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LONGYOU CAVES – I
Subterranean Palace for fear of a Comet
(Zhejiang province, China, c.1200 BC)
Dr. R.M. de Jonge ©, drsrmdejonge@hotmail.com
June, 2014
Summary
The Longyou Caves are located in Shiyan Beicun on the Qiantang River. The 24 man-made
Caverns have a total volume of at least half a million cubic meter. They may be considered as
a monument for the worldwide Comet Catastrophe (or Flood) in the Sixth Dynasty of Egypt
during the reign of the 1st king Teti. The Site shows the original world population was 4.8
million men, but 2.6 million perished (54%), and 2.2 million people survived. There was a
precipitation of 9 meters of water during 2+2= 4 months. It ended all ancient civilizations on
Earth. – However, in the first place the Caves were constructed as a subterranean palace for
the King and the Royal Court for their necessary protection during the return of this Comet.
The Longyou Caves were probably built when this happened, c.1200 BC.
Introduction
Zhejiang, formerly romanized as Chekiang or Che-Keang, is an eastern coastal province of
the People's Republic of China. The word Zhejiang means zigzagging river and was the old
name of the Qiantang River, which passes through Hangzhou, the provincial capital. In 1992
Caves were discovered along this river in Longyou County, Quzhou prefecture. This county
has a diameter of c.40 km, and about 400 thousand inhabitants.
The Longyou Caves are located at Phoenix Hill near the village of Shiyan Beicun on the nor-
thern bank of this river. They were discovered by pumping out water from deep ponds. Previ-
ously these ponds were believed to be natural, but the Caverns below their surface turned out
to be artificial. They were clearly man-made, completely carved out of the siltstone bedrock!
Simple data are difficult to obtain, but a few facts are known. All Caves are large, but their
sizes vary. Their average diameter appears to be roughly 30 m, their ground surface area circa
30x30= 900 m2
, and their average volume about 30x30x30= 27,000 m3
. Most of them have
the shape of large halls, and more or less resemble each other. - A total number of 24 Caves
are situated on Phoenix Hill, on a surface area of only 1.0 km2
. Three clusters, each of 8 Ca-
ves, are oriented SE-NW on the higher parts of the Hill. (Refs.1,36-38)
Fig.1 Longyou Caves (Shiyan Beicun, Zhejiang province, c.1200 BC)
Early History of China
The Phaistos Disc of Crete (Greece) dates from 1458 BC. It reports that the 3rd king Djer (c.-
3043-3012 BC) and the 4th king Djet (c.3035-3012 BC) of the First Dynasty of Egypt disco-
vered the coasts around the South Chinese Sea. These coasts include the South Coast of China
from Taiwan to Vietnam, as well as the island of Hainan.
The Disc emphasizes that the East Coast of China was not reached before the start of the
Fourth Dynasty, c.2678 BC. This is quite remarkable, because it is more than three centuries la-
ter. – It further states that the 5th king Menkaure (Mycerinos, c.2580-2562 BC) of this dynasty
sailed along the East Coast to the north and discovered Japan and America via the Bering Sea. –
Without any doubt the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt greatly influenced the rise of the ancient civili-
zation in China. (Ref.19)
The Longyou Caves have several features, which clearly refer to the Fourth Dynasty. The ver-
tical pillars in the background of Fig.1, but especially in Figs.2&3, appear to have square
cross sections, which are typical for this particular Dynasty. The whole Cave in Fig.2 has a
rectangular cross section, which confirms it. Squares and rectangles have four equal angles (of
90°), which were popular geometrical shapes in this time period. (Ref.34)
All walls are carved in horizontal bands between parallel lines, as clearly shown in Figs.-
2,3&4. They refer to all the latitude lines on the surface of the planet Earth, 90 on the North-
ern Hemisphere and 90 on the Southern Hemisphere. They refer to the Old Kingdom of
Egypt, when (almost) all the land on Earth was discovered. - Latitudes were already known
c.4800 BC, as shown in the monument of Barnénez, Brittany, France. (Refs.2-9)
Comet Catastrophe
The height of the horizontal bands seems to be c.600 mm (Fig.4). In antiquity geographic dis-
tances were expressed in moiras (1 moira= 1° of latitude= 111 km). So, this height of 600
mm= 600/111= 5.4 micromoiras. This is a number between 5 and 6, which appears to refer to
the dramatic events between the Fifth and the Sixth Dynasties of Egypt. A huge Comet Ca-
tastrophe (or Flood) occurred, which would lead to the end of the Old Kingdom.
The carved, vertical strokes in the bands appear to make an angle of 60° with the horizontal li-
nes (Fig.4). They refer to the start of the Sixth Dynasty, the last one of the Old Kingdom. It
confirms the worldwide Comet Catastrophe in c.2344 BC, just mentioned (tree-ring dating). -
The length/width ratio of the strokes equals 10, possibly referring to the 1st king Teti of this
dynasty, when it happened.
The village of Shiyan Beicun is located on the northern bank of the Qiantang River. It is situ-
ated opposite the western end of the island of Xiazhang Jiabucun (Fig.5). This island has the
shape of a Comet! - The separate Head of the Comet is shown at the eastern end (opposite
Baidiwei, not shown on this map). The big Tail points to the west. The location of Shiyan
Beicun shows the planet Earth passed through the huge Tail of this Comet. – The length of the
whole island of Xiazhang Jiabucun equals 6.66 km= 6.66/1.11= 6.0 centimoiras. It confirms
the Comet Catastrophe happened in the Sixth Dynasty. (Refs.10-13)
Fig.2 Longyou Caves (Shiyan Beicun, Zhejiang province, c.1200 BC)
Date of Disaster
The Longyou Caves are located at a latitude of 29°N, which is 29-23= 6° above the holy
Tropic of Cancer (Sun religion). [On midsummer day the Sun is at right angles above. The
slow northerly movement of the Sun turns into a southerly movement. So, people believe in
the SunGod Ra.] It refers to the Sixth Dynasty, the last one of the Old Kingdom. Its comple-
mentary latitude of 90-29= 61°N refers to the 1st king Teti (c.2370-2338 BC) of this Dynasty
(60+1). In antiquity the use of complementary latitudes was very common. The Comet Cata-
strophe of c.2344 BC happened during his reign.
The Qiantang River flows to the Bay of Hangzhou, at 30°N. Its complementary latitude of 90-
30= 60°N refers to the Sixth Dynasty when the Comet Catastrophe occurred. This Bay is lo-
cated 30-29= 1° above the Longyou Caves, confirming the 1st king Teti when it happened.
