This document provides an introduction and overview for a course on mobile application development using Android. The course will cover topics like the Android UI, activities, intents, views, fragments, data storage, networking, sensors, graphics, and publishing apps on Google Play. It lists recommended textbooks and the prerequisites of having the Android SDK, Java, and an Android device or emulator. It also gives background on Android including its open source nature, architecture, history and versions.

1. Introduction to Android
Lecture# 1
Instructor: Rida Zahra

2. Text Books
1.Professional Android Application development, Reto Meier, Wrox Programmer to
Programmer, 2015
2.Android Programming: The big nerd ranch Guide, Conway, J. hillegass, A., & Keur, C.,
5th edition
3.iOS Programming: The big nerd ranch Guide, Phillips, B. & Hardy, B., 2nd Edition,
2014

3. Course Details
Course Title: Mobile Application Development
Course Code: CS-366

4. Course Outline
Introduction to Android
Android UI
Activities and Intents
Dynamic Views
Fragments
User Navigation
Data Storage
Networking
Sensors
Graphics and Multimedia
Google Play and App Development

5. Prerequisites
Android SDK
Java Runtime Environment
Preferred Android IDE
Android Device or Emulator
Basic knowledge of programming concepts and implementations

6. Android Ecosystem and Versions
Over 18k distinct Android devices
Screen resolutions varying from approximately 120 dpi or dots per inch to ~ 640 dpi
Over 80% of Android devices are running Android Jelly Bean version (4.1.x) or above
Over 40% of devices are Samsung devices (of devices surveyed)
Data gathered from Android developer dashboard, OpenSignal Aug 2014 report

7. How Mobile Computing paradigm is already
here?

8. What is a Mobile App ?
“Software applications that run on mobile devices, principally smartphones and tablet computers “

9. What is Mobile App Market ?
It is a portal or a repository from where applications can be downloaded and installed on mobile devices.
Android Market tops 4 million apps while Apple App Store has reached 25 billion downloads count !

10. Stats about Why Android is Important for
developers

11. Android is based on:
Linux 2.6 Kernel, providing
Memory management
Security
Process management
Network stack
Driver model
Abstraction layer

12. Open Handset Alliance (OHA)
Mobile Operators Handset Manufacturers
Semiconductor Companies Software Companies Commercialization Companies

13. First Android Mobile
The first commercially available phone running Android was the HTC Dream (also known as the T-
Mobile G1).

14. What is Android?
• Android delivers a complete set of software for mobile
devices
Operating System
Middleware
Key mobile applications
:Open
• Breaking down Application Boundaries
• Fast & Easy Application Development

15. History of Android
2001 search service for wireless device
2005
Acquire Android(Andy Rubin: Danger CEO, Development Sidekick of T-Mobile)
Acquire Skia(2D Graphics for mobile device)
Acquire RegWireless(Browser and Email for mobile device)
Move Engineers from PlamSource(Dianne Hackborn, etc…)
2007 Nov 5: Android announced
2007 Nov 12: Android SDK released by OHA
2007 Dec 14: Bug-fix SDK released
2008 Jan 3: Android Developer Challenge I starts accepting submissions
2008 Feb 13: m5-rc15 SDK released
2008 Apr 14: 1788 total submissions for Challenge I
2008 May 12: Top 50 Applications in Challenge I announced
2008 Nov: Android Phone(G1 Phone by HTC/T-mobile)
2008 Nov: Full Source Open
2009 Apr: HTC Magic
2009 July: HTC Hero, Samsung i7500, Android Netbook, Set-top……
2009 Aug: Android Developer Challenge II

16. Android Versions
Android 1.0 : Where it all began with launch of G1 on 22nd
October, 2008
Android 1.5 “Cupcake” : We saw the first touchscreen-only phone on the market
Android 1.6 “Donut” : Android was capable of running on a variety of screen resolutions and aspect ratios
Android 2.0/2.1 “Eclair” : Droid was by far the most powerful Android handset the world had seen at that point
& introduced improved Navigation on Google Map
Android 2.2 “Froyo” : Home screen improved
Android 2.3 “Gingerbread” : Improved Keyboard, Support for multiple cameras and granular control over copy
and paste
Android 3.0 “Honeycomb” : Targeted Tablets, death of physical buttons and new paradigm for app layout.
Android 4.0 “Ice Cream Sandwich” : Android Beam, Face unlock.
Android 4.1 “Jelly Bean” : Platform Development Kit
Android KitKat 4.4 - 4.4.4
Android Lollipop 5.0 – 5.1.1
Android Marshmallow 6.0 – 6.0.1
Android Nougat 7.0- 7.1.2
Android Oreo 8.0 – 8.1
Android Pie 9.0
Android 10

