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Kotler11exs
1.
Chapter 11
Setting Product and Brand Strategy PowerPoint by Karen E. James Louisiana State University - Shreveport ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 1 in Chapter 11
2.
Objectives
Identify the various characteristics of products. Learn how companies build and manage product lines and mixes. Understand how companies make better brand decisions. Comprehend how packaging and labeling can be used as marketing tools. ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 2 in Chapter 11
3.
What is a
Product? Goods Places Services Properties Experiences Organizations Events Information Persons Ideas ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 3 in Chapter 11
4.
The Product and
Product Mix Potential customers judge product offerings according to three elements: – Product features and quality – Services mix and quality – Value-based prices ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 4 in Chapter 11
5.
The Product and
Product Mix The customer value hierarchy: – Core benefit – Basic product – Expected product – Augmented product – Potential product ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 5 in Chapter 11
6.
The Product and
Product Mix Nondurable Product – Tangible Classifications – Rapidly consumed – Example: Milk Durable Durability and – Tangible tangibility – Lasts a long time – Example: Oven Consumer goods Services Industrial goods – Intangible – Example: Tax preparation ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 6 in Chapter 11
7.
The Product and
Product Mix Product Classified by Classifications shopping habits: – Convenience Durability and goods tangibility – Shopping goods Consumer goods – Specialty goods – Unsought goods Industrial goods ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 7 in Chapter 11
8.
The Product and
Product Mix Materials and parts Product – Farm products Classifications – – Natural products Component materials – Component parts Durability and Capital items tangibility – Installations – Equipment Consumer goods Supplies and business services Industrial goods – Maintenance and repair – Advisory services ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 8 in Chapter 11
9.
The Product and
Product Mix Product mix dimensions: – Width: number of product lines – Length: total number of items in mix – Depth: number of product variants – Consistency: degree to which product lines are related ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 9 in Chapter 11
10.
Product-Line Decisions
Product-Line Analysis Product-Line Length Product-Line Modernization, Featuring, and Pruning ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 10 in Chapter 11
11.
Brand Decisions
The AMA definition of a brand: “A name, term, sign, symbol, or design, or a combination of these, intended to identify the goods or services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from the competition.” ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 11 in Chapter 11
12.
Brand Decisions
Brands can convey six levels of meaning: – Attributes – Benefits – Values – Culture – Personality – User ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 12 in Chapter 11
13.
Brand Decisions
Brand identity decisions include: – Name – Logo – Colors – Tagline – Symbol Consumer experiences create brand bonding, brand advertising does not. ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 13 in Chapter 11
14.
Brand Decisions
Marketers should attempt to create or facilitate awareness, acceptability, preference, and loyalty among consumers. Valuable and powerful brands enjoy high levels of brand loyalty. ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 14 in Chapter 11
15.
Brand Decisions
Aaker identified five levels of customer attitudes toward brands: – Will change brands, especially for price. No brand loyalty. – Satisfied -- has no reason to change. – Satisfied -- switching would incur costs. – Values brand, sees it as a friend. – Devoted to the brand. ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 15 in Chapter 11
16.
Brand Decisions
Brand equity refers to the positive differential effect that a brand name has on customers. Brand equity: – is related to many factors. – allows for reduced marketing costs. – is a major contributor to customer equity. ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 16 in Chapter 11
17.
Brand Decisions
Advantages of Key Challenges branding: – Facilitates order To brand or not processing Brand sponsor – Trademark protection – Aids in segmentation Brand name – Enhances corporate image Brand strategy – Branded goods are Brand repositioning desired by retailers and distributors ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 17 in Chapter 11
18.
Brand Decisions
Key Challenges Options include: – Manufacturer To brand or not (national) brand – Distributor Brand sponsor (reseller, store, Brand name house, private) brand Brand strategy – Licensing the Brand repositioning brand name ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 18 in Chapter 11
19.
Brand Decisions
Strong brand names: Key Challenges – Suggest benefits – Suggest product To brand or not qualities Brand sponsor – Are easy to say, recognize, and Brand name remember – Are distinctive Brand strategy – Should not carry poor Brand repositioning meanings in other languages ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 19 in Chapter 11
20.
Brand Decisions
Varies by type of brand Key Challenges – Functional brands – Image brands To brand or not – Experiential brands Brand sponsor Line extensions Brand extensions Brand name Multibrands Brand strategy New brands Brand repositioning Co-branding ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 20 in Chapter 11
21.
Brand Decisions
A brand report card Key Challenges can be used to audit a brand’s strengths To brand or not and weaknesses. Brand sponsor Changes in preferences or the Brand name presence of a new Brand strategy competitor may indicate a need for Brand repositioning brand repositioning. ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 21 in Chapter 11
22.
Packaging and Labeling
Packaging includes: – The primary package – The secondary package – The shipping package Many factors have influenced the increased use of packaging as a marketing tool. ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 22 in Chapter 11
23.
Packaging and Labeling
Developing an effective package: – Determine the packaging concept – Determine key package elements – Testing: Engineering tests Visual tests Dealer tests Consumer tests ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 23 in Chapter 11
24.
Packaging and Labeling
Labeling functions: – Identifies the product or brand – May identify product grade – May describe the product – May promote the product Legal restrictions impact packaging for many products. ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. To accompany A Framework for Marketing Management, 2nd Edition Slide 24 in Chapter 11
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