The meridian, or North-South line of the Site runs along the Bay of Haizhou, Jiangsu, 35-29=
6° above the Longyou Caves, confirming the Sixth Dynasty. This Bay is located 36-35= 1°
below the capital of Anyang, Henan, at the level of the Bay of Quingdao, Shandong, confir-
ming the 1st king Teti when it happened.
The meridian leaves the Bay of Laizhou, Shandong, 37-36= 1° above the capital of Anyang,
Henan, confirming the 1st king Teti when it happened. It crosses the Luan He River, Tang-
shan Area, 40+20= 60° above the north coast of Australia, at 20°S, confirming the Sixth Dy-
nasty.
Penglai, the North Cape of Shandong Peninsula, at 38°N, is located 38-32= 6° above the im-
portant Chang Jiang River, at 32°N, confirming the Sixth Dynasty. The south cape of Dalian
Peninsula, at 39°N, is located 39-38= 1° above it, confirming the 1st king Teti when it hap-
pened.
The meridian of the Longyou Caves crosses the Lena River, Russia, at 60°N, 60-50= 10°
above the Argun River, on the border of Mongolia and Russia, which confirms it happened
during the reign of the 1st king Teti of the Sixth Dynasty. – It crosses the Olenëk River, Rus-
sia, 70-10= 60° above Palawan Island, Philippines, confirming it. This long island has the sha-
pe of a Comet! Its latitude, at 10°N, refers to the 1st king Teti, when the Comet Catastrophe
occurred. (Refs.14-18)
Fig.3 Longyou Caves (Shiyan Beicun, Zhejiang province, c.1200 BC)
(Courtesy: Ref.1)
Duration
The Longyou Caves are located at a latitude of 29°N. It encodes the 29 days of a month. The
carved, vertical strokes in the bands make an angle of 60° with the horizontal lines (Fig.4).
So, the planet Earth was inside the Tail of the Comet for 60 days, or two months. The falling
rocks caused huge forest fires, and the melting ice of the Comet caused torential rains. There
were huge foodings everywhere. It was completely dark on Earth. This period was probably
the worst.
Below the bands are two horizontal lines. So, it was a two-stage-event. – After the first stage
the planet Earth left the Tail of the Comet, but the second stage also lasted for 60 days, or two
months. The whole climate on Earth was completely disrupted. The torrential rains continued,
but it also became bitterly cold. So, these rains were changing in ferrocious snow and hail
storms. The huge floodings continued, and many people died from starvation.
The height of the vertical strokes equals four times the height of the two horizontal lines
(Fig.4). It confirms the whole Disaster lasted for 2+2= 4 months. The vertical pillars in Figs.-
2&3 have square cross sections, with four equal sides and angles, confirming it, again.
The Qiantang River flows to the Bay of Hangzhou, at 30°N. It confirms the 30 days of the
month. Its complementary latitude of 90-30= 60°N confirms the duration of each stage, 60
days, or two months. The meridian, or North-South line of the Site runs to the Lena River,
Russia, at 60°N, confirming it.
The Caves are located at a distance of 222 km= 2 moiras from the East Coast of China at this
latitude. It confirms the Comet Catastrophe was a two-stage-event, with each stage lasting two
months. Shanghai Peninsula is located 31-29= 2° higher, confirming it.
The meridian of the Site leaves the SE Coast of Fujian, Strait of Formosa, at the level of the
north coast of Taiwan, 29-25= 4° below the Caves, confirming the 4 months duration of the
Calamity. It runs to the Argun River on the border of Mongolia and Russia, 50-10= 40° above
Palawan Island, Philippines, confirming it. This long island has the shape of a Comet! - The
complementary latitude of the Argun River, at 90-50= 40°N, confirms it, again.
The meridian of the Site runs to the Bay of Laizhou, Shandong, 37-25= 12° above the SE Co-
ast of Fujian, confirming the duration of the Comet Catastrophe, 4x30= c.120 days. It leaves
the South Coast of Australia, 34.5+25= c.60° below the coast of Fujian, confirming the 60
days duration of each stage. It hits the North Coast of this continent at 20°S, confirming the
two-stage-event, with each stage lasting 2 months. This Coast is located 90+20= 110° below
the North Pole, confirming the real duration of the worldwide Comet Catastrophe, 110 days,
which is slightly less than mentioned previously. (Refs.18-24)
Fig.4 The wall decoration in the Longyou Caves
(Shiyan Beicun, Zhejiang province, c.1200 BC - Courtesy T. Newman)
Casualties
The Qiantang River flows to the Bay of Hangzhou, at 30°N. The holy Tropic of Cancer, at
23°N, is 30-23= 7° to the south. So, before the Comet Catastrophe there were millions of peo-
ple on Earth (a number of 7 figures). - The meridian of the Site leaves the SE Coast of Fujian,
at 25°N, which is 73-25= 48° below the Bay of the Olenëk River, Laptev Sea, Russia, enco-
ding a world population before the Flood of 4.8 million men. It is the north coast of the conti-
nent, at 73°N.
The SE Coast of Fujian is located 32-25= 7° below the important Chang Jiang River, sugges-
ting millions of casualties (a number of 7 figures). The meridian runs to the Min Jiang River
near Fuzhou, Fujian, at 26°N, encoding 2.6 million casualties (54%). It is the important lati-
tude of the “Valley of the Kings”, at the “Knee” of the River Nile, Egypt. It is located 26-25=
1° higher than the SE Coast of Fujian, referring to the 1st king Teti, when it happened.
The holy Arctic Circle, at 67°N is 67-60= 7° above the Lena River, Russia, confirming the
millions of victims (a number of 7 figures). It is the northernmost line the Sun still shines at
midwinter day (Sun religion). - The meridian crosses the Viljuj River, Russia, at 63.5°N.
When rounded off to 63°N, it is located 63-37= 26° above the Bay of Laizhou, Shandong, at
37°N, confirming the 2.6 million victims. When rounded off to 64°N, its complementary
latitude of 90-64= 26°N confirms this number. It is located 64-10= 54° above Palawan Island,
Philippines, confirming the percentage of victims, 54%.
The capital of Anyang, Henan, and the Bay of Quingdao, Shandong, are located 36-29= 7°
above the Longyou Caves, confirming the millions of casualties (a number of 7 figures). The-
se places are 36-10= 26° above Palawan Island, Philippines, at 10°N, confirming the 2.6 milli-
on casualties of the Flood. This island has the shape of a Comet!
Anyang and Quingdao are located at 36°N. It symbolizes the circumference of the planet
Earth of 36 Moiras, or 360°. It shows the Comet Catastrophe of the Sixth Dynasty was a
worldwide Disaster. The complementary latitude of 90-36= 54°N confirms the percentage of
casualties, 54%.