17. Open Source
Users
Industry Developer
Users
• Users have control of
their experience
• They control what gets
installed
• They choose the defaults
Industry
• Software stack open-
sourced under Apache
2.0 license
• Source available after
first handsets ship
• Anyone will be able to
build a system image
Developer
• Don not need
permission to ship an
application
• No hidden or privileged
framework APIs
• Can integrate, extend
and replace existing
components

18. A developer can:
Integrate Extend Replace

19. Android Architecture

20. Linux Kernel
• Android OS is built on top of the Linux 2.6 Kernel
– Linux Core functionality
• Memory management
• Process management
• Networking
• Security settings
– Hardware drivers
l

21. Libraries
• Android’s native libraries.
– Libc: c standard lib.
– SSL: Secure Socket Layer
– SGL: 2D image engine
– OpenGL|ES: 3D image engine
– Media Framework: media codecs
– SQLite: Database engine
– WebKit: Kernel of web browser
– FreeType: Bitmap and Vector
– SufraceManager: Compose window manager with
off-screen buffering.

22. Android Runtime
• Core Libraries
– Provides the functionality of the JAVA
Programming Language
• Dalvik VM
– A type of Java Virtual Machine
– Register based (not stack machine like JVM)
– Optimization for low memory requirements
– Executes .dex (Dalvik-Executable) files instead
of .class
– DX tool converts classes to .dex format
Each Android application:
• runs on its own Process
• runs on its own Instance of Dalvik VM
• is assigned its own Linux user ID

23. Application Framework
• The blocks that our applications directly interact with.
• Important blocks:
– Activity Manager: Manages the activity life cycle of applications
– Content Providers: Manage the data sharing between applications
– Telephony Manager: Manages all voice calls. We use telephony
manager if we want to access voice calls in our application.
– Location Manager: Location management, using GPS or cell tower
– Resource Manager: Manage the various types of resources we use in
our Application

24. Applications
This is where our applications are placed.
Some pre-installed applications:
– SMS client app
– Dialer
– Web browser
– Contact manager
• As developers, we are able to write an app which replaces
any existing system app.
• No compulsory applications
• Equality among apps
• Easily embedded web browser
• Parallel running

25. App Development in Android
Design applications for a variety of devices
Build anything from 3D games to social networks
Use a diverse set of information in your apps including location, movement, touch interactions, images, sounds,
and much more
Release an preview version of your application to a select group of users
Deploy your applications to the Google play store and make it available to millions of users
Collect actual user data to upgrade and add new features to your application

26. Android SDK
SDK – Software Development Kit Provides tools to create, develop, debug, analyze and enhance Android
applications including:
. Android emulators – to test your software on a simulation of a wide range of configurations, screen sizes, and
resolutions.
Debugging tools – to help you find the issues in your applications and fix them as quickly as possible.
Analyzing and Optimizing tools – so that once you build your application you can optimize it to reach its full
potential in speed and performance.
Code Samples: There is also lots of documentation and actual Android source code available in the Android
SDK so you can learn from the actual developers of Android about naming conventions and code syntax.

27. Android Studio
Based on JetBrains IntelliJ IDEA software
Designed specifically for Android development
Currently offers features including
WYSIWYG Editor with real-time app rendering
Gradle-based build support
Lint tools to catch performance, usability, version compatibility and other problems
Template-based wizards to create common Android designs and components
ProGuard and app-signing capabilities
Now the official Android IDE (integrated development environment)

28. Android Studio Keyboard Shortcuts
CTRL+SHIFT+A – Command look-up
ALT+ENTER – Quick fix
CTRL+ALT+L – Reformat code
CTRL+Q – Show documents
CTRL+P – Show method params
ALT+Insert – Generate method
F4 – Jump to source
CTRL+Y – Delete line
CTRL+ALT+SHIFT+N – Search symbol
CTRL+F9 – Build
SHIFT+F10 – Build and run
ALT+1 – Toggle project visibility
ALT+left-arrow or ALT+right-arrow – Navigate open tabs
ALT+F8 – Evaluate Expression
CTRL+mouse-click – Drill Down

29. Install Android Studio
System Requirements
Microsoft® Windows® 8/7/Vista/2003 (32 or 64-bit) or Mac® OS X® 10.8.5 or higher, up to 10.9 (Mavericks) or
GNOME or KDE desktop
2 GB RAM minimum, 4 GB RAM recommended
400 MB hard disk space + at least 1 G for Android SDK, emulator system images, and caches
1280 x 800 minimum screen resolution
Java Development Kit (JDK) 7
Android Studio can be downloaded from http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html

30. Course Outline
Introduction to Android
Android UI
Activities and Intents
Dynamic Views
Fragments
User Navigation
Data Storage
Networking
Sensors
Graphics and Multimedia
Google Play and App Development