1. The logical framework approach and the writing of proposals March 25, 2003

2. GENERAL REMARKS

4. Identify the project idea Project Demand from the community Available resources Needs as defined by experts

6. LOGICAL FRAMEWORK APPROACH

8. The Logical Framework Matrix

9. The logframe and the project cycle * NGO’s mandate * NGO thematic/geo. orientations * outcome : Programme strategy * pre-feasibility project studies * outcome : decision YES/NO * all significant aspects of the idea are studied * outcome : logical framework * fundraising strategy * proposal writing for donors * outcome : financing contract(s) * the agreed resources are used to achieve the project purpose * reports / contract amendments * outcome : decision to continue as planned or re-orient the project * relevance and and fulfilment of objectives * outcome : how to use results in future programming

15. 1. Problem analysis EFFECTS CAUSES The system receives no maintenance The irrigation system is faulty Some irrigation structures have been destroyed Support services for farmers are not available in the area The farmers have no investment capacity Rice production is insufficient for the population of village x Agricultural practices are unsuitable Problem tree

16. 1. Problem analysis Identifying stakeholders PUBLIC PRIVATE MICRO MACRO Farmers Agric. Ext. services MoA FAO Farmers’groups NGO Irrigation Dept . Fertiliser suppliers

17. 2. Analysis of objectives Problems Objectives Transforming Problems into Objectives Rice production is insufficient for the population of village x The irrigation system is faulty Agricultural practices are unsuitable The system receives no maintenance Some irrigation structures have been destroyed Support services for farmers are not available Farmers do not have investment capacity Rice production is sufficient for the population of village x The irrigation system is working Agricultural practices are appropriate The system receives proper maintenance Support services for farmers are available Damaged irrigation structures are repaired Farmers have the resources to invest

18. 2. Analysis of objectives Objectives’ tree MEANS ENDS Rice production is sufficient for the population of village x The irrigation system is working Agricultural practices are appropriate The system receives proper maintenance Damaged irrigation structures are repaired Support services for farmers are available Farmers have the resources to invest

20. 3. Analysis of strategy SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE (or project purpose) EXPECTED RESULTS OVERALL OBJECTIVE CHOSEN STRATEGY Rice production is sufficient for the population of village x The irrigation system is working Agricultural practices are appropriate The system receives proper maintenance Damaged irrigation structures are repaired Support services for farmers are available Farmers have the resources to invest

21. 4. The log-frame

22. Levels of objectives The broader impact(s) to which your project will contribute to, but will not enable to reach entirely The outcome of your project, what should be achieved at the enf of the project. Specific outputs which will contribute to the realisation of your project purpose Concrete activities that will be undertaken during the project Project Purpose Expected Results Activities Overall Objective(s) 4. The log-frame

25. Selection of sources of verification Administrative/ financial report Management report Monitoring data Adapted monitoring statistics Interviews of beneficiaries Specialised surveys Complexity Cost 4. The log-frame

27. Is the RISK important to your project? Yes No What is its probability? Ignore Almost certain Unlikely Fairly Unlikely Can the project strategy be modified to eliminate the risk? Yes No Modify strategy, add activities STOP the project Formulate an assumption Risks/Assumptions 4. The log-frame

28. Intervention logic of project + Assumptions IN OUT Overall objective Project Purpose Results Activities + + + Assumptions Assumptions Assumptions Pre-conditions If the activities are carried out, and if assumptions are valid, then ... 4. The log-frame

29. Logical framework 5. Activity-planning Plan of action Activities

30. 5. Resource-planning Plan of action Means/Budget Travel etc. Material/ Equipment Human resources Budget Means:

34. WRITING PROJECT PROPOSAL

67. CASE STUDY