The meridian of the Site runs to the Chang Jiang River, 32-25= 7° above the SE Coast of Fu-
jian, Strait of Formosa, confirming the millions of survivors of the Flood (a number of 7 fi-
gures). This important River is located 32-10= 22° above Palawan Island, Philippines, confir-
ming the 4.8-2.6= 2.2 million survivors. Most of them were seriously injured.
The South Cape of Taiwan, at 22°N, is located 29-22= 7° below the Longyou Caves, again
confirming the 2.2 million survivors (a number of 7 figures). It is located 22-10= 12° above
Palawan Island, Philippines, with the shape of a Comet, confirming the 120 days duration of
the Flood of the Sixth Dynasty.
The length/width ratio of the vertical strokes in the wall decoration of the Longyou Caves
equals 10 (Fig.4). For that reason the two horizontal lines at the bottom may encode 2x10=
20. The vertical strokes make an angle of 60°, which might encode together the number
20+6= 26. However, these also encode the hundreds of thousands of casualties, a number of 6
figures! So, it appears the wall decoration confirms the 26 hundred thousand, or 2.6 million
casualties of the Comet Catastrophe. (Refs.18,25-28)
Precipitation
The meridian of the Longyou Caves runs 8° to the north, to the Bay of Laizhou, at the level of
the East Cape of Shandong Peninsula, at 29+8= 37°N. It encodes the total precipitation during
the Flood, about 80 micromoiras= 8.8 or 9 meters of water.
The same meridian runs to Palawan Island, Philippines, with the shape of a Comet. Its latitu-
de, at 10°N, refers to the 1st king Teti when the Disaster happened. Its complementary latitu-
de of 90-10= 80°N confirms the precipitation. The south cape of Hainan Island, at 18°N, is si-
tuated 18-10= 8° above it, confirming it, again.
The Longyou Caves are located on Phoenix Hill in groups of eight Caves, confirming it. The
height of the strokes in the horizontal bands (Fig.4) equals 2x4= 8 times the width of each
stroke, confirming it, again.
So, the total precipitation during the Biblical Flood was 9 meters of water on the entire surfa-
ce of the planet Earth (c.2344 BC). It corresponds to an ice ball with a volume of 5.106
km3
,
having a diameter of 200 km (or 130 miles). This dirty ice ball, with stones, ended all ancient
civilizations on Earth.
Fig.5 Shiyan Beicun at the western end of the island of Xiazhang Jiabucun.
This island has the shape of a Comet!
Periodicity of the Comet
The Longyou Caves are located at 29°N, which is 29-23= 6° above the holy Tropic of Cancer
(Sun religion). It refers to the Sixth Dynasty, but also to the approximate periodicity of the
Comet: c.600 years. The vertical strokes in the wall decoration make an angle of 60°, confir-
ming it. Together with the two lines at the bottom these form 2+1= 3 units, referring to a
number of 3 figures. The three groups of Caves at Phoenix Hill confirm it.
The meridian of the Site runs over 32-29= 3° of latitude to the north to the wide Chang Jiang
River, at 32°N. Its complementary latitude of 90-32= 58°N encodes the exact periodicity of
the Comet: 580 years (a number of 3 figures). - It runs to the Viljuj River, Russia, another 64-
32= 32° to the north, confirming it.
The Bay of Haizhou, Jiangsu, is located 67-35= 32° below the holy Arctic Circle, referring to
the importance of the Chang Jiang River at this latitude (32°N). Penglai, the North Cape of
Shandong Peninsula, is located 70-38= 32° below the Olenëk River, Russia, confirming it.
This difference in latitude of c.30° confirms a periodicity with a number of 3 figures. – It also
refers to a much colder climate in the World during more than three centuries, from c.2344
BC to c.2000 BC, which is at the start of the Twelfth Dynasty (Middle Kingdom).
The difference between the latitude and the complementary latitude of the Longyou Caves
equals 61-29= 32°. Again, it refers to the important latitude of the Chang Jiang River, at
32°N. It also confirms the 32 years of reign of the 1st king Teti (c.2370-2338 BC) of the Sixth
Dynasty, when the Comet Catastrophe happened. (Refs.27-32)
Longitudes
In antiquity geography was much more important than nowadays. So, the story about the Co-
met Catastrophe of the Sixth Dynasty might also be told in terms of differences in longitude.
In Egypt these were used from the start of the First Dynasty.
The Longyou Caves are located at a latitude of 29°N and a longitude of 119°E. The east shore
of the Lake of Dongting, Hunan, is located 6° to the west, encoding the Sixth Dynasty, when
the Comet Catastrophe occurred. The opposite shore is another degree to the west, which
shows it happened during the reign of the 1st king Teti.
This west shore is located 6+1= 7° to the west, which shows there were millions of casualties
(a number of 7 figures). The confluence of the Panjnat and Indus Rivers in Pakistan is located
48° to the west, encoding an original world population of 4.8 million men. The south shore of
Lake of Hamun-i-Lora, Pakistan, is located 54° to the west, encoding the percentage of casu-
alties: 54%.
So, there were (54/100)x4.8= 2.6 million victims. The Persian Gulf is located 70° to the west,
which confirms there were millions of victims (a number of 7 figures). – The Yamuna River,
India, is located 22° west of the Jinsha Jiang River, on the border of Sichuan and Tibet, con-
firming the 4.8-2.6= 2.2 million survivors. Most of them were seriously wounded.
The west shore of Lake of Poyang, Jiangxi, is located 3° west of the Longyou Caves, enco-
ding the 30 days of the month. The Jinsha Jiang River, on the border of Sichuan and Tibet, is
located 20° to the west, which shows the Comet Catastrophe was a two-stage-event, with each
stage lasting 2 months. – The Jinsha Jiang River is located 2° west of the Yalong Jiang River,
Sichuan, confirming it. This last River is located 11° west of the west shore of Lake of Dong-
ting, Hunan, which illustrates the real duration of the Flood was 110 days, slightly less than
previously suggested.
The east shore of Lake of Dongting, Hunan, is located 6° to the west, confirming the duration
of 60 days of each stage. – The west shore of Lake of Dongting, Hunan, is located 4° west of
Lake of Poyang, Jiangxi, confirming the duration of the whole Disaster, 4 months. – The Min
Jiang River, Sichuan, is located 8° west of the western shore of Lake of Dongting, Hunan,
which shows the precipitation was about 80 micromoiras= 8.8 or 9 meters of water. The west
shore of Lake of Poyang, Jiangxi, is located 3° west of the Longyou Caves, referring to a
much colder climate in the World during more than three centuries. (Refs.18,33-35)
Longyou Caves
The Longyou Caves are a monument for the Comet Catastrophe (or Flood) of the Sixth Dy-
nasty. However, in the first place they were constructed as a subterranean palace for the King
and the Royal Court for their necessary protection during the return of this Comet. It is consi-
dered proven this Comet was the cause of the end of the Old Kingdom. However, it is very li-
kely the same Comet (or Comet Swarm) was also the reason for the fall of the Middle King-
dom and the New Kingdom!
