The document discusses the parts and preparation of proposals and formal reports. It describes informal proposals as short letters containing an introduction, background, proposal, staffing, budget, and authorization request. Formal proposals are longer and more detailed, containing additional sections like a letter of transmittal. The document also discusses preparing for and writing formal reports, which present thorough investigation and analysis. Key steps include researching secondary data sources, documenting data, organizing information in outlines and headings, and illustrating data with tables, charts and graphs.