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The Great Indian Parallel cinema
HISTORY OF INDIAN CINEMA 
• The Indian film industry started in the year 
1913 
• Dadasaheb Phalke is the pioneer of Indian film 
industry 
• Raja Harishchandra was the first full length 
motion picture 
• Soon this medium started gaining popularity
• This silent cinema continued for almost 2 
decades 
• Sound was introduced in the year 1931 
• Alam Ara was the first sound film 
• This film had songs and that 
set the template for kinds of 
films made later 
• Unfortunately this film is not 
available today
THE GOLDEN ERA 
• The period from 1944 to the 1960’s is 
regarded as the Golden Age of Indian cinema 
• Most of the critically acclaimed Indian movies 
were produced during this era 
• This period saw the emergence of Parallel 
Cinema 
• This was mainly started by the Bengali Cinema
• Satyajit Ray, Bimal Roy, Ritwik Ghatak were 
the early film makers 
• Ray’s Pather Panchali won all major 
International Awards at film festivals 
• This established Parallel Cinema movement 
firmly 
• Many new film-makers joined this movement 
• During 60’s Film Finance Corporation was 
formed
WHAT IS PARALLEL CINEMA? 
• Parallel Cinema is a movement in Indian 
Cinema 
• It is an alternative to the mainstream cinema 
• It is also known as Art Cinema,Alternative 
Cinema,Indian New Wave,Meaningful 
Cinema,etc 
• These films are known for their serious 
content & realism 
• It was inspired by Italian Neo-Realism, French 
New Wave and Japanese New Wave
PARALLEL CINEMA IN 1970-80’s 
• During 70’s Parallel cinema entered in 
Bollywood to a much wider extent 
• Notable filmmakers of this era were Shyam 
Benegal, Mani Kaul, Saeed Akthar Mirza, 
Govind Nihalani, etc 
• Nishant, Manthan, Arohan, Junoon, Sparsh, 
Aakrosh, Ardha Satya, Paar were some of the 
eminent work
The Great Indian Parallel cinema
• The parallel cinema of this era gave careers to 
a whole new breed of actors
NFDC 
• NFDC was established in the year 1975 
• NFDC produced lot of parallel cinema in the 
70-80’s 
• NFDC was the descendant of FFC 
• The objective of NFDC is to promote Indian 
culture 
• NFDC & FFC through cinema till now have 
funded over 300 films
DECLINE OF PARALLEL CINEMA 
• By the early 90’s commercialization of cinema 
had a negative impact on Art cinema 
• Investment Returns were not guaranteed 
• Financers showed no interest 
• NFDC did not seriously looked into distribution 
& exhibition of these films 
• In this way the wave was not complete
RESURGENCE 
• The term Parallel cinema is applied to off-beat 
movies nowadays 
• Mr & Mrs Iyer, Black Friday, Dhobi Ghat, Ship 
of Thesus, etc are recent films of this genre
PARALLEL CINEMA VS COMMERCIAL 
CINEMA 
PARALLEL CINEMA 
• Superior content 
• Lacks star cast 
• Limited Budget 
• No lavish sets 
• No music, dance 
• Real not reel 
COMMERCIAL CINEMA 
• Content is secondary 
• Requires big star cast 
• Big Budget 
• Lavish sets 
• Dance & Music is high-priority 
• Fake, false ,artificial
THANK YOU

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The Great Indian Parallel cinema

  • 2. HISTORY OF INDIAN CINEMA • The Indian film industry started in the year 1913 • Dadasaheb Phalke is the pioneer of Indian film industry • Raja Harishchandra was the first full length motion picture • Soon this medium started gaining popularity
  • 3. • This silent cinema continued for almost 2 decades • Sound was introduced in the year 1931 • Alam Ara was the first sound film • This film had songs and that set the template for kinds of films made later • Unfortunately this film is not available today
  • 4. THE GOLDEN ERA • The period from 1944 to the 1960’s is regarded as the Golden Age of Indian cinema • Most of the critically acclaimed Indian movies were produced during this era • This period saw the emergence of Parallel Cinema • This was mainly started by the Bengali Cinema
  • 5. • Satyajit Ray, Bimal Roy, Ritwik Ghatak were the early film makers • Ray’s Pather Panchali won all major International Awards at film festivals • This established Parallel Cinema movement firmly • Many new film-makers joined this movement • During 60’s Film Finance Corporation was formed
  • 6. WHAT IS PARALLEL CINEMA? • Parallel Cinema is a movement in Indian Cinema • It is an alternative to the mainstream cinema • It is also known as Art Cinema,Alternative Cinema,Indian New Wave,Meaningful Cinema,etc • These films are known for their serious content & realism • It was inspired by Italian Neo-Realism, French New Wave and Japanese New Wave
  • 7. PARALLEL CINEMA IN 1970-80’s • During 70’s Parallel cinema entered in Bollywood to a much wider extent • Notable filmmakers of this era were Shyam Benegal, Mani Kaul, Saeed Akthar Mirza, Govind Nihalani, etc • Nishant, Manthan, Arohan, Junoon, Sparsh, Aakrosh, Ardha Satya, Paar were some of the eminent work
  • 9. • The parallel cinema of this era gave careers to a whole new breed of actors
  • 10. NFDC • NFDC was established in the year 1975 • NFDC produced lot of parallel cinema in the 70-80’s • NFDC was the descendant of FFC • The objective of NFDC is to promote Indian culture • NFDC & FFC through cinema till now have funded over 300 films
  • 11. DECLINE OF PARALLEL CINEMA • By the early 90’s commercialization of cinema had a negative impact on Art cinema • Investment Returns were not guaranteed • Financers showed no interest • NFDC did not seriously looked into distribution & exhibition of these films • In this way the wave was not complete
  • 12. RESURGENCE • The term Parallel cinema is applied to off-beat movies nowadays • Mr & Mrs Iyer, Black Friday, Dhobi Ghat, Ship of Thesus, etc are recent films of this genre
  • 13. PARALLEL CINEMA VS COMMERCIAL CINEMA PARALLEL CINEMA • Superior content • Lacks star cast • Limited Budget • No lavish sets • No music, dance • Real not reel COMMERCIAL CINEMA • Content is secondary • Requires big star cast • Big Budget • Lavish sets • Dance & Music is high-priority • Fake, false ,artificial