Dating the Longyou Caves appears to be not very difficult. The periodicity of the Comet was
c.580 years. So, the Caves may date from the 13th Dynasty (c.1794-1641 BC), when the Co-
met returned in 2344-580= c.1764 BC, or they may date from the 20th Dynasty (c.1200-1085
BC), when the Comet returned again, in 1764-580= c.1184 BC. At this last event the Comet
exploded near the Sun. So, later dates are not very likely. – Our next article on the Longyou
Caves will address this issue in more detail. (Ref.18)
References
1. Ministry of Culture, China: “A Lingering Mystery: Longyou Grottoes” (Part I).
Website: http://www.chinaculture.org/gb/en_curiosity/2004-12/29/content_64648.htm
2. De Jonge, R.M., and IJzereef, G.F., De Stenen Spreken, Kosmos Z&K, Utrecht/Antwerpen (1996) (ISBN 90-
215-2846-0) (Dutch)
3. De Jonge, R.M., and Wakefield, J.S., How the SunGod Reached America c.2500 BC, A Guide to Megalithic
Sites, 2002 (ISBN 0-917054-19-9). Available: MCS Inc., Box 3392, Kirkland, Wa 98083, also on CD.
Website: www.howthesungod.com
4. Wakefield, J.S., and De Jonge, R.M., Rocks & Rows, Sailing Routes across the Atlantic and the Copper
Trade, MCS Inc, 2010 (ISBN 0-917054-20-2). Available: MCS Inc, Box 3392, Kirkland, Wa USA 98083.
Website: www.rocksandrows.com
5. De Jonge, R.M., Website: www.slideshare.net/rmdejonge
6. Pellech, Chr., Website: www.migration-diffusion.info
7. De Jonge, R.M., “The Discovery of Three Continents (Santo Stefano, North Sardinia, Italy, c.2300 BC)”,
Ancient American, Vol.12, No.76, pgs.28-29 (2007), Ref.5.
8. De Jonge, R.M., “Stonehenge, Monument for the Discovery of America (Salisbury Plain, South England,
c.2000 BC) (2011), Refs.5,6.
9. De Jonge, R.M., “Tripod Rock, Pyramid Mountain (Morris County, New Jersey, c.1900 BC)” (2011), Refs.-
5,6.
10. Peiser, B.J., Palmer, T., Bailey, M.E., Natural Catastrophes during Bronze Age Civilizations, BAR Interna-
tional Series 728, Oxford, 1998 (ISBN 0-86054-916-X).
11. Baillie, M.G.L., “Hints that Cometary Debris played some Role in several Tree-Ring Dated Environmental
Downturns in the Bronze Age”, Ref.10, pgs.109-117.
12. Peiser, B.J., “Evidence for a Global Disaster in the Late 3rd Millennium BC”, Ref.10, pgs.117-140.
13. Courty, M.-A., “The Soil Record of an Exceptional Event at 4000 BP in the Middle East”, Ref.10, pgs.93-
109.
14. Clube, S.V.M., and Napier, W.M., The Cosmic Serpent, Faber and Faber, London, 1982.
15. Clube, S.V.M., and Napier, W.M., The Cosmic Winter, Blackwell, Oxford, 1990.
16. Joseph, F., Survivors of Atlantis, Their Impact on World Culture, Bear & Co., Vermont, 2004 (ISBN 1-
59143-0-040-2).
17. Baillie, M., Exodus to Arthur, Catastrophic Encounters with Comets, BT Batsford Ltd., London, 1999 (ISBN
0-7134-8681-3).
18. De Jonge, R.M., “The Comet Catastrophe of c.2345 BC”, (twenty articles),
Webpage: http://www.barry.warmkessel.com/dejonge.html
19. De Jonge, R.M., The Phaistos Disc Decoded, New Testimony of a Lost Civilization, 300 pgs., Netherlands
(2008). Website: www.slideshare.net/drsrmdejonge
20. De Jonge, R.M., “Discovery of America and the Flood (c.2300 BC, Ita Letra, Villarrica, Paraguay)” (2009),
Ref.5.
21. De Jonge, R.M., “The Discovery of Australia and the Flood (The Rainbow Serpent Shelter, Mt. Borradaile,
Arnhem Land)” (2010), Ref.5.
22. De Jonge, R.M., “The Ikom Monoliths and the Flood (1200 BC-200 AD, Cross River State, Nigeria)”
(2010), Ref.5.
23. De Jonge, R.M., “Great Serpent Mound (c.2300 BC, Adams County, Ohio)” (2010), Ref.5.
24. De Jonge, R.M., “Gold Ring (Grand Canyon, Arizona, c.1450 BC) (2010), Ref.5.
25. De Jonge, R.M., “The Swan Stone (Burrows Cave, near Olney, Illinois)” (2011), Ref.5.
26. De Jonge, R.M., “Sentinel Rock, Vermont (Discovery of America and Biblical Flood, c.1900 BC)” (2011),
Refs.5,6.
27. De Jonge, R.M., “The Brandenburg Stone, Comet Catastrophe of 536/540 AD” (560 AD, Battletown, Meade
County, Kentucky) (2010), Ref.5.
28. De Jonge, R.M., “About the Brandenburg Stone (560 AD, Battletown, Meade County, Kentucky)”, Ref.5.
29. De Jonge, R.M., “Oil City Glyphs (Pennsylvania, c. 2000 BC)” (2012), Ref.5.
30. De Jonge, R.M., “V-Shaped Glyph (Pennsylvania, c. 2000 BC)” (2012), Ref.5.
31. De Jonge, R.M., “Copper Spear Tip (Crow Wing County, MN, c.1500 BC)” (2013), Ref.5.
32. De Jonge, R.M., “Four Stone Chambers (I) and (II), (Crestone, Colorado, c.1900 BC) (2013), Ref.5.
33. De Jonge, R.M., “Balanced Rock (I) and (II), (Buhl, Twin Falls County, Idaho)” (2013), Ref.5.
34. De Jonge, R.M., “Burial Site of Lord Nefer-Ti-Ru, son of king Khufu, 4th Dynasty (Gosford, NSW, Austra-
lia) (2012), Ref.5.
