1. Lecture 12Lecture 12
Version 1.0Version 1.0
Multidimensional ArraysMultidimensional Arrays
Passing Arrays to FuncionPassing Arrays to Funcion

2. 2Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Multidimensional ArrayMultidimensional Array
 Arrays in C can have multiple subscriptsArrays in C can have multiple subscripts
 A common use of multiple subscripted arrays isA common use of multiple subscripted arrays is
to represent tables of valuesto represent tables of values
 To identify a particular table element, we mustTo identify a particular table element, we must
specify two subscripts: the first identifies thespecify two subscripts: the first identifies the
row and the second identifies the columnrow and the second identifies the column

3. 3Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Two Dimensional ArrayTwo Dimensional Array
 Arrays that require two subscripts to identify aArrays that require two subscripts to identify a
particular element are called double subscriptedparticular element are called double subscripted
arraysarrays
 ANSI standard supports at least 12 subscriptsANSI standard supports at least 12 subscripts

4. 4Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Two Dimensional ArrayTwo Dimensional Array
 When we say a 3X4 array, we declare it as follows-When we say a 3X4 array, we declare it as follows-
int a [3][4];int a [3][4];
So, the first subscript denotes the row and the second subscriptSo, the first subscript denotes the row and the second subscript
denotes the columndenotes the column

5. 5Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Two Dimensional ArrayTwo Dimensional Array
 A multiple subscripted array can be initialized inA multiple subscripted array can be initialized in
its declaration much like a single subscriptedits declaration much like a single subscripted
arrayarray
int b [2] [2] = {{1,2}, {3,4}};int b [2] [2] = {{1,2}, {3,4}};
 in that case, 1 and 2 initialize b[0][0] and b[0][1]in that case, 1 and 2 initialize b[0][0] and b[0][1]
and 3 and 4 initialize b[1][0] and b[1][1]and 3 and 4 initialize b[1][0] and b[1][1]

6. 6Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Two Dimensional ArrayTwo Dimensional Array

7. 7Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
The OutputThe Output

8. 8Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Two Dimensional ArraysTwo Dimensional Arrays

9. 9Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
The OutputThe Output

10. 10Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Remember!!Remember!!
 that while initializing a 2-D array it is necessarythat while initializing a 2-D array it is necessary
to mention the second (column) dimension,to mention the second (column) dimension,
whereas the first dimension (row) is optionalwhereas the first dimension (row) is optional

11. 11Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Valid DeclarationValid Declaration

12. 12Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Invalid DeclarationInvalid Declaration

13. 13Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Three Dimensional ArraysThree Dimensional Arrays

14. 14Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Passing Arrays to FunctionsPassing Arrays to Functions
 Array elements can be passed to a function byArray elements can be passed to a function by
calling the function by value, or by referencecalling the function by value, or by reference
 In the call by value we pass values of arrayIn the call by value we pass values of array
elements to the functionelements to the function
 in the call by reference we pass addresses ofin the call by reference we pass addresses of
array elements to the functionarray elements to the function
 As we did not see call by reference yet, we willAs we did not see call by reference yet, we will
see that latersee that later

15. 15Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Passing Arrays to FunctionsPassing Arrays to Functions

16. 16Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
OutputOutput

17. 17Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Passing Arrays to FunctionsPassing Arrays to Functions

18. 18Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
Function Prototype for functionsFunction Prototype for functions
taking arrays as argumentstaking arrays as arguments
 The function prototype for this will be-The function prototype for this will be-
void print (int [ ][ ], int , int );void print (int [ ][ ], int , int );

19. 19Rushdi Shams, Dept of CSE, KUET, Bangladesh
OutputOutput