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1. NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION
N:Near
F:Field
C:Communication
Prepared by:
Ronak patel

2. Contents
•Introduction
•History
•Features
•How NFC works
•Evolution
•Modes of NFC
•Application of NFC
•Operating modes
•Advantages and disadvantages

3. Introduction
o NFC or Near Field Communication is a short range
high frequency wireless communication technology.
o NFC is mainly aimed for mobile or handheld
devices.
o A radio communication is established by touching the
two phones or keeping them in a proximity of a few
centimeters (up to 10 cm) .
o It allows for simplified transactions, data exchange,
and wireless connections between two devices.
o Allows communication between
o Two powered (active) devices
o Powered and non self-powered (passive) devices
NFC trademark
logo

4. History of NFC
• 1983
The first patent to be associated with the abbreviation RFID was granted to
Charles Walton.
• 2004
Nokia, Philips and Sony established the Near Field Communication (NFC)
Forum.
• 2006
Nokia 6131 was the first NFC phone.
• 2010
Samsung Nexus S: First Android NFC phone shown
• 2011
NFC support becomes part of the Symbian mobile operating system with the
release of Symbian Anna version.

5.  NFC is an extension of Radio frequency identification (RFID)
technology that combines the interface of a smartcard and a reader into a
single device. This allow two-way communication between endpoints,
where earlier systems were one-way only.
 It operates within the globally available and unlicensed radio frequency
band of 13.56 MHz, with a bandwidth of 14 kHz.
 Working distance with compact standard antennas: up to 10 cm .
 Supported data rates: 106, 212 and 424 Kbit/s
 For two devices to communicate using NFC, one device must have an
NFC reader/writer and one must have an NFC tag
Features

6. • NFC is based on RFID technology that uses magnetic field
induction to enable communication between electronic devices
in close proximity. NFC operates at 13.56 MHz
• For two devices to communicate using NFC, one device must
have an NFC reader/writer and one must have an NFC tag.
The tag is essentially an integrated circuit containing data,
connected to an antenna, that can read and written by the
reader.
• Maximum transfer bit rate of 800kbps.
• No special software is required.
6
HOW NFC WORKS?

7. EVOLUTION OF NFC TECHNOLOGY
• In 2004, NFC Forum was formed by Nokia, Philips,
Sony,to set standards for NFC . Every NFC enabled
device will have “N-Mark” trademark ,developed by
NFC Forum.
N MARK
TRADEMARK

8. EVOLUTION OF NFC TECHNOLOGY
• In 2006
First mobile phone( nokia 6131) with NFC released by
NOKIA.

9. EVOLUTION OF NFC TECHNOLOGY
• In 2010
First android phone SAMSUNG NEXUS S with NFC
support released.

10. MODES OF
OPERATION
PASSIVE
MODE
ACTIVE
MODE

11. Modes of NFC
• Active Communication Mode: Both initiator and
target device communicate by alternately
generating their own fields. A device deactivates
its RF field while it is waiting for data. In this
mode, both devices typically have power supplies.
Two NFC enabled devices transferring data in active

12. .
A NFC-enabled mobile phone is paired with a RFID-tagged "smart
poster"
Modes of NFC
•Passive Communication Mode:The initiator
device provides a carrier fields and the target
device answers by modulating the existing field. In
this mode, the target device may draw its operating
power from the initiator-provided electromagnetic
field.

13. APPLICATION OF NFC
NFC applications can be split into the
following three basic categories:
Touch and Go
Touch and Confirm
Touch and Connect

14. APPLICATION OF NFC
Touch and Go
Applications such as access control or transport/event
ticketing, where the user needs only to bring the device
storing the ticket or access code close to the reader.
Example for picking up an Internet URL from a smart label
on a poster.
Touch and
go
Mode of
application

15. APPLICATION OF NFC
Touch and Confirm
Applications such as mobile payment where the user has to
confirm the interaction by entering a password or just
accepting the transaction.

16. APPLICATION OF NFC
Touch and Connect
Linking two NFC-enabled devices to enable peer to peer
transfer of data such as downloading music, exchanging
images or synchronizing address books.
Data transfer
via NFC

17. Operating Modes of NFC devices
Card Emulation mode
Peer to Peer mode
Reader Writer mode

18. CARD EMULATION MODE
• The NFC device behaves as a contactless smart card.
• The external card reader accesses the secure elements
of the device, such as Universal Subscriber Identity
Module (USIM) and embedded Secure Element
(eSE), that are compatible with the contactless card
technology.
• This enables contactless payments and ticketing by
NFC enabled phones without changing the existing
infrastructure. Mobile payment, ticketing access
control etc are use case of this category.

19. PEER TO PEER MODE
• In this mode two NFC enabled devices can exchange data with
each other.
• Both devices take part in the communication.
• One example could be business card exchange.
• Another example could be pairing Bluetooth headset with the
help of NFC enabled phone.
• Third example could be NFC chat application where two
phones can take part in data exchange as specified by NFC
forum.

20. READER WRITER MODE
• In this use case, NFC enabled device (for example mobile
phones) can read or write data to NFC tag.
• NFC enabled smart poster is one example. Inside the poster
there is embedded NFC tag where more information is written
about the product.
• Device and read and act accordingly what is written in the tag.

21. TAG TYPES
•TYPE 1:-data collision protection
-can either read and rewrite capable or read-only
-have 96 bytes of memory, enough for a URL or a small amount
of data.
-memory can expand to a larger size as needed
•TYPE 2:-also have data collision protection
-can be rewriteable or read-only
-start at 48 bytes of memory
-can expand to be as large as a type 1 tag
-Communication speeds are the same for tag types 1 and 2.
•TYPE 3:-equipped with data collision protection
-has larger memory and faster speeds than tag types 1 and 2.
•TYPE 4:-can use either NFC-A or NFC-B communication and have
data collision protection
-set as either rewritable or read-only when manufactured and
this setting cannot be changed by the user
-holds 32 Kbytes in memory and has faster speeds than the
other tags.

22. ADVANTAGES OF NFC
• High convenience to the user, because the data
exchange is done by bringing two mobiles
together.
• Reduces cost of electronic issuance .
• Secure communication.
• No special software.
• No manual configuration and settings.
• No search and pair procedure.

23. DISADVANTAGES OF NFC
• The system has the limitation that it can be
operated only with devices under a short range
i.e around 10 cm.
• The data transfer rate is very less at about
106kbps, 212 kbps and 424kbps.

24. FUTURE OF NFC
New generations of iPhone, iPod and iPad products
would reportedly be equipped with NFC capability
which would enable small-scale monetary
transactions.
On May 2, 2011, RIM announced the Blackberry Bold
9900, a new device that will use NFC technology.
Recently, Microsoft announced that all Windows
Phone 8 devices will make use of the NFC technology.

25. CONCLUSION
Mobile handsets are the primary target for NFC
and soon NFC will be implemented in most
handheld devices. Even though NFC have the
shortest range among radio frequency
technologies, combining them with existing
technologies like Bluetooth or Infrared can
increase its range of applications.

26. REFERENCES
•http://www.nfc-forum.org
•http://www.nearfieldcommunication.org/
•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_field_communicatio
n
•www.ecma-international.org
•http://www.nearfieldcommunicationnfc.net/nfc-
future.html
•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_NFC-
enabled_mobile_devices
•http://nfc-forum.org/resources/what-are-the-
operating-modes-of-nfc-devices/
•http://www.tough-shield.com/nfc/the-benefits-of-nfc/
•