35. Susan English, Website of the Ancient Waterways Society.
36. Holloway, A., Ancient Origins: “Ten enduring mysteries of the Longyou Caves” (2014). Website:
http://www.ancient-origins.net/unexplained-phenomena-ancient-places-asia/ten-enduring-mysteries-longyou-
caves-001248
37. “An Observation Report from Longyou Grottoes in Zhejiang.” (2000)
Website: http://en.minghui.org/html/articles/2000/9/11/8273.html
38. Li, L.H., et al, “Geological characteristics and protective measures of Longyou rock caverns, China.” (2009)
Website: http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=21243994

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LONGYOU CAVES, CHINA

  • 1. LONGYOU CAVES – I Subterranean Palace for fear of a Comet (Zhejiang province, China, c.1200 BC) Dr. R.M. de Jonge ©, drsrmdejonge@hotmail.com June, 2014 Summary The Longyou Caves are located in Shiyan Beicun on the Qiantang River. The 24 man-made Caverns have a total volume of at least half a million cubic meter. They may be considered as a monument for the worldwide Comet Catastrophe (or Flood) in the Sixth Dynasty of Egypt during the reign of the 1st king Teti. The Site shows the original world population was 4.8 million men, but 2.6 million perished (54%), and 2.2 million people survived. There was a precipitation of 9 meters of water during 2+2= 4 months. It ended all ancient civilizations on Earth. – However, in the first place the Caves were constructed as a subterranean palace for the King and the Royal Court for their necessary protection during the return of this Comet. The Longyou Caves were probably built when this happened, c.1200 BC. Introduction Zhejiang, formerly romanized as Chekiang or Che-Keang, is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. The word Zhejiang means zigzagging river and was the old name of the Qiantang River, which passes through Hangzhou, the provincial capital. In 1992 Caves were discovered along this river in Longyou County, Quzhou prefecture. This county has a diameter of c.40 km, and about 400 thousand inhabitants. The Longyou Caves are located at Phoenix Hill near the village of Shiyan Beicun on the nor- thern bank of this river. They were discovered by pumping out water from deep ponds. Previ- ously these ponds were believed to be natural, but the Caverns below their surface turned out to be artificial. They were clearly man-made, completely carved out of the siltstone bedrock! Simple data are difficult to obtain, but a few facts are known. All Caves are large, but their sizes vary. Their average diameter appears to be roughly 30 m, their ground surface area circa 30x30= 900 m2 , and their average volume about 30x30x30= 27,000 m3 . Most of them have the shape of large halls, and more or less resemble each other. - A total number of 24 Caves are situated on Phoenix Hill, on a surface area of only 1.0 km2 . Three clusters, each of 8 Ca- ves, are oriented SE-NW on the higher parts of the Hill. (Refs.1,36-38)
  • 2. Fig.1 Longyou Caves (Shiyan Beicun, Zhejiang province, c.1200 BC) Early History of China The Phaistos Disc of Crete (Greece) dates from 1458 BC. It reports that the 3rd king Djer (c.- 3043-3012 BC) and the 4th king Djet (c.3035-3012 BC) of the First Dynasty of Egypt disco- vered the coasts around the South Chinese Sea. These coasts include the South Coast of China from Taiwan to Vietnam, as well as the island of Hainan. The Disc emphasizes that the East Coast of China was not reached before the start of the Fourth Dynasty, c.2678 BC. This is quite remarkable, because it is more than three centuries la- ter. – It further states that the 5th king Menkaure (Mycerinos, c.2580-2562 BC) of this dynasty sailed along the East Coast to the north and discovered Japan and America via the Bering Sea. – Without any doubt the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt greatly influenced the rise of the ancient civili- zation in China. (Ref.19) The Longyou Caves have several features, which clearly refer to the Fourth Dynasty. The ver- tical pillars in the background of Fig.1, but especially in Figs.2&3, appear to have square cross sections, which are typical for this particular Dynasty. The whole Cave in Fig.2 has a rectangular cross section, which confirms it. Squares and rectangles have four equal angles (of 90°), which were popular geometrical shapes in this time period. (Ref.34) All walls are carved in horizontal bands between parallel lines, as clearly shown in Figs.- 2,3&4. They refer to all the latitude lines on the surface of the planet Earth, 90 on the North- ern Hemisphere and 90 on the Southern Hemisphere. They refer to the Old Kingdom of Egypt, when (almost) all the land on Earth was discovered. - Latitudes were already known c.4800 BC, as shown in the monument of Barnénez, Brittany, France. (Refs.2-9) Comet Catastrophe The height of the horizontal bands seems to be c.600 mm (Fig.4). In antiquity geographic dis- tances were expressed in moiras (1 moira= 1° of latitude= 111 km). So, this height of 600 mm= 600/111= 5.4 micromoiras. This is a number between 5 and 6, which appears to refer to the dramatic events between the Fifth and the Sixth Dynasties of Egypt. A huge Comet Ca- tastrophe (or Flood) occurred, which would lead to the end of the Old Kingdom.
  • 3. The carved, vertical strokes in the bands appear to make an angle of 60° with the horizontal li- nes (Fig.4). They refer to the start of the Sixth Dynasty, the last one of the Old Kingdom. It confirms the worldwide Comet Catastrophe in c.2344 BC, just mentioned (tree-ring dating). - The length/width ratio of the strokes equals 10, possibly referring to the 1st king Teti of this dynasty, when it happened. The village of Shiyan Beicun is located on the northern bank of the Qiantang River. It is situ- ated opposite the western end of the island of Xiazhang Jiabucun (Fig.5). This island has the shape of a Comet! - The separate Head of the Comet is shown at the eastern end (opposite Baidiwei, not shown on this map). The big Tail points to the west. The location of Shiyan Beicun shows the planet Earth passed through the huge Tail of this Comet. – The length of the whole island of Xiazhang Jiabucun equals 6.66 km= 6.66/1.11= 6.0 centimoiras. It confirms the Comet Catastrophe happened in the Sixth Dynasty. (Refs.10-13) Fig.2 Longyou Caves (Shiyan Beicun, Zhejiang province, c.1200 BC) Date of Disaster The Longyou Caves are located at a latitude of 29°N, which is 29-23= 6° above the holy Tropic of Cancer (Sun religion). [On midsummer day the Sun is at right angles above. The slow northerly movement of the Sun turns into a southerly movement. So, people believe in the SunGod Ra.] It refers to the Sixth Dynasty, the last one of the Old Kingdom. Its comple- mentary latitude of 90-29= 61°N refers to the 1st king Teti (c.2370-2338 BC) of this Dynasty (60+1). In antiquity the use of complementary latitudes was very common. The Comet Cata- strophe of c.2344 BC happened during his reign. The Qiantang River flows to the Bay of Hangzhou, at 30°N. Its complementary latitude of 90- 30= 60°N refers to the Sixth Dynasty when the Comet Catastrophe occurred. This Bay is lo- cated 30-29= 1° above the Longyou Caves, confirming the 1st king Teti when it happened. The meridian, or North-South line of the Site runs along the Bay of Haizhou, Jiangsu, 35-29= 6° above the Longyou Caves, confirming the Sixth Dynasty. This Bay is located 36-35= 1° below the capital of Anyang, Henan, at the level of the Bay of Quingdao, Shandong, confir- ming the 1st king Teti when it happened.
