hyrwyddo Perthnasau Parchus
  • 2. • Diffinio bwlio rhywiol • Amlder • Effeithiau • Diwylliant o fwlio rhywiol • Ffactorau sy’n hybu bwlio rhywiol • Hybu diwylliant rhywiol diogel mewn ysgolion Pam mae bwlio rhywiol yn broblem?
  • 3. Unrhyw fath o fwlio, boed hwnnw’n gorfforol neu ddim yn gorfforol, sy’n seiliedig ar rywioldeb neu ryw unigolyn. Pan fo bechgyn neu ferched yn defnyddio rhywioldeb neu ryw fel arf. Gall ddigwydd yn wyneb rywun, y tu ôl i gefn rywun neu drwy ddefnyddio technoleg. Diffiniad
  • 4. Trafod y diffiniad • Bwriad • Swyddogaeth • Effaith • Continwwm
  • 5. Beth yw’r sefyllfa yng Nghymru? Mae diwylliant o fwlio rhywiol yn bodoli … bob tro y byddaf yn clywed rhywbeth, rydw i’n synnu ond nid felly y mae’r plant a’r staff addysgol yn ymateb, iddyn nhw dydy o’n ddim byd mwy na ‘rhan o fywyd yr ysgol’ Maen nhw’n galw enwau arna i drwy’r amser yn yr ysgol, yn enwedig “poof” a “faggot”. Maen nhw’n rhwygo fy stwff i neu’n ei ddwyn neu’n tynnu lluniau arno fo byth a hefyd Stonewall (2007) Merched sydd wedi cael eu cam-drin yn rhywiol yn dweud wrth eu ffrindiau am y peth yn gyfrinachol ac yna’n cael eu bwlio am fod disgyblion eraill wedi dod i wybod Rhywun yn anfon lluniau o bidyn disgybl hŷn dros y ffôn symudol at ferch mewn ysgol arbennig ar gyfer pobl â nam ar eu clyw ac yn gwneud cynnig o ryw iddi mewn neges testun ac ar MSN – ac yna grŵp yn rhoi pwysau arni ar yr iard chwarae, ac yn ystod ymweliadau â’r tŷ bach, i anfon lluniau ohoni’i hun yn ôl neu i gael rhyw
  • 6. Ymchwil • mae 45% o ferched yn eu harddegau wedi cael rhywun yn teimlo eu pen ôl neu eu bronnau yn erbyn eu hewyllys • mae 38% o bobl ifanc wedi derbyn delweddau rhywiol di-groeso • mae 37% yn clywed y gair ‘slag’ yn cael ei ddefnyddio’n aml neu drwy’r amser • mae 65% o bobl ifanc hoyw neu ddeurywiol wedi cael profiad o fwlio homoffobig yn yr ysgol • mae 48% o athrawon wedi clywed cyfoedion yn defnyddio iaith rywiaethol tuag at ei gilydd • Os bydd disgyblion hoyw yn dweud wrth athrawon am achosion o fwlio, 62% o’r amser nid oes dim byd yn cael ei wneud ynghylch y peth NSPCC (2006), Neill(2006); Katz & Mcmanus (2008); Stonewall (2007)
  • 7. • Mae pob unigolyn ifanc bron yn cael profiad ohono(e.e 88% o ferched, 83% o fechgyn) • Mae profiad merched yn ymwneud mwy â sylwadau, pwysau neu ystumiau di-groeso, neu â chael eu cyffwrdd yn ddieisiau • Mae profiad bechgyn yn ymwneud mwy â difrïo cyfunrywiol a derbyn delweddau di-groeso • mae’n dechrau pan mae plant yn yr ysgol gynradd • cyfoedion nad ydynt yn ffrindiau agos sy’n gyfrifol gan amlaf • Grwpiau risg Merched Y rheiny sy’n hoyw neu’n ansicr o’u rhywioldeb Merched sy’n cyrraedd eu glasoed yn gynnar Y rheiny sydd ag anableddau dysgu AAUW(2001); Chiodo et al (2009); Fineran & Bennett (1999); Hands & Sanchez (2000); Renold (2002); Timmerman (2005) Canfyddiadau o Lenyddiaeth
  • 9. Pam mae hyn yn broblem?