  • 4. The meridian leaves the Bay of Laizhou, Shandong, 37-36= 1° above the capital of Anyang, Henan, confirming the 1st king Teti when it happened. It crosses the Luan He River, Tang- shan Area, 40+20= 60° above the north coast of Australia, at 20°S, confirming the Sixth Dy- nasty. Penglai, the North Cape of Shandong Peninsula, at 38°N, is located 38-32= 6° above the im- portant Chang Jiang River, at 32°N, confirming the Sixth Dynasty. The south cape of Dalian Peninsula, at 39°N, is located 39-38= 1° above it, confirming the 1st king Teti when it hap- pened. The meridian of the Longyou Caves crosses the Lena River, Russia, at 60°N, 60-50= 10° above the Argun River, on the border of Mongolia and Russia, which confirms it happened during the reign of the 1st king Teti of the Sixth Dynasty. – It crosses the Olenëk River, Rus- sia, 70-10= 60° above Palawan Island, Philippines, confirming it. This long island has the sha- pe of a Comet! Its latitude, at 10°N, refers to the 1st king Teti, when the Comet Catastrophe occurred. (Refs.14-18) Fig.3 Longyou Caves (Shiyan Beicun, Zhejiang province, c.1200 BC) (Courtesy: Ref.1) Duration The Longyou Caves are located at a latitude of 29°N. It encodes the 29 days of a month. The carved, vertical strokes in the bands make an angle of 60° with the horizontal lines (Fig.4). So, the planet Earth was inside the Tail of the Comet for 60 days, or two months. The falling rocks caused huge forest fires, and the melting ice of the Comet caused torential rains. There were huge foodings everywhere. It was completely dark on Earth. This period was probably the worst. Below the bands are two horizontal lines. So, it was a two-stage-event. – After the first stage the planet Earth left the Tail of the Comet, but the second stage also lasted for 60 days, or two months. The whole climate on Earth was completely disrupted. The torrential rains continued, but it also became bitterly cold. So, these rains were changing in ferrocious snow and hail storms. The huge floodings continued, and many people died from starvation.
  • 5. The height of the vertical strokes equals four times the height of the two horizontal lines (Fig.4). It confirms the whole Disaster lasted for 2+2= 4 months. The vertical pillars in Figs.- 2&3 have square cross sections, with four equal sides and angles, confirming it, again. The Qiantang River flows to the Bay of Hangzhou, at 30°N. It confirms the 30 days of the month. Its complementary latitude of 90-30= 60°N confirms the duration of each stage, 60 days, or two months. The meridian, or North-South line of the Site runs to the Lena River, Russia, at 60°N, confirming it. The Caves are located at a distance of 222 km= 2 moiras from the East Coast of China at this latitude. It confirms the Comet Catastrophe was a two-stage-event, with each stage lasting two months. Shanghai Peninsula is located 31-29= 2° higher, confirming it. The meridian of the Site leaves the SE Coast of Fujian, Strait of Formosa, at the level of the north coast of Taiwan, 29-25= 4° below the Caves, confirming the 4 months duration of the Calamity. It runs to the Argun River on the border of Mongolia and Russia, 50-10= 40° above Palawan Island, Philippines, confirming it. This long island has the shape of a Comet! - The complementary latitude of the Argun River, at 90-50= 40°N, confirms it, again. The meridian of the Site runs to the Bay of Laizhou, Shandong, 37-25= 12° above the SE Co- ast of Fujian, confirming the duration of the Comet Catastrophe, 4x30= c.120 days. It leaves the South Coast of Australia, 34.5+25= c.60° below the coast of Fujian, confirming the 60 days duration of each stage. It hits the North Coast of this continent at 20°S, confirming the two-stage-event, with each stage lasting 2 months. This Coast is located 90+20= 110° below the North Pole, confirming the real duration of the worldwide Comet Catastrophe, 110 days, which is slightly less than mentioned previously. (Refs.18-24) Fig.4 The wall decoration in the Longyou Caves (Shiyan Beicun, Zhejiang province, c.1200 BC - Courtesy T. Newman) Casualties The Qiantang River flows to the Bay of Hangzhou, at 30°N. The holy Tropic of Cancer, at 23°N, is 30-23= 7° to the south. So, before the Comet Catastrophe there were millions of peo- ple on Earth (a number of 7 figures). - The meridian of the Site leaves the SE Coast of Fujian, at 25°N, which is 73-25= 48° below the Bay of the Olenëk River, Laptev Sea, Russia, enco-
  • 6. ding a world population before the Flood of 4.8 million men. It is the north coast of the conti- nent, at 73°N. The SE Coast of Fujian is located 32-25= 7° below the important Chang Jiang River, sugges- ting millions of casualties (a number of 7 figures). The meridian runs to the Min Jiang River near Fuzhou, Fujian, at 26°N, encoding 2.6 million casualties (54%). It is the important lati- tude of the “Valley of the Kings”, at the “Knee” of the River Nile, Egypt. It is located 26-25= 1° higher than the SE Coast of Fujian, referring to the 1st king Teti, when it happened. The holy Arctic Circle, at 67°N is 67-60= 7° above the Lena River, Russia, confirming the millions of victims (a number of 7 figures). It is the northernmost line the Sun still shines at midwinter day (Sun religion). - The meridian crosses the Viljuj River, Russia, at 63.5°N. When rounded off to 63°N, it is located 63-37= 26° above the Bay of Laizhou, Shandong, at 37°N, confirming the 2.6 million victims. When rounded off to 64°N, its complementary latitude of 90-64= 26°N confirms this number. It is located 64-10= 54° above Palawan Island, Philippines, confirming the percentage of victims, 54%. The capital of Anyang, Henan, and the Bay of Quingdao, Shandong, are located 36-29= 7° above the Longyou Caves, confirming the millions of casualties (a number of 7 figures). The- se places are 36-10= 26° above Palawan Island, Philippines, at 10°N, confirming the 2.6 milli- on casualties of the Flood. This island has the shape of a Comet! Anyang and Quingdao are located at 36°N. It symbolizes the circumference of the planet Earth of 36 Moiras, or 360°. It shows the Comet Catastrophe of the Sixth Dynasty was a worldwide Disaster. The complementary latitude of 90-36= 54°N confirms the percentage of casualties, 54%. The meridian of the Site runs to the Chang Jiang River, 32-25= 7° above the SE Coast of Fu- jian, Strait of Formosa, confirming the millions of survivors of the Flood (a number of 7 fi- gures). This important River is located 32-10= 22° above Palawan Island, Philippines, confir- ming the 4.8-2.6= 2.2 million survivors. Most of them were seriously injured. The South Cape of Taiwan, at 22°N, is located 29-22= 7° below the Longyou Caves, again confirming the 2.2 million survivors (a number of 7 figures). It is located 22-10= 12° above Palawan Island, Philippines, with the shape of a Comet, confirming the 120 days duration of the Flood of the Sixth Dynasty. The length/width ratio of the vertical strokes in the wall decoration of the Longyou Caves equals 10 (Fig.4). For that reason the two horizontal lines at the bottom may encode 2x10= 20. The vertical strokes make an angle of 60°, which might encode together the number 20+6= 26. However, these also encode the hundreds of thousands of casualties, a number of 6 figures! So, it appears the wall decoration confirms the 26 hundred thousand, or 2.6 million casualties of the Comet Catastrophe. (Refs.18,25-28) Precipitation The meridian of the Longyou Caves runs 8° to the north, to the Bay of Laizhou, at the level of the East Cape of Shandong Peninsula, at 29+8= 37°N. It encodes the total precipitation during the Flood, about 80 micromoiras= 8.8 or 9 meters of water.
  • 7. The same meridian runs to Palawan Island, Philippines, with the shape of a Comet. Its latitu- de, at 10°N, refers to the 1st king Teti when the Disaster happened. Its complementary latitu- de of 90-10= 80°N confirms the precipitation. The south cape of Hainan Island, at 18°N, is si- tuated 18-10= 8° above it, confirming it, again. The Longyou Caves are located on Phoenix Hill in groups of eight Caves, confirming it. The height of the strokes in the horizontal bands (Fig.4) equals 2x4= 8 times the width of each stroke, confirming it, again. So, the total precipitation during the Biblical Flood was 9 meters of water on the entire surfa- ce of the planet Earth (c.2344 BC). It corresponds to an ice ball with a volume of 5.106 km3 , having a diameter of 200 km (or 130 miles). This dirty ice ball, with stones, ended all ancient civilizations on Earth. Fig.5 Shiyan Beicun at the western end of the island of Xiazhang Jiabucun. This island has the shape of a Comet! Periodicity of the Comet The Longyou Caves are located at 29°N, which is 29-23= 6° above the holy Tropic of Cancer (Sun religion). It refers to the Sixth Dynasty, but also to the approximate periodicity of the Comet: c.600 years. The vertical strokes in the wall decoration make an angle of 60°, confir- ming it. Together with the two lines at the bottom these form 2+1= 3 units, referring to a number of 3 figures. The three groups of Caves at Phoenix Hill confirm it. The meridian of the Site runs over 32-29= 3° of latitude to the north to the wide Chang Jiang River, at 32°N. Its complementary latitude of 90-32= 58°N encodes the exact periodicity of the Comet: 580 years (a number of 3 figures). - It runs to the Viljuj River, Russia, another 64- 32= 32° to the north, confirming it.
  • 8. The Bay of Haizhou, Jiangsu, is located 67-35= 32° below the holy Arctic Circle, referring to the importance of the Chang Jiang River at this latitude (32°N). Penglai, the North Cape of Shandong Peninsula, is located 70-38= 32° below the Olenëk River, Russia, confirming it. This difference in latitude of c.30° confirms a periodicity with a number of 3 figures. – It also refers to a much colder climate in the World during more than three centuries, from c.2344 BC to c.2000 BC, which is at the start of the Twelfth Dynasty (Middle Kingdom). The difference between the latitude and the complementary latitude of the Longyou Caves equals 61-29= 32°. Again, it refers to the important latitude of the Chang Jiang River, at 32°N. It also confirms the 32 years of reign of the 1st king Teti (c.2370-2338 BC) of the Sixth Dynasty, when the Comet Catastrophe happened. (Refs.27-32) Longitudes In antiquity geography was much more important than nowadays. So, the story about the Co- met Catastrophe of the Sixth Dynasty might also be told in terms of differences in longitude. In Egypt these were used from the start of the First Dynasty. The Longyou Caves are located at a latitude of 29°N and a longitude of 119°E. The east shore of the Lake of Dongting, Hunan, is located 6° to the west, encoding the Sixth Dynasty, when the Comet Catastrophe occurred. The opposite shore is another degree to the west, which shows it happened during the reign of the 1st king Teti. This west shore is located 6+1= 7° to the west, which shows there were millions of casualties (a number of 7 figures). The confluence of the Panjnat and Indus Rivers in Pakistan is located 48° to the west, encoding an original world population of 4.8 million men. The south shore of Lake of Hamun-i-Lora, Pakistan, is located 54° to the west, encoding the percentage of casu- alties: 54%. So, there were (54/100)x4.8= 2.6 million victims. The Persian Gulf is located 70° to the west, which confirms there were millions of victims (a number of 7 figures). – The Yamuna River, India, is located 22° west of the Jinsha Jiang River, on the border of Sichuan and Tibet, con- firming the 4.8-2.6= 2.2 million survivors. Most of them were seriously wounded. The west shore of Lake of Poyang, Jiangxi, is located 3° west of the Longyou Caves, enco- ding the 30 days of the month. The Jinsha Jiang River, on the border of Sichuan and Tibet, is located 20° to the west, which shows the Comet Catastrophe was a two-stage-event, with each stage lasting 2 months. – The Jinsha Jiang River is located 2° west of the Yalong Jiang River, Sichuan, confirming it. This last River is located 11° west of the west shore of Lake of Dong- ting, Hunan, which illustrates the real duration of the Flood was 110 days, slightly less than previously suggested. The east shore of Lake of Dongting, Hunan, is located 6° to the west, confirming the duration of 60 days of each stage. – The west shore of Lake of Dongting, Hunan, is located 4° west of Lake of Poyang, Jiangxi, confirming the duration of the whole Disaster, 4 months. – The Min Jiang River, Sichuan, is located 8° west of the western shore of Lake of Dongting, Hunan, which shows the precipitation was about 80 micromoiras= 8.8 or 9 meters of water. The west shore of Lake of Poyang, Jiangxi, is located 3° west of the Longyou Caves, referring to a much colder climate in the World during more than three centuries. (Refs.18,33-35)