  • 10. Effaith • Addysg • Teimladau • Credoau a hunaniaeth • Iechyd Meddwl • Bywyd yn gyffredinol
  • 11. • Pobl ifanc sy’n bwlio: “Dim ond jôc ydy o” • Cyfoedion; Mae o’n normal • Oedolion yn yr ysgol: “Fedra i ddim gwneud dim byd am y peth” • Dioddefwyr: “Efallai mai fi sydd ar fai Diwylliant o Fwlio Rhywiol
  • 12. Beth yw effaith ymatebion fel hyn? Goddef bwlio rhywiol Mwy o fwlio rhywiol Teimlo’n anniogel yn yr ysgol Peidio mynd i’r ysgol Lefel isel o hunan- werth Gloes Ormerod et al. (2008)
  • 14. Responsibilities Schools and their staff have statutory responsibilities that relate to bullying: • Duty of care • Responsibility for “safeguarding and promoting the welfare” of pupils (Education Act 2002) • Duty to “prevent all forms of bullying” (Education and Inspections Act 2006)
  • 15. Ffactorau sy’n hybu bwlio rhywiol
  • 16. Feeling safe from bullying Estyn: Wellbeing “when evaluating the extent to which pupils feel safe, …consider the extent to which pupils feel free from physical and verbal abuse in school” KQ I: 1.2.1 Estyn: Care, Support and guidance “impact of care, support and guidance on pupils standards and wellbeing…rather than procedures and arrangements” KQ 2.3 “beneficial effect on vulnerable pupils… clear link to the judgements about standards and wellbeing” KQ 2.3 “arrangements for dealing with harassment and bullying” KQ 2.3 “school provides access to a wide range of information” KQ 2:3.2
  • 17. Feeling safe from bullying Estyn: Ethos, equality and diversity “establishing a school ethos that is inclusive” KQ 2:4.1 “promotes the prevention and elimination of oppressive behaviour, including bullying, sexism, racism and homophobia” KQ 2.4.1 “monitors and addresses any related issues or complaints that arise”KQ 2.4.1 Estyn: Effectiveness of safeguarding procedures “Ascertain whether the school has appropriate policies and procedures in place in respect of safeguarding”
  • 18. Mynd i’r afael â bwlio rhywiol • Cydnabod bwlio rhywiol • Hybu perthnasoedd sy’n dangos parch • Herio bwlio rhywiol • Cefnogi dioddefwyr bwlio rhywiol Meysydd allweddol: • Polisïau’r ysgol • Ymdriniaeth o ddydd i ddydd – agweddau a gwithredoedd • Hyfforddi staff • ABCh
  • 19. • Pan welwch fwlio rhywiol, dywedwch wrth staff a disgyblion mai dyna beth ydyw a’i alw wrth ei enw • Cofnodwch • Dysgwch egwyddorion cydraddoldeb rhywiol, amrywiaeth a ffeministiaeth ar draws y cwricwlwm a herio gwrthrychioli Cydnabod bwlio rhywiol
  • 20. Hybu perthnasoedd sy’n dangos parch • Creu cynlluniau yn yr ysgol sy’n helpu i feithrin y gallu i feddwl am bobl eraill • Cynnwys ymarferion chwarae rôl a chyfweliadau sy’n rhoi sylw, drwy brofiad, i’r teimladau cadarnhaol sy’n rhan o “wir barch” yn ABCh Fonagy et al. (2009); McAdam & Lang (2009)
  • 21. Herio • Mae peidio â’i herio cyfystyr â bod yn rhan ohono • Sgyrsiau bob dydd • Defnyddiwch y gwasanaeth ac ABCh • Anogwch oedolion eraill i wneud yr un peth • Lluniwch a defnyddiwch system gosbi glir ar gyfer bwlio rhywiol • Sicrhewch eich bod yn rhoi negeseuon clir i’r staff a bod trefn hysbysu glir ar waith gennych
  • 22. Importance of records • Schools should use incident records to: • Manage bullying incidents - ability to reference previous behaviour • Analyse for patterns • Monitor effectiveness of actions to determine policy / strategies • Address complaints made • Identify “vulnerable pupils” and provide information determine nature of support needed • Provide reports to governors, staff, parents / carers, pupils and local authorities • Provide evidence for Estyn
  • 23. Cefnogi • Cefnogwch y rheiny sy’n rhoi gwybod am fwlio rhywiol, a chydnabod ei effaith • Hwyluswch gynlluniau cefnogaeth gan gyfoedion • Rhwydwaith gymdeithasol ar gyfer mentora cyfoedion • Darparu cwnselwyr yn yr ysgol
  • 24. Beth nesaf? • Dogfen ganllaw 10 pwynt Womankind Worldwide a’r NSPCC i stopio bwlio rhywiol mewn lleoliadau addysgol • Canllawiau Gwrth-fwlio Llywodraeth Cynulliad Cymru
  • 25. Further support If you need further advice or support on any child protection matter, contact: • NSPCC Helpline on 0808 800 5000 • This is a free 24-hour service which provides counselling, information and advice to anyone concerned about a child at risk of abuse. • Alternatively visit http://www.nspcc.org.uk/inform • Shan Jones, Education Advisor, Tel: 020 3188 3613 or via email on shanjones@nspcc.org.uk