  • 9. Longyou Caves The Longyou Caves are a monument for the Comet Catastrophe (or Flood) of the Sixth Dy- nasty. However, in the first place they were constructed as a subterranean palace for the King and the Royal Court for their necessary protection during the return of this Comet. It is consi- dered proven this Comet was the cause of the end of the Old Kingdom. However, it is very li- kely the same Comet (or Comet Swarm) was also the reason for the fall of the Middle King- dom and the New Kingdom! Dating the Longyou Caves appears to be not very difficult. The periodicity of the Comet was c.580 years. So, the Caves may date from the 13th Dynasty (c.1794-1641 BC), when the Co- met returned in 2344-580= c.1764 BC, or they may date from the 20th Dynasty (c.1200-1085 BC), when the Comet returned again, in 1764-580= c.1184 BC. At this last event the Comet exploded near the Sun. So, later dates are not very likely. – Our next article on the Longyou Caves will address this issue in more detail. (Ref.18) References 1. Ministry of Culture, China: “A Lingering Mystery: Longyou Grottoes” (Part I). Website: http://www.chinaculture.org/gb/en_curiosity/2004-12/29/content_64648.htm 2. De Jonge, R.M., and IJzereef, G.F., De Stenen Spreken, Kosmos Z&K, Utrecht/Antwerpen (1996) (ISBN 90- 215-2846-0) (Dutch) 3. De Jonge, R.M., and Wakefield, J.S., How the SunGod Reached America c.2500 BC, A Guide to Megalithic Sites, 2002 (ISBN 0-917054-19-9). Available: MCS Inc., Box 3392, Kirkland, Wa 98083, also on CD. Website: www.howthesungod.com 4. Wakefield, J.S., and De Jonge, R.M., Rocks & Rows, Sailing Routes across the Atlantic and the Copper Trade, MCS Inc, 2010 (ISBN 0-917054-20-2). Available: MCS Inc, Box 3392, Kirkland, Wa USA 98083. Website: www.rocksandrows.com 5. De Jonge, R.M., Website: www.slideshare.net/rmdejonge 6. Pellech, Chr., Website: www.migration-diffusion.info 7. De Jonge, R.M., “The Discovery of Three Continents (Santo Stefano, North Sardinia, Italy, c.2300 BC)”, Ancient American, Vol.12, No.76, pgs.28-29 (2007), Ref.5. 8. De Jonge, R.M., “Stonehenge, Monument for the Discovery of America (Salisbury Plain, South England, c.2000 BC) (2011), Refs.5,6. 9. De Jonge, R.M., “Tripod Rock, Pyramid Mountain (Morris County, New Jersey, c.1900 BC)” (2011), Refs.- 5,6. 10. Peiser, B.J., Palmer, T., Bailey, M.E., Natural Catastrophes during Bronze Age Civilizations, BAR Interna- tional Series 728, Oxford, 1998 (ISBN 0-86054-916-X). 11. Baillie, M.G.L., “Hints that Cometary Debris played some Role in several Tree-Ring Dated Environmental Downturns in the Bronze Age”, Ref.10, pgs.109-117. 12. Peiser, B.J., “Evidence for a Global Disaster in the Late 3rd Millennium BC”, Ref.10, pgs.117-140. 13. Courty, M.-A., “The Soil Record of an Exceptional Event at 4000 BP in the Middle East”, Ref.10, pgs.93- 109. 14. Clube, S.V.M., and Napier, W.M., The Cosmic Serpent, Faber and Faber, London, 1982. 15. Clube, S.V.M., and Napier, W.M., The Cosmic Winter, Blackwell, Oxford, 1990. 16. Joseph, F., Survivors of Atlantis, Their Impact on World Culture, Bear & Co., Vermont, 2004 (ISBN 1- 59143-0-040-2). 17. Baillie, M., Exodus to Arthur, Catastrophic Encounters with Comets, BT Batsford Ltd., London, 1999 (ISBN 0-7134-8681-3). 18. De Jonge, R.M., “The Comet Catastrophe of c.2345 BC”, (twenty articles), Webpage: http://www.barry.warmkessel.com/dejonge.html 19. De Jonge, R.M., The Phaistos Disc Decoded, New Testimony of a Lost Civilization, 300 pgs., Netherlands (2008). Website: www.slideshare.net/drsrmdejonge 20. De Jonge, R.M., “Discovery of America and the Flood (c.2300 BC, Ita Letra, Villarrica, Paraguay)” (2009), Ref.5. 21. De Jonge, R.M., “The Discovery of Australia and the Flood (The Rainbow Serpent Shelter, Mt. Borradaile, Arnhem Land)” (2010), Ref.5.
  • 10. 22. De Jonge, R.M., “The Ikom Monoliths and the Flood (1200 BC-200 AD, Cross River State, Nigeria)” (2010), Ref.5. 23. De Jonge, R.M., “Great Serpent Mound (c.2300 BC, Adams County, Ohio)” (2010), Ref.5. 24. De Jonge, R.M., “Gold Ring (Grand Canyon, Arizona, c.1450 BC) (2010), Ref.5. 25. De Jonge, R.M., “The Swan Stone (Burrows Cave, near Olney, Illinois)” (2011), Ref.5. 26. De Jonge, R.M., “Sentinel Rock, Vermont (Discovery of America and Biblical Flood, c.1900 BC)” (2011), Refs.5,6. 27. De Jonge, R.M., “The Brandenburg Stone, Comet Catastrophe of 536/540 AD” (560 AD, Battletown, Meade County, Kentucky) (2010), Ref.5. 28. De Jonge, R.M., “About the Brandenburg Stone (560 AD, Battletown, Meade County, Kentucky)”, Ref.5. 29. De Jonge, R.M., “Oil City Glyphs (Pennsylvania, c. 2000 BC)” (2012), Ref.5. 30. De Jonge, R.M., “V-Shaped Glyph (Pennsylvania, c. 2000 BC)” (2012), Ref.5. 31. De Jonge, R.M., “Copper Spear Tip (Crow Wing County, MN, c.1500 BC)” (2013), Ref.5. 32. De Jonge, R.M., “Four Stone Chambers (I) and (II), (Crestone, Colorado, c.1900 BC) (2013), Ref.5. 33. De Jonge, R.M., “Balanced Rock (I) and (II), (Buhl, Twin Falls County, Idaho)” (2013), Ref.5. 34. De Jonge, R.M., “Burial Site of Lord Nefer-Ti-Ru, son of king Khufu, 4th Dynasty (Gosford, NSW, Austra- lia) (2012), Ref.5. 35. Susan English, Website of the Ancient Waterways Society. 36. Holloway, A., Ancient Origins: “Ten enduring mysteries of the Longyou Caves” (2014). Website: http://www.ancient-origins.net/unexplained-phenomena-ancient-places-asia/ten-enduring-mysteries-longyou- caves-001248 37. “An Observation Report from Longyou Grottoes in Zhejiang.” (2000) Website: http://en.minghui.org/html/articles/2000/9/11/8273.html 38. Li, L.H., et al, “Geological characteristics and protective measures of Longyou rock caverns, China.” (2009) Website: http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=21243994